Nitric oxide and changes of iron metabolism in exercise

Accumulated data imply that exercise itself might not lead to a true iron deficiency or 'sport anaemia' in a healthy athlete who has adequate iron intake. The higher prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in younger female athletes might be not due to exercise itself, but probably results from dietary choices, inadequate iron intake and menstruation. These factors can also induce iron deficiency or anaemia in the general population. However, exercise does affect iron metabolism, leading to low or sub-optimal iron status. The underlying mechanism is unknown. In this review, recent advances in the study of the effect of exercise on iron metabolism and nitric oxide, and the relationship between nitric oxide and iron status in exercise are discussed. A hypothesis that increased production of nitric oxide might contribute to sub-optimal iron status in exercise is proposed.     

Determination of cefazedone in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: Application to a pharmacokinetic study on Chinese volunteers

A rapid, sensitive and simple high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) method was developed for determination of cefazedone in human plasma using metronidazole as internal standard (IS). The chromatographic separation was achieved on an Ultimate XB-CN column (2.1 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) with an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile and 20 mM ammonium acetate in 0.1% formic acid in water (15:85, v/v). Detection was performed using electrospray ionization in positive ion multiple reaction-monitoring mode (SRM), monitoring the transitions m/z 548.2 → 344.1 for cefazedone and m/z 172.2 → 128.1 for IS. Calibration curves were linear over a wide range of 0.20–401.12 μg/mL for cefazedone in plasma. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.20 μg/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 7.2%. The average recovery of cefazedone was 90.8–91.0%. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of cefazedone in Chinese healthy volunteers following intravenous (IV) administration of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg cefazedone injection.     

非洲爪蟾短型肽聚糖识别蛋白基因的克隆与鉴定

采用生物信息学方法首次对非洲爪蟾短型肽聚糖识别蛋白(xePGRP-S)基因进行了克隆,并对其在胚胎发育和成年爪蟾各组织中的表达状况进行了分析。xePGRP-ScDNA全长720bp,开放阅读框为549bp,编码182个氨基酸。序列比对显示xePGRP-S与其他物种PGRP-S的序列相似性在42.4%-50.5%之间。RT-PCR显示在非洲爪蟾胚胎发育至3d时可以明显检测到xePGRP-S的表达,之后呈持续性表达,且在所检测的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、肠和胃这7种组织器官中呈组成型表达。       

牛生长激素基因在马铃薯中的表达

将牛生长激素基因ｃＤＮＡ 与Ｐａｔａｔｉｎ ＣｌａｓｓＩ启动子及ＮＯＳ３终止子连接,构建了表达载体ｐＰＢＧＴ． 用直接法将表达载体转入农杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ ｔｕｍ ｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ） ＬＢＡ４４０４（ｐＲＡＬ４４０４）菌株, 用此菌株转化马铃薯（Ｓｏｌａｎｕｍ ｔｕｂｅｒｏｓｕｍ ）得到再生植株． 经ＮＰＴⅡ活性检测,总ＤＮＡ ＰＣＲ和Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ证明目的基因已整合到马铃薯基因组中．ＲＮＡ 点杂交和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ表明牛生长激素基因已在转基因马铃薯块茎中转录和表达     

MiR‐616‐3p modulates cell proliferation and migration through targeting tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 in preeclampsia

Objectives

Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment, preeclampsia (PE) continues to pose a significant risk of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality if not addressed promptly. An increasing number of studies have suggested that tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) acts as a suppressor gene, possibly inhibiting multiple serine proteases affecting cell proliferation and migration. It plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of PE, but the pathogenesis remains unclear.

Materials and methods

In our research, we performed western blotting, immunohistochemistry and qPCR assays to investigate TFPI2 and miR‐616‐3p expression in preeclamptic placental tissues. Cell assays were performed in HTR‐8/SVneo and JEG3 cell lines. Cell proliferation and migration events were investigated by MTT, EdU and transwell assays. In conjunction with bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assays were performed to elucidate the mechanism by which miR‐616‐3p binds to TFPI2 mRNA.

