渗透胁迫对高粱根中K~+累积的刺激作用

本工作中发现,2,4—二硝基酚(DNP)可有效地洗去高粱根中的K~+,从而提高了测定和比较K~+累积量的显示度和准确性,渗透胁迫下,高粱根中K~+的累积量比对照增加高达6.7倍;同时,组织的H~+分泌明显受到促进,动力学研究表明,经PEG胁迫的高粱根对K~+的亲和力显著增强。对照:K_m=9.25mmol/L,V_m=23.6μmolg~(-1)DW min~(-1);PEG处理者:K_m=27.25μmol/L,V_m=14.71μmolg~(-1)DW min~(-1).地上部的存在有利于 K~+的吸收。渗透胁迫所促进的K~+吸收可被亚胺环己酮(CHM)完全抑制,这一结果暗示渗透胁迫诱导的K~+吸收的增加依赖于蛋白质的诱导合成,本文讨论了K~+吸收增强的可能机理。     

依赖叶黄素循环的非辐射能量耗散在防御珊瑚树叶片光抑制破坏中的作用

使用脉冲调制荧光仪观测了珊瑚树叶片光合作用的光抑制发生与恢复过程中几个主要荧光参数(初始荧光F_0,可变荧光与最大荧光之比F_v/F_M和非光化学荧光猝灭q_E及其快组分 q_(E—fast)、慢组分 q(E—slow))的变化,以探讨非光化学荧光猝灭不同组分的作用。 强光(约 1500μmol photons m~(-2) s~(-1))照射叶片使F_0、F_V/F_M和q_(E—fast)降低.q_(E—slow)和q_E增高。NH_4Cl处理使 F_V/F_M降低的幅度和q_E提高的幅度都增加。DTT处理使q_E水平和q_(E—slow)增加的幅度降低,而F_0和稳态荧光水平增加,强光下降低了的F_V/F_M在弱光下不易恢复。NaF处理对这些荧光参数都没有明显的影响。     

组织器官通讯对骨骼肌发育的作用及调控机制研究进展

骨骼肌是动物机体最重要的器官之一,研究骨骼肌发育调控机制对于肌肉相关疾病的诊断以及家畜肉质的改善都有着重要意义。骨骼肌发育调控是一个复杂的过程,受到大量肌肉分泌因子和信号通路的调节。此外,为了维持体内代谢稳态并最大限度地利用能量,机体协调多个组织器官形成了复杂而又精密的代谢调控网络,对于调控骨骼肌发育也发挥着重要的作用。随着组学技术的发展,人们对于组织器官通讯的潜在机制进行了深入研究。本文综述了脂肪组织、神经组织、肠道等组织器官通讯对于骨骼肌发育的影响,以期为靶向调控骨骼肌发育提供理论基础。     

PCR-mediated screening and labeling of DNA from clones

A simplified and economical protocol for DNA library screening and nonradioactive labeling is described. Bacterial clones are lysed in 1% of Triton X-100 and subjected to polymerase chain reaction in the presence of digoxigenin-11-dUTP to screen and simultaneously to label the DNA inserts. Bacteriallysates are stable in storage at −20°C and can be used repeatedly for PCR-mediated labeling. In this protocol, very low concentrations of dNTP, digoxigenin-dUTP, and primers are used in combination with a reduced reaction volume. This will considerably reduce the expense of screening and labeling bacterial clones and facilitate the exchange of DNA probes among laboratories.     

云南省耿马佛洞地遗址发掘简报

佛洞地遗址位于云南省临沧市耿马傣族佤族自治县勐简乡勐简村大军赛村民小组燕子洞,坐落于一处东南开口的二叠纪灰岩穿洞,南临南汀河。2016～2017年,临沧市文物管理所在公路考古调勘期间发现该遗址;为进一步认识滇西地区旧石器时代晚期文化,2017～2018年对该遗址开展考古发掘工作。发掘区域位于洞内第四台面到第五台面间,共发掘20 m²,出土了包括石制品、动植物化石等在内的大量遗物。初步地层年代学分析显示,遗址时代为距今18400～14000年,共包含3期连续文化,文化遗物以石制品为主,总数达到9735件。佛洞地遗址作为一处热带-亚热带生境下的史前遗址,为我们构建旧石器时代晚期滇西地区文化序列、探讨特定自然生态背景下史前人类的文化适应提供了重要参考。     

