RT—PCR法检测我国东南沿海凡纳滨对虾的桃拉综合征病毒

桃拉综合征病毒（Taura syndrome virus,TSV）引致养殖及野生对虾急性传染病,14d至40d的幼虾极易感。该病毒属微RNA病毒科（Picornaviridae）,近年来研究者认为应归类为类蟋蟀麻痹病毒属（Cricket paralysis—like viruses）,因其基因组特征更接近于前所未分类的昆虫单股RNA病毒,如丙型果蝇病毒。     

淋巴囊肿病毒中国株TNFR类似物的原核表达与结构分析

肿瘤坏死因子受体(TNFR)是细胞因子受体家族中的一员,在大DNA病毒的免疫逃避中起着重要的作用。 淋巴囊肿病毒中国株(LCDV-C)是一种大DNA病毒,属于虹彩病毒科。参照已知虹彩病毒TNFR基因设计引物: P1,5′GGATCCAAAACTATGATTAAAATAAAGA 3′;P2:5′ATTACTCGAGAATGTTAAAAATTAAGCTT 3′。以LCDV-C基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增得到一个834bp的DNA片段,并对该片段进行测序。构建原核表 达重组质粒后,在大肠杆菌DE3中诱导表达,其产物经SDS-PAGE电泳后,显示为45kDa的融合蛋白带。对测序 结果进行计算机辅助分析的结果显示,LCDV-C TNFR类似物是一个含278个氨基酸的多肽,具有典型的半胱氨 酸富集区功能结构域,与宿主牙鲆TNFRII氨基酸同源性为34％。     

RNA干扰应用新进展

RNAi是dsRNA诱导的序列特异的基因沉默,siRNA是主要诱因。该文重点综述siRNA的特征、合成方式、转染及转染后检测方法的研究进展;RNAi技术在细胞信号传导途径分析、冗余基因确定、基因功能检测、基因治疗、药物开发等研究领域应用新进展及在相关应用领域仍待解决的问题。     

不同贮藏温度和时间对钻喙兰人工种子萌发及其幼苗成活的影响

植物人工种子技术已广泛应用于花卉、林木和蔬菜的优良品种快速繁殖以及种质资源的超低温保存等方面[1].     

一个耐高温酵母菌株的tps1基因克隆及序列分析

葡萄汁酵母的菌株YY具有耐高温特性,研究其可能的耐高温机理具有重要的理论和实践意义。其在37℃能正常生长,致死温度为68℃。通过克隆其tps1基因序列,体外扩增后测序,分析蛋白序列的突变。发现在这一菌株的tps1基因序列有13个突变,TPS1蛋白序列存在有三个位点的变异,分别是67位(Gly／Ala)、69位(Glu／Gln)、387位(Val／Leu),这三个变异均增加了海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶的疏水性,从而增加了酶在高温下的稳定性性。通过这一发现,可以部分解释菌株YY的耐高温机理。     

两种PCR方法对检测A组轮状病毒膜芯片杂交结果的影响

A组轮状病毒(rotavirus,RV)是导致拿世界婴幼儿腹泻的最主要病原,危害巨大。拟用RT-巢式PCR技术对A组RV的保守序列进行高度扩增,通过固本室内制的膜芯片杂交,实现对该病毒的检测。分别采用对称PCR和不对称PCR扩增,均可得到扩增的目的片段．对称式扩增产物杂交结果不理想。而不对称式扩增得到了大量待检单链产物,同膜芯片杂交获得了理想的杂交结果。显著地提高了对A组RV杂交检测的灵敏度。表明不对称式PCR扩增是一种制备用于芯片杂交大量单链产物的理想方法,尤其是针对富含AT的核酸检测区域。     

不同防治措施对刚竹毒蛾种群变动的影响

应用灰色关联度（the gray sequence）分析不同防治措施对刚竹毒蛾（Pantana phytlostachysae Chao）种群变动的影响。分析结果表明：生物防治标准地种群变动与对照区相似,虫口较低;化学防治后标准地虫口较对照区为高,种群变动与对照区差异较大。第1代和第3代中各防治区与对照区种群变动最接近的均是白僵菌粉炮,其次是敌敌畏烟剂和油烟剂。第2代则是白僵菌粉炮〉油烟剂〉敌敌畏烟剂。进一步说明不同防治措施在不同环境条件下,干扰自然生态系统的程度不同。     

合浦县野生稻资源现状调查及保护对策

本文报道了合浦县普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon)资源调查收集结果、地理分布现状与濒危原因.考察发现野生稻原生地新分布点1个,面积约133.34m2.现存原记载野生稻原生地分布点9个仅占25.0%,分布范围在109°13'～109°45'E、21°36'～21°52'N.考察发现合浦县野生稻原生地破坏十分严重,已毁灭的原生地占原记载的75.0%.造成野生稻濒危的主要原因是人们的各种活动,包括城镇扩大、修公路、农业开垦、过度放牧、环境污染、外来物种侵蚀等.针对合浦县野生稻现状,本文提出采用异位保存与原位保存相结合的保护对策.     

福建栽培大豆品种RAPD标记多样性分析

利用RAPD分子标记技术对福建18份栽培大豆品种遗传多样性进行研究.结果表明,12个引物共扩增出91条带,其中多态条带65条,多态性程度为71.43%.D=0.62时,聚类分析结果可以将供试材料分为3个大类群,即菜用大豆品种、杂交育成品种和地方品种、有半野生血缘的品种各聚成1类,揭示了福建省栽培大豆品种间的亲缘关系,同时还反映出品种间关系与地理起源有一定的相关.     

Effects of Temperature Acclimation Pretreatment on the Ultrastructure of Mesophyll Cells in Young Grape Plants （Vitis vinifera L. cv. Jingxiu） Under Cross-Temperature Stresses

Leaves from annual young grape plants （Vitis vinifera L. cv. Jingxiu） were used as experimental materials. The ultrastructural characteristics of mesophyll cells in chilling-treated plants after heat acclimation （HA） and in heat-treated plants after cold acclimation （CA） were observed and compared using transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that slight injury appeared in the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells after either HA （38℃ for 10 h） or CA （8℃ for 2.5 d）, but the tolerance to subsequent extreme temperature stress was remarkably improved by HA or CA pretreatment. The increases in membrane permeability and malondialdehyde concentration under chilling （0℃） or heat （45℃） stress were markedly inhibited by HA or CA pretreatment. The mesophyll cells of plants not pretreated with HA were markedly damaged following chilling stress. The chloroplasts appeared irregular in shape, the arrangement of the stroma lamellae was disordered, and no starch granules were present. The cristae of the mitochondria were disrupted and became empty. The nucleus became irregular in shape and the nuclear membrane was digested. In contrast, the mesophyll cells of HA-pretreated plants maintained an intact ultrastructure under chilling stress. The mesophyll cells of control plants were also severely damaged under heat stress. The chloroplast became round in shape, the stroma lamellae became swollen, and the contents of vacuoles formed clumps. In the case of mitochondria of control plants subjected to heat stress, the outer envelope was digested and the cristae were disrupted and became many small vesicles. Compared with cellular organelles in control plants, those in CA plant cells always maintained an integrated state during whole heat stress, except for the chloroplasts, which became round in shape after 10 h heat stress. From these data, we suggest that the stability of mesophyll cells under chilling stress can be increased by HA pretreatment. Similarly, CA pretreatment can protect chloroplasts, mitochondria, and the nucleus against subsequent heat stress; thus, the thermoresistance of grape seedlings was improved. The results obtained in the present study are the first, to our knowledge, to offered cytological evidence of cross-adaptation to temperature stresses in grape plants.