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31.
VK Satya R Radhajeyalakshmi K Kavitha V Paranidharan R Bhaskaran 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(3):185-192
The fungitoxic effect of various medicinal plants belonging to different families was evaluated in vitro on Rhizoctonia solani, the rice sheath blight pathogen. Of the various plant extracts, the leaf extract of zimmu (Allium cepa × Allium sativum) showed the maximum antifungal activity against R. solani and recorded an inhibition zone of 12?mm. The leaf extract of zimmu was also effective in inhibiting the growth of other agronomically important fungal and bacterial pathogens viz., Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata, Alternaria solani, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. The antimicrobial compound was dissoluble in methanol and the methanolic extract showed the absorption maxima at 210?nm and 230?nm. Phenolic compounds were present in greater amounts in methanol extract of zimmu. TLC analysis showed the appearance of two blue spots at R f ?=?0.65 and R f ?=?0.90. The compounds eluted at R f ?=?0.65 and R f ?=?0.90 by preparative TLC exhibited strong antifungal activity against R. solani. 相似文献
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Shomu Bohora Narayanan Namboodiri Santosh Dora VK Ajit Kumar Jaganmohan Tharakan 《Indian pacing and electrophysiology journal》2010,10(1):62-66
Mahaim Fiber tachycardia characteristically causes a wide QRS tachycardia with left bundle branch morphology and left axis deviation, especially in young patients, having no structural heart disease. Mahaim fiber automaticity further cements the proposition of Mahaim fiber, due to its Atrioventricular (AV) node like property, being called as an ectopic AV node. 相似文献
35.
B. Singh S. Sharma G. Rani V. Hallan A. A. Zaidi G. S. Virk A. Nagpal 《Plant biotechnology reports》2008,2(2):137-143
Production of Indian citrus ringspot virus (ICRSV)-free plants from an infected plant of kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora) is reported. The shoot apices of different sizes (0.2–1.0 mm) excised from the ICRSV-infected plant were micrografted
onto decapitated rootstock seedlings of rough lemon (C. jambhiri). Micrograft survival depended on the size of shoot apex and the sucrose concentration of the culture medium. Increase in
scion size from 0.2 to 0.7 mm resulted in an increase in micrografting success rate from 30.55 to 51.88%. Further, micrograft
survival obtained with 0.2 mm was improved from 30.55 to 38.88% by increasing sucrose concentration in the culture media from
5 to 7.5%. The micrografted plants were tested for ICRSV using ELISA and RT-PCR. All plants raised from 0.2-mm scion were
found negative with both ELISA and RT-PCR whereas only 20% of the ELISA negative plants raised from 0.3-mm scion were found
negative for ICRSV with RT-PCR. The outcome of this research is the successful establishment, acclimatization and virus testing
of micrografted plants. 相似文献
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Sanjeev Sharma Balwinder Singh Gita Rani A. A. Zaidi Vipin K. Hallan Avinash Kaur Nagpal G. S. Virk 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,92(1):85-92
Indian citrus ringspot virus (ICRSV) is known to cause serious disease problem in Kinnow (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora) plants. This work reports the elimination of ICRSV by using thermotherapy coupled with shoot tip grafting in vitro.
Nodal segments from infected mother plants (indexed by indirect ELISA and RT-PCR) were treated both in water bath and moist
hot air at different temperatures viz. 40, 45 and 50°C for 30, 60 and 120 min and cultured on MS medium containing 2-iP (1 mg/l)
and malt extract (800 mg/l). Shoot tips were excised from the nodal sprouts and grafted on to rough lemon (C. jambhiri) rootstock under aseptic conditions. Water bath treatment was found to be more effective as compared to moist hot air treatment
as maximum number of ICRSV free plants (36.84%) were obtained by grafting the tips (0.7 mm) taken from the nodal segments
treated at 50°C in water bath for 2 h. In an alternate treatment regime, 1-year-old infected plants were kept at various temperatures
viz.36, 38 and 40°C in a thermotherapy chamber. Maximum of 60% ICRSV free plants were obtained by grafting the tips (0.7 mm)
from the plants placed at 40°C followed by the plants placed at 38°C (59.09%) and the least was observed in case of the plants
placed at 36°C (40.74%). Only those plants/plantlets were considered virus free, which showed negative reaction both in Indirect
ELISA and RT-PCR. 相似文献
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Background
In the internal fixation of fractured bone by means of bone-plates fastened to the bone on its tensile surface, an on-going concern has been the excessive stress-shielding of the bone by the excessively-stiff stainless-steel plate. The compressive stress-shielding at the fracture-interface immediately after fracture-fixation delays callus formation and bone healing. Likewise, the tensile stress-shielding of the layer of the bone underneath the plate can cause osteoporosis and decrease in tensile strength of this layer. 相似文献38.
