Long noncoding RNA NEAT1-modulated miR-506 regulates gastric cancer development through targeting STAT3

Accumulating evidence has indicated that long noncoding RNA NEAT1 exerts critical roles in cancers. So far, the detailed biological role and mechanisms of NEAT1, which are responsible for human gastric cancer (GC), are still largely unknown. Here, we observed that NEAT1 and STAT3 expressions were significantly upregulated in human GC cells including BGC823, SGC-7901, AGS, MGC803, and MKN28 cells compared with normal gastric epithelial cells GES-1, while miR-506 was downregulated. We inhibited NEAT1 and observed that NEAT1 inhibition was able to repress the growth, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Conversely, overexpression of NEAT1 exhibited an increased ability of GC progression in BGC823 and SGC-7901 cells. Bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase reporter assays, RIP assays, and RNA pull-down tests validated the negative binding correlation between NEAT1 and miR-506. In addition, it was found that miR-506 can modulate the expression of NEAT1 in vitro. STAT3 was predicted as a messenger RNA (mRNA) target of miR-506, and miR-506 mimics can suppress STAT3 mRNA expression. Subsequently, it was observed that downregulation of NEAT1 can restrain GC development by decreasing STAT3, which can be reversed by miR-506 inhibitors. Therefore, it was hypothesized in our study that NEAT1 can be recognized as a competing endogenous RNA to modulate STAT3 by sponging miR-506 in GC. In conclusion, we implied that NEAT1 can serve as an important biomarker in GC diagnosis and treatment.     

Fitness consequences of divorce in the azure-winged magpie depends on the breeding experience of a new mate

Sexual conflict in producing and raising offspring is a critical issue in evolutionary ecology research.Individual experience affects their breeding performance,as measured by such traits of provisioning of offspring and engagement in extra-pair copulations,and may cause an imbalance in sexual conflict.Thus,divorce is hypothesized to occur within aged social pairs,irrespective of current reproductive success.This concept was explored in the azure-winged magpie Cyanopica cyanus by investigating the divorce of a social pair and its relationship to their changes in breeding performance with prior experience.Females engaging in extra-pair copulation may intensify sexual conflicts and may be the main reason for divorce.Once divorced,females repairing with an inexperienced male realized higher reproductive success than that repairing with an experienced male;males repairing with an experienced female realized higher reproductive success than that repairing with an inexperienced female.This finding indicates that the fitness consequence of divorce depends on the breeding experience of new mates.Divorced females can obtain more extra-pair copulations,whereas divorced males cannot,when they repair with inexperienced breeders.Divorced females provisioned a brood at lower rates than inexperienced females whereas divorced males had no such difference.It appears that divorced females can obtain an advantage in sexual conflicts with inexperienced mates in future reproduction.Consequently,females are probably more active than males in divorcing their aged mates so as to select an inexperienced male as a new mate.Azure-winged magpies thus provide novel insights into the implicaticns of sexual conflict in birds.     

Biocatalytic synthesis and in vitro release of biodegradable linear polyesters with pendant ketoprofen

Enzyme-catalyzed polycondensation for the synthesis of polyester prodrugs of ketoprofen was reported. Lipase acrylic resin from Candida antarctica (CAL-B) was used to synthesize the linear polyesters with pendent ketoprofen groups based on ketoprofen glycerol ester, poly(ethylene glycol), and divinyl sebacate. The products were characterized by GPC and (1)H NMR. The results indicated that the molecular weight and yields of the polyesters depend on experimental conditions such as temperature and feed ratio. The in vitro study showed that the drug release from the polyester was slow under physiological conditions, which indicated that the polyester could be a promising prodrug with extended pharmacological effects by delayed release of ketoprofen.     

Four new compounds from the leaves of Acer truncatum

Four new compounds, 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propyl formate (1), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-[(1S)-3-methoxypropyl]phenol (2), (1R,2R)-4-[(3R)-3-hydroxybutyl]-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohex-4-ene-1,2-diol (3), and (1S,3R,3aR,6S,7S,9aR)-decahydro-1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,7-dimethyl-3a,7-methano-3aH-cyclopentacyclooctene (4) were isolated from the leaves of Acer truncatum, together with twelve known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic techniques. The absolute configuration of compound 3 was established by the modified Mosher's method. All compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activities.     

