骨髓淋巴细胞的分离

目的:探讨骨髓淋巴细胞的分离方法。方法:对18例疑似血液病患者,分别抽取骨髓0.2ml,参照淋巴细胞分离步骤来分离骨髓淋巴细胞,并且对骨髓细胞进行活力检测,分别观察骨髓淋巴细胞的形态及计算骨髓淋巴细胞的活力。结果:骨髓淋巴细胞外形呈圆形或椭圆形、边缘整齐,胞浆量很少,似裸核,胞质如可见,呈淡蓝色,一般无颗粒;胞核圆形或有小切迹,染色质聚集成大块状,结构紧密,结块边缘不清楚,染紫红色;镜下观察发现骨髓淋巴细胞的活力>95%。结论:Ficoll分离液可以对骨髓淋巴细胞进行分离,将为成熟淋巴细胞的研究以及其在炎症性疾病中的发病机制及治疗提供一个新的思路。     

A deficient TLR2 signaling promotes airway mucin production in Mycoplasma pneumoniae-infected allergic mice

The original hygiene hypothesis suggests that early childhood respiratory infections preceding allergen exposure may decrease the prevalence of allergic diseases. We have recently demonstrated that Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection preceding allergen exposure reduced allergic responses in mice. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective role of M. pneumoniae in allergic responses, particularly airway mucin production, remain unclear. Wild-type and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-deficient mice with a respiratory M. pneumoniae infection preceding allergen (ovalbumin) challenge were utilized to determine the regulatory role of TLR2-IFN-gamma signaling pathway in airway mucin expression. Furthermore, air-liquid interface cultures of mouse primary tracheal epithelial cells were performed to examine the effects of IFN-gamma on mucin expression. In wild-type mice, M. pneumoniae infection preceding allergen challenge significantly reduced airway mucins but increased IFN-gamma. In sharp contrast, in TLR2-deficient mice, M. pneumoniae preceding allergen challenge resulted in increased mucin protein without a noticeable change of IFN-gamma. In cultured mouse primary tracheal epithelial cells, IFN-gamma was shown to directly inhibit mucin expression in a dose-dependent manner. Our study demonstrates for the first time that a respiratory M. pneumoniae infection preceding allergen challenge reduces airway epithelial mucin expression in part through TLR2-IFN-gamma signaling pathway. A bacterial infection in asthmatic subjects with weakened TLR2-IFN-gamma signaling may result in an exaggerated airway mucin production.     

中国灌木辣椒种质农艺性状鉴定与疫病抗性评价

为科学评价中国灌木辣椒种质,选取有代表性的8份辣椒材料,开展了中国灌木辣椒农艺性状鉴定和疫病抗性分析。结果表明:中国灌木辣椒长势强,株高均在1.0 m以上,叶片阔大,花瓣白绿色;果实直立向上,单果质量在0.51~2.04 g之间,平均为1.26 g;果实辣椒素与二氢辣椒素含量之和在565.00~1821.00 mg/kg,平均为1328.33mg/kg,是一年生辣椒B9431的407倍;对疫霉菌抗性水平表现为中抗至高抗,其中,海南野生灌木辣椒H108表现高抗。基于表型数据的主成分分析将中国灌木辣椒与一年生辣椒及美洲灌木辣椒有效区分开来。本研究结果为中国灌木辣椒优异基因的发掘和有效利用提供了理论参考。     

稀土元素对植物的生物效应及其作用机理

综述了稀土元素对植物根系发育、生物量、品质和抗逆性的影响.适量稀土浓度可促进植物生长,提高种子萌发能力和根系发育,提高植物生物量,并改善植物果实的品质.施用适量稀土元素还可以增强植物的抗逆性并且对一些植物病害有一定防治作用.介绍了植物对稀土元素的吸收特性和稀土元素在植物体内的含量、分布、存在形式及细胞定位.重点探讨了稀土元素对植物光合作用、叶绿素形成、植物吸收营养元素、稀土元素与钙相关性和稀土元素对细胞膜及酶的作用机理,内容包括稀土元素可提高植物叶绿素含量,增强光合效率,从而增加植物生物量.适量的稀土元素能够促进植物对营养元素的吸收、转化和利用.稀土元素有类似钙的功能,可置换出酶中的钙离子而参与酶的反应.稀土离子可以维持细胞膜的透性和稳定性,提高膜的保护功能,增强植物对不良环境的抵御能力.最后,对稀土元素的研究前景进行了展望.     

