以霍乱毒素B亚基为佐剂的SARS病毒核酸疫苗的构建

由于冠状病毒主要通过粘膜系统侵人细胞,因此有效的粘膜免疫效应对于SARS的免疫预防具有重要作用。通过将SARS冠状病毒免疫保护相关的核衣壳蛋白和辐条蛋白与霍乱毒素B亚基基因融合,并克隆至真核基因表达载体,所构建的DNA候选疫苗在细胞内可表达霍乱毒素B亚基与SARS抗原的融合蛋白,从而可用于评价是否可有效产生粘膜免疫。     

Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing a β‐1,3‐glucanase from sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) show reduced callose deposition and increased tolerance to aluminium toxicity

Seventy‐one cultivars of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) were screened for aluminium (Al) tolerance by measuring relative root growth (RRG). Two contrasting cultivars, ROMA (Al tolerant) and POTCHETSTRM (Al sensitive), were selected to study shorter term responses to Al stress. POTCHETSTRM had higher callose synthase activity, lower β‐1,3‐glucanase activity and more callose deposition in the root apices during Al treatment compared with ROMA. We monitored the expression of 12 genes involved in callose synthesis and degradation and found that one of these, SbGlu1 (Sb03g045630.1), which encodes a β‐1,3‐glucanase enzyme, best explained the contrasting deposition of callose in ROMA and POTCHETSTRM during Al treatment. Full‐length cDNAs of SbGlu1 was prepared from ROMA and POTCHETSTRM and expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana using the constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Independent transgenic lines displayed significantly greater Al tolerance than wild‐type plants and vector‐only controls. This phenotype was associated with greater total β‐1,3‐glucanase activity, less Al accumulation and reduced callose deposition in the roots. These results suggest that callose production is not just an early indicator of Al stress in plants but likely to be part of the toxicity pathway that leads to the inhibition of root growth.     

洋河水库浮游植物组成及优势种演替规律研究

在洋河水库设置6个采样点, 对浮游植物进行了周年研究, 并在夏季进行了每周一次的加密采样, 以揭示水华期间藻类优势种演替规律。结果表明洋河水库全年共检测到浮游植物8门41属49种, 群落季节变化与温度密切相关。春季隐藻门的啮齿隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa)为优势, 夏季初期表层水温在25℃以下时, 绿藻门的波吉卵囊藻(Oocystis borgei)占主要优势; 当表层水温升至25℃以上, 微囊藻(Microcystis spp.)迅速取代其成为绝对优势。秋季硅藻门的克洛脆杆藻(Fragiaria crotomensis)和隐藻门的啮齿隐藻(C. erosa)为优势。空间分布上水库北部浅水区域隐藻和硅藻生物量普遍高于南部; 受东南风影响, 蓝藻生物量在西洋河口S2点位最大。CCA分析表明夏季水华主体微囊藻的生物量与氮浓度正相关, 螺旋鱼腥藻在夏季仅作为第二优势种短暂出现于西洋河口处, 其出现与否受到磷营养盐的限制。       

三种斑蝥素金属衍生物对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721增殖抑制比较

比较镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、锶(Sr)三种金属元素与斑蝥素结合后对其体外抗肝癌活性的影响。以人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721为实验细胞株,采用SRB法检测细胞增殖抑制率,平板集落形成实验检测细胞的集落形成能力,Hoechst 33342染色法观察细胞核形态变化,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和周期的情况。三种金属元素结合斑蝥素(CTD)后都能抑制细胞的增殖,且成剂量依赖关系。CTD抑制细胞增殖的活性仍强于斑蝥素酸钙(CaCTD)和斑蝥素酸锶(Sr-CTD),但明显弱于斑蝥素酸镁(Mg-CTD)。当给药浓度为0. 7μg/m L时,Mg-CTD组无细胞集落的形成,且抑制细胞集落形成的能力强于CTD组。而Ca-CTD和Sr-CTD抑制细胞集落形成作用无统计学意义。三种斑蝥素金属衍生物中,Mg-CTD引起细胞凋亡最多,其细胞凋亡率为11. 1%,且强于CTD阳性对照组。此外,CTD、Mg-CTD和Ca-CTD可以引起细胞G2/M期阻滞,其阻滞能力由强到弱的顺序为:Mg-CTD、CTD、Ca-CTD;而Sr-CTD对细胞G_2/M期的阻滞能力不明显。镁、钙、锶三种元素对斑蝥素体外抑制肝癌SMMC-7721细胞增殖的影响差异很大,镁元素与斑蝥素结合后在体外能增强斑蝥素的抗肝癌活性,而钙和锶元素则降低其抗肝癌活性。     

Effects of altered precipitation on insect community composition and structure in a meadow steppe

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