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51.
52.
Anthony Dobi Susana B. Bravo Bryan Veeren Beatriz Paradela-Dobarro Ezequiel Álvarez Olivier Meilhac 《Free radical research》2019,53(2):150-169
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) trigger multiple metabolic disorders in the vessel wall that may in turn lead to endothelial dysfunction. The molecular mechanisms by which AGEs generate these effects are not completely understood. Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of deleterious effects that occur in endothelium during diabetes. Our main objectives were to further understand how AGEs contribute to reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in endothelial cells and to evaluate the protective effect of an antioxidant plant extract. The human endothelial cell line EA.hy926 was treated with native or modified bovine serum albumin (respectively BSA and BSA-AGEs). To monitor free radicals formation, we used H2DCF-DA, dihydroethidium (DHE), DAF-FM-DA and MitoSOX Red dyes. To investigate potential sources of ROS, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and mitochondrial inhibitors were used. The regulation of different types of ROS by the polyphenol-rich extract from the medicinal plant Doratoxylon apetalum was also studied for a therapeutic perspective. BSA-AGEs exhibited not only less antioxidant properties than BSA, but also pro-oxidant effects. The degree of albumin glycoxidation directly influenced oxidative stress through a possible communication between NADPH oxidase and mitochondria. D. apetalum significantly decreased intracellular hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions mainly detected by H2DCF-DA and DHE respectively. Our results suggest that BSA-AGEs promote a marked oxidative stress mediated at least by NADPH oxidase and mitochondria. D. apetalum plant extract appeared to be an effective antioxidant compound to protect endothelial cells. 相似文献
53.
α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶产生菌的微波诱变 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为获得α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶的高产突变株,以产α-ALDC的枯草芽孢杆菌3226—5为出发菌株进行了诱变处理。经过微波(小火)物理诱变得到3株高产正突变株W181、W184、W195,经过多次传代实验,表明W181、W195是稳定的突变株。突变株W195的α-ALDC相对酶活(OD522)由出发菌株的0.35提高到0.617,提高了76%,突变株W181提高了66.9%。 相似文献
54.
Julio Álvarez Andrés Perez Sergio Marqués Javier Bezos Anna Grau Maria Luisa de la Cruz Beatriz Romero Jose Luis Saez Maria del Rosario Esquivel Maria del Carmen Martínez Olga Mínguez Lucía de Juan Lucas Domínguez 《BMC veterinary research》2014,10(1):1-10
Background
Despite great effort and investment incurred over decades to control bovine tuberculosis (bTB), it is still one of the most important zoonotic diseases in many areas of the world. Test-and-slaughter strategies, the basis of most bTB eradication programs carried out worldwide, have demonstrated its usefulness in the control of the disease. However, in certain countries, eradication has not been achieved due in part to limitations of currently available diagnostic tests. In this study, results of in-vivo and post-mortem diagnostic tests performed on 3,614 animals from 152 bTB-infected cattle herds (beef, dairy, and bullfighting) detected in 2007–2010 in the region of Castilla y León, Spain, were analyzed to identify factors associated with positive bacteriological results in cattle that were non-reactors to the single intradermal tuberculin test, to the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) assay, or to both tests applied in parallel (Test negative/Culture + animals, T-/C+). The association of individual factors (age, productive type, and number of herd-tests performed since the disclosure of the outbreak) with the bacteriology outcome (positive/negative) was analyzed using a mixed multivariate logistic regression model.Results
The proportion of non-reactors with a positive post-mortem result ranged from 24.3% in the case of the SIT test to 12.9% (IFN-γ with 0.05 threshold) and 11.9% (95% CI 9.9-11.4%) using both tests in parallel. Older (>4.5 years) and bullfighting cattle were associated with increased odds of confirmed bTB infection by bacteriology, whereas dairy cattle showed a significantly lower risk. Ancillary use of IFN-γ assay reduced the proportion of T-/C + animals in high risk groups.Conclusions
These results demonstrate the likelihood of positive bacteriological results in non-reactor cattle is influenced by individual epidemiological factors of tested animals. Increased surveillance on non-reactors with an increased probability of being false negative could be helpful to avoid bTB persistence, particularly in chronically infected herds. These findings may aid in the development of effective strategies for eradication of bTB in Spain. 相似文献55.
祁连山西段草地土壤温度、水分变化特征 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
研究土壤水热要素对合理预测祁连山气候变化特征及建立气候预警系统有重要意义。采用18套土壤温、湿度自动记录仪(HOBOU30)对祁连山西段草地进行3a连续定位监测,旨在探索分析该区土壤水热变化特征,阐明土壤水热互作效应及耦合机制。表明:1)冷期(1—3、11—12月)占全年的42%,暖期(4—10月)占58%;7月前土壤均温随月份增大而增大,月份增大1月土壤均温增大3.53℃,水分增大3.23%;7月后随月份增大而减小,月份增大1月土壤均温降低4.73℃,水分下降2.55%。2)日变化16:00前土壤均温为7.45℃,水分为16.26%,16:00后均温为9.1℃,水分为16.79%,16:00后比前均温高1.65℃,水分高0.54%。3)土温、水分与海拔均呈线性正相关,前者差异显著(P0.05),后者不显著(P0.05)。4)土温逐层(0—120 cm)平均递增0.07℃,水分递减0.58%;土温与土层深度呈显著线性正相关(P0.05,R2=0.99),水分呈显著线性负相关(P0.05,R2=0.97)。5)该区土温与水分呈显著线性负相关。因此,祁连山西段草地土温变幅较小,水分变幅大,两者在空间上变化均呈二次函数,时间上均呈一次函数。 相似文献
56.