Regulation of developmental and environmental signaling by interaction between microtubules and membranes in plant cells

Cell division and expansion require the ordered arrangement of microtubules, which are subject to spatial and temporal modifications by developmental and environmental factors. Understanding how signals translate to changes in cortical microtubule organization is of fundamental importance. A defining feature of the cortical microtubule array is its association with the plasma membrane; modules of the plasma membrane are thought to play important roles in the mediation of microtubule organization. In this review, we highlight advances in research on the regulation of cortical microtubule organization by membrane-associated and membrane-tethered proteins and lipids in response to phytohormones and stress. The transmembrane kinase receptor Rho-like guanosine triphosphatase, phospholipase D, phosphatidic acid, and phosphoinositides are discussed with a focus on their roles in microtubule organization.     

灯盏花产黄酮内生放线菌筛选及产黄酮能力的初步研究

通过黄酮类物质特异颜色反应和可见分光光度法,筛选产黄酮的灯盏花内生放线菌,研究灯盏花产黄酮内生放线菌在PDA、高氏1号和淀粉3种培养基上的产黄酮能力。结果表明:59株灯盏花内生放线菌中,8株菌的镁粉+浓盐酸、氯化铝、浓氨水3种颜色反应均成阳性,能够产生黄酮。形态学观察初步鉴定这8株菌均为链霉菌属(Streptomyces)。3种培养基中,在PDA培养基上灯盏花产黄酮内生放线菌的菌丝体生物量、黄酮含量和产量较高。8株灯盏花产黄酮内生放线菌中,菌株RA′1-7生长较好,菌株ELA′3-2和RA2-1菌丝体黄酮含量较高,菌株ELA′3-2菌丝体黄酮产量较高。     

急性呼吸窘迫综合征新生儿肠道菌群特征及其对免疫功能的影响

研究急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)新生儿肠道菌群特征及其对免疫功能的影响。

采用前瞻性研究方法, 以我院2017年1月至2021年1月诊断的新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征患儿120例作为研究对象, 其中轻度患儿39例, 中度患儿45例, 重度患儿36例, 另选取同期出生的健康新生儿120例作为对照组, 收集患儿的粪便样本并保存于厌氧菌稀释液, 使用MRS琼脂培养基、KF琼脂培养基、马丁培养基检测肠道双歧杆菌、肠球菌、乳杆菌以及真杆菌的数量, 比较各类患儿肠道菌群、免疫指标的差异。