Five new steroidal compounds from Ypsilandra thibetica

Five new steroids, including the four new steroidal saponins ypsilandroside B (1), ypsilandroside A (2), isoypsilandroside A (4), and isoypsilandroside B (5), as well as the new steroidal sapogenin isoypsilandrogenin (3), were isolated from the whole plant of Ypsilandra thibetica Franch. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including extensive 2D-NMR techniques. The structure and relative configuration of ypsilandroside B (=(3beta,12alpha,25R)-3-[(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-apiofuranosyl)oxy]spirost-5-ene-12,27-diol; 1) was unequivocally determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The antifungal and antibacterial activities of 1-5 towards various types of fungi and bacteria are reported.     

种群密度与施肥对垂穗披碱草刈割后补偿作用的影响

 以甘南亚高山草甸常见牧草垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)为对象,通过考察种群密度、施肥与刈割处理等对植物生长和生殖的影响效应,比较了垂穗披碱草在5个密度及2个施肥实验处理条件下对4种刈割处理的补偿性反应特点。结果表明,在所有密度及施肥处理条件下,早期轻度刈割处理 (分蘖期刈割,留茬4 cm) 都有利于植物的补偿作用,后期重度处理 (拔节期刈割,留茬2 cm) 可显著降低植物的地上部分生物量及生殖部分干重 (穗重)。在不施肥情况下,刈割对垂穗披碱草的影响程度随种群密度而加大,在低密度处理中早期轻度刈割的植物发生了超补偿。可以认为,低密度种群中植物具有较多的分蘖是植物在刈割后表现出较高补偿能力的一个重要生物学原因。实验还发现,施肥可提高植物个体的分蘖能力和秆叶再生能力,因而总体上可增强植物的补偿能力,并且在中等密度条件下垂穗披碱草的补偿能力较强,尽管没有发生超补偿现象。不过,施肥主要是有利于植物地上营养器官的补偿,生殖器官的补偿程度较小一些。试验结果对科学管理人工草场具有一定的指导意义。     

HL-60细胞诱导分化过程中STIM1 siRNA干扰的电转染研究

目的：以感受器相互作用分子（STIMI）为报告基因优化悬浮培养的二甲基亚砜（DMSO）诱导分化的HL-60细胞的电穿孔转染条件。方法：通过控制电压、电容、电阻、细胞状态等转染条件,采用不同条件组合后用电穿孔法将靶向STIMI的siRNA转入悬浮培养的dHL-60细胞,用荧光显微镜观察转染率,蛋白免疫印记方法检测干扰效率。结果：适当提高电压能提高悬浮培养的dHL-60细胞的转染效率,细胞状态不同干扰效率有所差异,DMSO诱导4d的dHL-60细胞在电压295V、电容1180μF、电阻5000的条件下转入STIMI siRNA系列并得到最大干扰效率（约60％）。结论：针对dHL-60细胞这种比较特殊的细胞系来说,电穿孔转染法是一种较好的基因转染方法,通过优化其转染条件,可以提高其对dHL-60细胞的SiRNA干扰效率。     

刈割后两种不同体型植物的补偿式样对比研究

对比了两种不同体型植物燕麦(Avena sativa)和油菜(Brassica campestris)在不同施肥水平下的刈割反应特点。结果表明:对于燕麦而言,在不施肥条件下,3个时期的轻度刈割处理与对照相比,其生物量、总生物量、果重、果数等都有增加,但只有某些指标出现超补偿;在施肥条件下,各种刈割处理后均没有发生超补偿。并且无论施肥与否,分蘖期与拔节期的补偿指数均高于抽穗期的补偿指数。可以认为,不施肥条件下营养期轻度刈割处理较有利于燕麦的补偿生长。对于油菜而言,花蕾期轻度刈割处理后植物补偿指数最大,且施肥条件下的补偿指数高于不施肥条件下的补偿指数。比较两种植物在不同资源下补偿反应的特点,可认为因休眠芽位置及其活动方式不同而所造成的体型差异对植物的补偿反应式样有很大影响。     

盐皮质激素的非基因组作用及其机制

盐皮质激素(以醛固酮为代表)是调节机体水盐代谢的重要甾体激素,有着重要的生理、病理功能,阐明其作用机制具有重要的基础和临床意义.现已明确,醛固酮的作用有经典的基因组作用和快速的非基因组作用.关于前者,人们已有较多的评述,本文旨在综述近年来有关醛固酮非基因组作用及其可能分子机制的研究进展.目前的研究表明,醛固酮既可能通过膜受体,又可能通过核受体发挥快速非基因组作用.非基因组作用可以激活细胞内多种信号转导通路.另外,非基因组作用与基因组作用之间还存在整合和交互对话的途径.