Bcl-2、Fas和FasL在BPH组织中的表达及其意义

目的:研究凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Fas和FasL在前列腺增生组织中表达,并探讨其与前列腺增生症的关系.方法:收集哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院2004年5月--2005年8月前列腺增生症(BPH)组织标本36例,前列腺癌(PCa)组织标本12例和正常前列腺(NP)组织标本7例.应用免疫组织化学SABC方法,检测BPH、PCa和NP组织标本中凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Fas和FasL的表达,并探讨Bcl-2、Fas和FasL的表达与前列腺增生症的关系.结果:①BPH与PCa组Bcl-2蛋白阳性表达明显高于NP组(P<0.05),而BPH组与PCa组阳性表达无显著差异;PCa组Fas表达显著低于BPH和NP(P<0.05、0.01),而BPH和NP组之间差异也有显著性(P<0.05);FasL在三组之间表达差异均无显著性(P>0.05).②在BPH组织中Bcl-2的表达与Fas表达呈负相关(P(0.05),与FasL表达呈正相关(P<0.05),余均未见相关性.结论:Bcl-2、Fas、FasL均参与了BPH的发生发展过程,Bcl-2、Fas、FasL表达的综合结果可能是引起BPH的原因之一.     

Adiponectin improves endothelial function in hyperlipidemic rats by reducing oxidative/nitrative stress and differential regulation of eNOS/iNOS activity

Plasma adiponectin level is significantly reduced in patients with metabolic syndrome, and vascular dysfunction is an important pathological event in these patients. However, whether adiponectin may protect endothelial cells and attenuate endothelial dysfunction caused by metabolic disorders remains largely unknown. Adult rats were fed with a regular or a high-fat diet for 14 wk. The aorta was isolated, and vascular segments were incubated with vehicle or the globular domain of adiponectin (gAd; 2 mug/ml) for 4 h. The effect of gAd on endothelial function, nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide production, nitrotyrosine formation, gp91(phox) expression, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/inducible NOS (iNOS) activity/expression was determined. Severe endothelial dysfunction (maximal vasorelaxation in response to ACh: 70.3 +/- 3.3 vs. 95.2 +/- 2.5% in control, P < 0.01) was observed in hyperlipidemic aortic segments, and treatment with gAd significantly improved endothelial function (P < 0.01). Paradoxically, total NO production was significantly increased in hyperlipidemic vessels, and treatment with gAd slightly reduced, rather than increased, total NO production in these vessels. Treatment with gAd reduced (-78%, P < 0.01) superoxide production and peroxynitrite formation in hyperlipidemic vascular segments. Moreover, a moderate attenuation (-30%, P < 0.05) in gp91(phox) and iNOS overexpression in hyperlipidemic vessels was observed after gAd incubation. Treatment with gAd had no effect on eNOS expression but significantly increased eNOS phosphorylation (P < 0.01). Most noticeably, treatment with gAd significantly enhanced eNOS (+83%) but reduced iNOS (-70%, P < 0.01) activity in hyperlipidemic vessels. Collectively, these results demonstrated that adiponectin protects the endothelium against hyperlipidemic injury by multiple mechanisms, including promoting eNOS activity, inhibiting iNOS activity, preserving bioactive NO, and attenuating oxidative/nitrative stress.     

抗生素对菊花叶片再生及农杆菌生长的影响

以3个菊花品种的试管苗叶片为材料,通过探讨5种抗生素硫酸卡那霉素,氨苄青霉素,头孢噻肟钠,头孢唑林钠和羧苄青霉素对其再生的影响,结果表明,硫酸卡那霉素浓度为5mg/L时能完全抑制JB、Jc的再生,15mg/L时能完全抑制JA的再生。其它4种抗生素对3个菊花品种再生影响差异很大。随着浓度升高,头孢噻肟钠使JA、JB再生率持续下降,再生率持续上升;头孢唑林钠使JA、JB、Jc再生率都持续下降;羧苄青霉素使JA、JB、Jc再生率先上升,后下降,均在400mg/L时达到峰值。对于农杆菌LBA4404,头孢噻肟钠的抑菌效果最好,其次是羧苄青霉素。     

柏木人工林林窗位置对香椿细根分解及土壤真菌群落多样性的影响

为了解林窗位置对香椿细根分解及土壤真菌群落多样性的影响,以川中丘陵区30a生柏木人工林为研究对象,采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术研究200 m²人工林窗中心位置（GC）、边缘位置（GB）、郁闭林（CC）对香椿细根2a自然分解后土壤真菌群落结构及多样性的影响。结果表明,林窗内不同位置之间微环境差异显著（P<0.05）,土壤理化性质对林窗位置变化的响应较细根养分元素更积极,GB位置细根分解速率显著高于GC和CC。土壤真菌门水平在3个林窗位置间无显著差异,其中子囊菌门、担子菌门是优势类群;腐生营养型真菌在3个林窗位置上具有显著差异,散囊菌目、粪壳菌目、肉座菌目、刺盾炱目、伞菌目是3个位置上相对丰度值>1%的优势类群,刺盾炱目、伞菌目相对丰度在GB和CC之间有显著差异（P<0.05）;青霉属和曲霉属是真菌在属水平上的优势类群,其相对丰度在3个位置间有极显著差异（P<0.01）。林窗位置未对真菌群落α多样性产生显著影响,但群落β多样性对位置变化的响应显著。GB位置群落β多样性显著高于GC和CC （P<0.05）,共有种数量最多,GC位置特有种数量最多。冗余分析发现较多环境因子对真菌群落的影响显著（P<0.01）,Mantel test （和partial Mantel test）分析结果表明土壤pH值、土壤含水量、土壤温度、土壤速效磷、土壤全氮是真菌群落多样性的重要影响因子。综上所述,林窗内位置对土壤真菌类群构成和群落β多样性具有差异性影响,在柏木人工林内实施林窗式干扰有助于调节细根分解等地下生态进程。     

松材线虫侵染的马尾松人工林细根形态及生物量分异特征

中龄林的马尾松受松材线虫侵染后,林木生长、生理生化指标、群落多样性等会发生异质性变化,但是,针对患病林木地下细根的响应尚不清楚。本研究以松材线虫疫区患病马尾松和健康马尾松为研究对象,采用土柱法,分0-15 cm和15-30 cm土层,对细根进行分级研究,定量分析1-5级细根的形态、生物量以及养分元素,探讨松材线虫侵染的马尾松人工林细根形态、生物量以及养分元素的分异特征。结果表明:(1)患病马尾松人工林细根的健康状态与根长密度、生物量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),低级根(如1级根)患病后,响应会更加强烈。(2)马尾松人工林患病后,细根有效磷、速效钾浓度会显著降低(P<0.05),而全氮、钙浓度会显著升高(P<0.05)。(3)松材线虫病使林分的土壤有机质含量显著高于健康林分(P<0.05),而土壤速效钾含量会显著低于健康林分(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,松材线虫侵染的马尾松人工林会在细根形态、细根养分和土壤养分上会发生特异性响应,揭示了松材线虫病对马尾松人工林地下细根的影响,旨在为松材线虫病防治提供一定参考。