仿脑组织体模研究进展

仿脑组织体模是指可以有效模拟人脑组织形状、性质的等效材料组织或数字模型,可以在实验中代表人脑组织的某些生理特性从而达到特定的研究目标,根据其物理形态,通常可分为固体、液体、数字体模3类。仿脑组织体模具有安全经济,配置简单并且可重复使用的优势,被广泛应用于脑部疾病诊断、系统安全性评估等研究。本文就仿脑组织体模的分类、物理特性和脑科学研究应用3方面进行论述,在阐述当前仿脑组织体模与真实脑组织存在一定性质差异的同时也说明其在替代真实脑组织实验上有良好的应用前景。     

Role of calcium in differentiation of murine erythroleu-kemia cells

Calcium plays a crucial role in the normal and abnomal cell metabolism.The role of calcium in the differentiation process of murine erythroleukemia cells(MELC)remains controversial.Here,based upon quantitative measurement of fluorescence in single cells,a method was developed to investigate the intracellular free calcium[Ca^2 ]i concentration and DNA contents simultaneously,by employing the fluorescent probe,fluo-3 acetoxymethyl ester and DNA dye Hoechst 33342.During MELC differentiation.[Ca^2 ]i concentration incresed.We also demonstrated that calcium ionophore,A23187,enhanced the HMB-induced MELC differentiation,while verapamil,an inhibitor of calcuim uptake,slightly reduced differentiation.These results suggested that an increase in the [Ca^2 ]i level was an essential step in HMBA-induced MELC differentiation.     

变黄黑文衣,中国黑文衣属地衣一新记录种

通过对文字衣科黑文衣属形态学、解剖学、化学与分子生物学的研究,发现中国新记录种1种,即变黄黑文衣(Phaeographis flavescens Dal-Forno&Eliasaro),该种主要特征为地衣体壳状,表面浅黄绿色,无光泽,光滑;子囊盘弯曲,多分支,聚生于假子座中;盘缘黑色,相邻线盘之间有小缝隙,盘面较平坦,黑色,覆有白色粉霜;子囊层无色透明,侧丝顶端分支;子囊含8个子囊孢子;子囊孢子褐色,横隔透镜型,(4～)6胞室,大小19～25.5μm×6～7μm,I+紫红色。该种分布于云南和福建,该研究丰富了对中国黑文衣属物种组成与分布的认知。     

New Isopropyl Chromone and Flavanone Glucoside Compounds from the Leaves of Syzygium cerasiforme (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry and Their Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production

A new isopropyl chromone ( 1 ) and a new flavanone glucoside ( 2 ) together with eleven known compounds ( 3–13 ) were isolated from the leaves of Syzygium cerasiforme (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry. Their structures were elucidated as 5,7-dihydroxy-2-isopropyl-6,8-dimethyl-4H-chromen-4-one ( 1 ), 5,7-dihydroxyflavanone 7-O-β-D-(6′′-O-galloylglucopyranoside) ( 2 ), strobopinin ( 3 ), demethoxymatteucinol ( 4 ), pinocembrin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 5 ), (2S)-hydroxynaringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 6 ), afzelin ( 7 ), quercetin ( 8 ), kaplanin ( 9 ), endoperoxide G3 ( 10 ), grasshopper ( 11 ), vomifoliol ( 12 ), litseagermacrane ( 13 ) by the analysis of HR-ESI-MS, NMR, and CD spectral data. Compounds 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 and 10 inhibited NO production on LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells with IC₅₀ values of 12.28±1.15, 8.52±1.62, 7.68±0.87, 9.67±0.57, and 6.69±0.34 μM, respectively, while the IC₅₀ values of the other compounds ranging from 33.38±0.78 to 86.51±2.98 μM, compared to that of the positive control, N^G-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate (L-NMMA) with an IC₅₀ value of 32.50±1.00 μM.