Ageratum conyzoides, Croton bonpladianum and Malvastrum coromandelianum are common weeds found around agricultural fields. In several cases these were found to exhibit vein yellowing and yellow mosaic symptoms. Using degenerate primers specific for whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (WTGs), and total DNA isolated from such infected plants (exhibiting the above symptoms) as a template, 1.2kbp fragments were amplified and were shown to have homology to DNA-A of Indian tomato leaf curl virus (ITLCV) by Southern hybridization. In control experiments the same primers failed to amplify any DNA fragments from the total DNA isolated from healthy plants (no symptoms as above). These results show that Ageratum, Croton and Malvastrum harbour geminivirus(es). 相似文献
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Carnation etched ring virus (CERV), is the most widespread virus in carnation cultivars after Carnation mottle virus. It's incidences has been reported worldwide. It has double stranded DNA genome with the length of ∼8 kbp. Primers were designed for CERV coat protein gene (1482 bp) amplification and directional and inframe cloning in expression vector, pET‐28a(+) (Novagen, USA), using Escherichia coli strain BL 21 strain competent cells. Expression conditions for maximum recovery of soluble recombinant protein was standardized. The in vitro expressed protein was purified and was used as an antigen for raising antisera. Both intramuscular and sub‐cutaneous routes were used separately for antisera production and the antisera was purified. Some of the antisera was used for enzyme conjugate preparation. This antiserum and conjugate were then used for formulation of an ELISA‐based diagnostic kit for CERV detection. Its properties were compared with the commercially available kit. In all cases, with both glasshouse and field material, the antibodies had good detectability and specificity. These antibodies combine specificity to the target protein and versatility with regard to all the more important serological techniques. 相似文献
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Frank Köhler Francesco Criscione Anders Hallan Isabel Hyman Vince Kessner 《Zoologica scripta》2020,49(6):732-745
The limacoid land snail Asperitas Gude, 1911 encompasses several vividly coloured, yet poorly known species that are distributed throughout the Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi, and the Moluccas. We examined the variation in shell morphology, including the use of geometric morphometrics, and reproductive anatomy of snails from Timor and several adjacent islands. These studies revealed that none of the taxa described from Timor and considered to be endemic to this island could be reliably distinguished from any of the others. In addition to the systematic ambiguity of morphological characteristics, we uncovered rather low amounts of genetic differentiation in the mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit I that was not consistent with the current taxonomy. Based on these observations, we conclude that there is just a single Asperitas species on Timor that exhibits notable variability in shell characters and body colour. This variability is ascribed to the combined effects of polymorphic colour patterns with locally varying selection in different habitats and along altitudinal gradients. Individuals from the adjacent islands of Flores, Sumbawa, Solor and Romang, which are deemed to represent distinct species-level taxa, exhibit similar amounts of variation in shell and body colour. They exhibit a consistent reproductive anatomy and overall negligible amounts of mitochondrial differentiation from the populations on Timor. Patterns in shell variation do not lend support to previously held ideas that different Sunda Islands harbour distinct radiations of polytypic Asperitas species. By contrast, we suggest that the taxonomic diversity of Asperitas has been overestimated for the over-reliance on shell features and that many presently accepted taxa are likely mere synonyms of fewer and more widespread species. 相似文献