观察组患儿肠道双歧杆菌(t=16.217, P < 0.001)、肠球菌(t=10.677, P < 0.001)、乳杆菌(t=8.326, P < 0.001)以及真杆菌(t=12.455, P < 0.001)数量显著低于对照组。轻度组、中度组以及重度组患儿肠道双歧杆菌(F=13.069, P < 0.001)、肠球菌(F=10.269, P < 0.001)、乳杆菌(F=12.036, P < 0.001)以及真杆菌(F=10.698, P < 0.001)数量之间的差异有统计学意义。患儿出生后第10天肠道乳杆菌[(8.37±0.53)lg CFU/g]、双歧杆菌[(9.89±1.61)lg CFU/g]、肠球菌[(7.903±2.12)lg CFU/g]以及真杆菌[(7.12±1.29)lg CFU/g]数量显著低于出生后第20天时的肠道乳杆菌[(8.99±0.31)lg CFU/g]、双歧杆菌[(10.62±2.64)lg CFU/g]、肠球菌[(8.51±2.28)lg CFU/g]以及真杆菌[(7.91±1.01)lg CFU/g]数量(均P < 0.05)。观察组患儿血清补体C3(t=14.183, P < 0.001)、补体C4(t=9.002, P < 0.001)、IgM(t=11.904, P < 0.001)、IgG(t=147.674, P < 0.001)水平显著低于对照组, 而IgA(t=13.874, P < 0.001)水平显著高于对照组。轻度组、中度组以及重度组患儿血清补体C3(F=11.369, P < 0.001)、补体C4(F=10.396, P < 0.001)、IgM(F=11.003, P < 0.001)、IgG(F=9.663, P < 0.001)、IgA(F=9.245, P < 0.001)之间的差异均有统计学意义。C3、C4、IgM、IgG水平从高到低依次为轻度组、中度组以及重度组。IgA水平从高到低依次为重度组、中度组以及轻度组。肠道双歧杆菌、肠球菌、乳杆菌以及真杆菌与C3、C4、IgM、IgG水平呈正相关, 与IgA水平呈负相关。

ARDS新生儿肠道菌群与免疫功能具有显著相关性, 未来可作为临床治疗的重要靶点之一。

     

Highly efficient reinforcement of poly-L-lactide materials by polymer blending of a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer

A novel polymer blend system consisting of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP: an aromatic polyester comprising poly(4-hydroxybenzoate) sequences) was investigated in the presence and absence of a polycabodiimide (PCD). Scanning electron micrographs of the injection-molded polymer blends revealed the formation of fibrous structure of LCP in the PLLA matrix, supporting the efficient toughening. In particular, the LCP fibrils became semimicrometer in diameter in the presence of PCD with which both PLLA and LCP had reacted during the melt blending to form their block and graft copolymers working as compatibilizer. The blend specimens containing LCP in 20-30 wt % were found to hold high dynamic storage-moduli (E') at high temperature. In addition, the E' value of the specimens containing 30 wt % of LCP reached 10.7 GPa at room temperature, being significantly higher than that of PLLA.     

北极浮冰生态学研究进展

近年来随着北极地区的开放和全球变化对北极地区生态环境和海冰现存量的影响日益显现,北极浮冰生态学研究得到了广泛的重视和实质性的进展.最新研究结果显示,浮冰本身包含了一个复杂的生物群落,高纬度浮冰生物群落的初级产量远高于原先的估算,浮冰生物群落在北极海洋生态系统中的作用被进一步确认.但由于对浮冰生物群落的研究受后勤保障条件的制约,目前尚有大量科学问题有待今后进一步深入研究,预期我国科学家将在其中做出贡献.     

增强p53、p21及抑制c-myc表达对MCF-7细胞增殖的协同抑制作用

为了探讨增强p53、p21基因表达水平和降低c-myc基因表达水平对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖的协同抑制作用,以及这些基因对细胞产生效应时的相互关系,本研究中首先构建了正义的p53、p21和反义的c-myc3种真核细胞表达载体,并根据析因实验设计三种载体不同剂量组合。按照组合用质粒转染细胞,然后对转染细胞的增殖抑制率进行检测,并采用金正均Q值法、单因素方差分析中的LSD法、聚类分析法等统计学方法对结果进行统计分析。结果显示,不同量的p53、p21反义c-myc对MCF-7细胞的增殖均有抑制作用,抑制的程度各基因间存在差异。在各基因组合中,p21与反义c-myc,p53与反义c-myc联用具有协同作用,对MCF-7细胞的增殖产生更强的抑制,而p53与p21之间未显示出协同作用。对三基因协同结果进行聚类分析后,发现第一类组合协同作用最明显,第九类组合的抑制率最高。由此推测,作为抑癌基因的p53或CDK抑制基因p21高表达,同时原癌基因c-myc表达受到抑制,可相互协同显著增强对MCF-7细胞增殖的抑制作用。