Frequent duplication and deletion events in the 5S RNA genes and the associated spacer regions of theTriticeae

The 5 S DNA units from 15 grasses in theTriticeae were analysed at the DNA sequence level. Four units carried duplications near the 3-end of the 5 S RNA gene with 3 of the duplications centred on the same base pairs as a duplication previously reported byGerlach & Dyer. The fourth duplication was located 3 downstream from the gene, in the spacer region. Apparent deletions were very frequent when units of the different grasses were compared and it was clear that these deletions did not extend into a 75 bp spacer region upstream from the 5 S RNA gene. This 75 bp region also tended to be more conserved between the grasses as compared to the high level of sequence change in the rest of the spacer region. — Phenetic relationships were established between the grasses using the sequence data. The relationships were generally consistent with the data from other parameters and, in addition, showed that two Australian grasses were closely related to the other Northern hemisphere genera examined. The data concerning the Australian grasses is discussed in relation to the isolated nature of Australia.     

锰重组钙调蛋白水质子弛豫速率的研究

钙调蛋白(CaM)是一种多功能调节蛋白,它含有4个Ca~(2+)结合域.晶体研究表明所有Ca~(2+)都与主链氧原子及酸性残基侧链氧原子配位,但Ca~(2+)的配位层中是否有水分子存在尚未确定.木文利用核磁共振技术,以Mn~(2+)为探针,通过测定水质子的核磁弛豫速率T_(1P)_(-1)建立了有关Ca~(2+)配位层中水分子数目的模型,该模型指出Cam中高、低亲和位上Ca~(2+)结合水的能力不同,高亲和位上Ca~(2+)的配位层中没有水分子存在,而低亲和位上Ca~(2+)配位层中含两个水分子.     

脑室注射6-羟多巴胺对黄鼠冬眠入眠的影响

采用脑室内注射化学去交感药物6-羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)的方法,观察了人为地降低脑内去甲肾上腺素(NE)系统活动对达乌尔黄鼠入眠的影响。结果表明:脑室注射100-200μg6-OHDA使脑内NE含量减少50％以上,明显促进黄鼠入眠,平均入眠诱导期比自然冬眠动物明显缩短,整个冬眠季内冬眠时间延长,冬眠黄鼠仍具有正常的入眠觉醒周期。这些结果提示脑内NE系统活动水平降低是触发动物入眠的重要因素之一。     

康定虫草主要寄主斜脉蝠蛾的研究

冬虫夏草是一味名贵的中药材.四川康定虫草的主要寄主斜脉蝠蛾翅面色斑多变异,可区分成“黑白斑”和“黄毛斑”两大色斑型.经交配试验和成虫形态特征(触角、口器、翅脉、前足、雌雄外生殖器和鳞片的超微结构等)的观察,证明为同一种,经鉴定是斜脉蝠蛾(Hepialus oblifurcus Chu et Wang)^**.     

高翔蜉属一新种：蜉蝣目：扁蜉蝣科

本文记述采自湖南省大庸市高翔蜉属一新种。该种以其阳茎叶外侧面具有一向前弯曲的钩状突起为显著特征,可区别于本属其他种类。     

Cu~(2+),Cu~(2+)/Vit C对亚油酸过氧化起动机理的ESR研究

本文直接用亚油酸为材料,利用ESR自旋捕集技术和紫外分光技术,分别检测了脂质过氧化反应过程中产生的中间自由基产物L·和共轭二烯结构,对Cu~(2+),Cu~(2+)/Vit C起动脂质过氧化反应的机理进行了研究。结果表明:Vit C自由基,Cu~(2+),Cu~+都不能起动纯的亚油酸的过氧化;Cu~(2+),Cu~+可以使含有部分过氧化成份的亚油酸继续氧化。     

肾上腺皮质激素对心房钠尿肽基因表达的促进作用

给完整的及切除肾上腺的雌性 Wistar 大鼠分別注射地塞米松、去氧皮质酮或地塞米松加去氧皮质酮;冷酚法提取心房总 RNA,用α-~(32P)标记的大鼠心房肽 cDNA 探针与之杂交。完整大鼠接受地塞米松和切除肾上腺后接受地塞米松加去氧皮质酮的大鼠,心房肽基因转录产物增加2倍,其余组无显著变化。结果提示糖皮质激素可促进心房肽基因表达,但此作用依赖于盐皮质激素的同时存在,单纯盐皮质激素不能增强该基因的表达。     

消炎痛及PGF_(2α)对在体培养人子宫内膜出血的影响

利用甾体激素撤退方法造成移植在地鼠颊囊内人子宫内膜出血的动物模型,研究消炎痛和PGF_(2a)对内膜出血的作用。结果表明,注射三种不同剂量消炎痛并不能完全抑制内膜出血,但对内膜出血时间有延缓作用。用两种不同剂量的PGF_(2a)采取缓慢释放给药方法,虽然地鼠在给药后外周血液中PGF_(2a)水平比给药前显著增高,但内膜出血并不出现在撤退甾体激素之前。结果提示,PGF_(2a)对内膜血管破裂无直接作用,而纤溶活性变化可能是触子宫内膜出血更直接的原因。     

Quantal Response of Seed Germination in Brachiaria humidicola, Echinochloa turnerana, Eragrostis tef and Panicum maximum to Photon Dose for the Low Energy Reaction and the High Irradiance Reaction

Various daily photon doses (daily net number of photons perunit area), provided by varying both photon flux density andphotoperiod, were applied to dormant seed populations of fourgraminaceous species tested for germination in alternating-temperatureregimes on filter papers moistened with either water or a solutionof potassium nitrate. In all four species germination was dependentupon daily photon dose, the product of photon flux density andduration, and quantified by linear relations between the probitof percentage germination and the logarithm of the daily photondose determined by probit analysis. Photon flux density andphotoperiod only influenced germination indirectly as factorsof daily photon dose, except in Echinochloa turnerana (Domin)J.M. Black at high daily photon doses where lower germinationwas observed in continuous light than in 8 h d^–1 photoperiod.The low energy reaction, in which increasing dose promotes seedgermination, was observed in Echlnochloa turnerana and Eragrostistef(Zucc.) Trotter but not in the populations of Brachiariahumidicola (Rendle) Schwcickerdt and Panicum maximum Jacq. usedin this study. The high irradiance reaction, in which increasingthe photon dose reduces germination, was, however, observedin all four species. In Eragrostis tef potassium nitrate influencedthe response of seed germination to light, but in the remainingspecies its influence on this relationship was either additive(Panicum maximum) or nil (Brachiaria humidicola and Echinochloaturnerana) in the alternating-temperature regimes used in thisstudy. The implications of the quantal response to photon dosefor devising optimal light regimes to be applied in laboratorytests intended to maximize seed germination are discussed. Key words: Light, seed germination, seed dormancy, grasses     

食蟹猴疟原虫晚期卵囊、成孢子细胞与子孢子扫描电镜观察

本研究对实验感染食蟹猴疟原虫后9、10和14天的斯氏按蚊阳性蚊胃,进行扫描电镜观察。晚期(分化的)卵囊表面呈现凹凸不平皱褶。成孢子细胞体常呈圆球形或椭圆形,表面光滑,子孢子芽从其表面长出。子孢子体细长,稍弯曲,体表光滑;虫体前部较细,顶端稍平,后部稍粗,末端钝圆。本文对成孢子细胞不同发育阶段的形态予以较详细描述,对子孢子出囊方式做了初步讨论。