Alice B.M. Lanne Alice Goode Charlotte Prattley Divya Kumari Mette Ryun Drasbek Paul Williams Raquel Conde-Álvarez Ignacio Moriyón Boyan B. Bonev 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》2019,1861(1):83-92
Nisin is a lanthionine antimicrobial effective against diverse Gram-positive bacteria and is used as a food preservative worldwide. Its action is mediated by pyrophosphate recognition of the bacterial cell wall receptors lipid II and undecaprenyl pyrophosphate. Nisin/receptor complexes disrupt cytoplasmic membranes, inhibit cell wall synthesis and dysregulate bacterial cell division. Gram-negative bacteria are much more tolerant to antimicrobials including nisin. In contrast to Gram-positives, Gram-negative bacteria possess an outer membrane, the major constituent of which is lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This contains surface exposed phosphate and pyrophosphate groups and hence can be targeted by nisin. Here we describe the impact of LPS on membrane stability in response to nisin and the molecular interactions occurring between nisin and membrane-embedded LPS from different Gram-negative bacteria. Dye release from liposomes shows enhanced susceptibility to nisin in the presence of LPS, particularly rough LPS chemotypes that lack an O-antigen whereas LPS from microorganisms sharing similar ecological niches with antimicrobial producers provides only modest enhancement. Increased susceptibility was observed with LPS from pathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae compared to LPS from enteropathogenic Salmonella enterica and gut commensal Escherichia coli. LPS from Brucella melitensis, an intra-cellular pathogen which is adapted to invade professional and non-professional phagocytes, appears to be refractory to nisin. Molecular complex formation between nisin and LPS was studied by solid state MAS NMR and revealed complex formation between nisin and LPS from most organisms investigated except B. melitensis. LPS/nisin complex formation was confirmed in outer membrane extracts from E. coli. 相似文献
57.
为探索硫醇乙酰基转移酶(mycothiol acetyltransferase,MshD)在结核分枝杆菌中的生物学特性,本实验利用噬菌体为载体的同源重组技术,构建结核分枝杆菌mshD基因敲除株、mshD基因回补株,用实时定量聚合酶链反应(real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RT-qPCR)对所构建的菌株进行验证。分别收集H37Ra野生株、mshD基因敲除株、mshD基因回补株对数生长期菌液各5 mL, 离心收集菌体并培养,以观察菌落形态、生物膜形成及生长曲线测定;用5 mmol/L H2O2、0.05% SDS,50 ℃热激及低氧条件下分别处理基因敲出菌株和野生菌株,将菌液进行10倍梯度稀释,培养4~6周后检测抗胁迫能力并计算存活率。结果显示, 与野生株H37Ra相比,mshD基因敲除株菌落褶皱减少且菌落偏小,生长趋势较为缓慢;生物膜形成所需时间增长且褶皱明显减少;抗逆能力下降,存活率略低于野生株和回补株。揭示了mshD基因对结核分枝杆菌的生长具有重要作用,为进一步揭示该基因的功能和作用机制奠定了基础。 相似文献
58.
59.
研究大蒜素重要活性成分二烯丙基二硫(Diallyl disulfide,DADS)对荷S180肉瘤小鼠的辐射增敏效应。利用X射线对荷瘤小鼠全身辐照。测量肿瘤体积、重量;检测肿瘤组织中细胞凋亡及Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3等凋亡因子的表达。同时测定了DADS对S180细胞增殖及细胞内活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的影响。结果显示:与对照组、单纯药物组及单纯辐照组相比,DADS联合辐照组小鼠的肿瘤体变小、重量减轻(P<0.01);肿瘤组织中TUNEL阳性细胞增多(P<0.01);Bax、caspase-3表达增强,而Bcl-2表达减弱。此外,DADS引起了S180细胞内大量ROS的产生。结果提示DADS对荷S180肉瘤小鼠具有辐射增敏效应,其机制与上调Bax、Caspase-3、下调Bcl-2表达及诱导肿瘤细胞产生ROS有关。 相似文献
60.
MARIA JOSÉ ASINS IRENE VILLALTA MOHAMED M. ALY RAQUEL OLÍAS PAZ ÁLVAREZ DE MORALES RAÚL HUERTAS JUN LI NOELIA JAIME‐PÉREZ ROSARIO HARO VERÓNICA RAGA EMILIO A. CARBONELL ANDRÉS BELVER 《Plant, cell & environment》2013,36(6):1171-1191
The location of major quantitative trait loci (QTL) contributing to stem and leaf [Na+] and [K+] was previously reported in chromosome 7 using two connected populations of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of tomato. HKT1;1 and HKT1;2, two tomato Na+‐selective class I‐HKT transporters, were found to be closely linked, where the maximum logarithm of odds (LOD) score for these QTLs located. When a chromosome 7 linkage map based on 278 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was used, the maximum LOD score position was only 35 kb from HKT1;1 and HKT1;2. Their expression patterns and phenotypic effects were further investigated in two near‐isogenic lines (NILs): 157‐14 (double homozygote for the cheesmaniae alleles) and 157‐17 (double homozygote for the lycopersicum alleles). The expression pattern for the HKT1;1 and HKT1;2 alleles was complex, possibly because of differences in their promoter sequences. High salinity had very little effect on root dry and fresh weight and consequently on the plant dry weight of NIL 157‐14 in comparison with 157‐17. A significant difference between NILs was also found for [K+] and the [Na+]/[K+] ratio in leaf and stem but not for [Na+] arising a disagreement with the corresponding RIL population. Their association with leaf [Na+] and salt tolerance in tomato is also discussed. 相似文献