Results

We established that TFPI2 protein levels were significantly upregulated in PE placental tissues. In addition, we found that miR‐616‐3p binds specifically to the 3′‐UTR region of TFPI2 mRNA. Furthermore, miR‐616‐3p knockdown or TFPI2 overexpression substantially impaired cell growth and migration, whereas miR‐616‐3p upregulation or TFPI2 knockdown stimulated cell proliferation and migration. This miR‐616‐3p / TFPI2 axis was also found to affect the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition process in PE.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that TFPI2 plays a vital role in the progression of PE and might provide a prospective therapeutic strategy to mitigate the severity of the disorder.

     

毛细管电泳及其在蛋白质折叠研究中的应用

简要介绍了毛细管电泳的常用分离模式及其原理,并对毛细管电泳在蛋白质化学领域中的新应用——研究蛋白质折叠和发展前景作了评述。     

青岛近海及其临近海域冬季微微型浮游植物的分布

微微型浮游植物（0.2～2.0 μm） 是海水中最小的自养浮游生物, 在世界各海域广泛分布, 并在海洋有机物质循环中起着非常重要的作用.利用荧光显微技术对青岛近海及其邻近海域冬季微微型浮游植物丰度进行了调查,研究了微微型浮游植物的空间变化和昼夜变化的特征, 并分析了微微型浮游植物丰度与环境因子的相关性. 结果显示, 冬季该海域以富含藻红素（Phycoerythrin-rich, PE）的聚球藻(Synechococcus, Syn)细胞占优势,微微型真核藻类（Picoeukaryote, Euk）次之,而富含藻蓝素（Phycocyanin-rich, PC）的聚球藻细胞数量很低, 未发现原绿球藻（Prochlorococcus, Pro）的存在.Syn 的变化范围为8.97×10³～1.95×10⁵ cells·ml^-1, 平均4.67×10⁴ cells·ml^-1; Euk的变化范围为1.95×10²～1.01×10⁴ cells·ml^-1, 平均2.39×10³ cells·ml^-1. Syn丰度在胶南以南海域出现高值区域, 在即墨海域和崂山东南海域出现低值区域. Euk丰度在日照海域出现高值区域; 崂山海域为低值区域; 各水层Syn和Euk丰度均无明显差异(P﹥0.05). 对胶州湾中部连续站4层水体的24 h昼夜连续变化进行观测发现, Syn、Euk丰度都有明显昼夜波动.相关性分析表明： Syn与温度、 电导率呈正相关, 与溶氧浓度呈显著负相关; Euk与盐度和溶氧浓度呈显著负相关. 微微型浮游植物对总浮游植物生物量的贡献约为20％.     

球毛壳菌组蛋白H3基因克隆与特性分析

构建了球毛壳菌菌丝的cDNA文库,并获得了1410条ESTs序列,用里氏木霉(Hypocrea jecorina,AAM76068)和粗糙脉胞菌(Neurospora crassa,CAA25761)的组蛋白H3基因(Histone H3)蛋白序列对球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)ESTs序列本地数据库进行tBlastn检索,获得了球毛壳菌组蛋白H3cDNA序列。cDNA序列全长739bp,开放阅读框411bp,编码136个氨基酸组成的多肽,蛋白分子量为15.4kD。BlastP同源性分析表明该基因与里氏木霉同源性最高为100%;与地钱(Marchantia polymorpha)同源性最低为95%。三级结构预测表明,该蛋白C端为球状结构域,而N端结构对其发挥调控作用起重要作用。该基因的cDNA序列及推测的氨基酸序列在GenBank登录(登录号分别为AY669068,AAT74576)。     

磁杆菌HMB—1的磁小体特性及其合成条件的研究

从西安段家坡黄土剖面６１个土样中,分离纯化出一株磁杆菌ＨＭＢ１,并对其磁性特点及磁小体的合成条件进行了研究;同时用Ｘ射线能谱分析测定了磁小体的组成成分,主要为铁和钴。综合实验结果得出ＨＭＢ１生长及磁小体形成的最适培养基