载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ通过PKA信号途径影响ABCA1的表达与功能

以THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞为研究对象,观察载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ与三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1(ATP binding cassette transporter A1,ABCA1)的相互作用,并探讨它们相互作用的机制,以便了解载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ和ABCA1在动脉粥样硬化发生发展中的作用.THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞经各种因素处理后,采用油红“O”染色,观察细胞内的脂滴,运用液体闪烁计数器检测细胞内胆固醇流出,高效液相色谱分析细胞内总胆固醇、游离胆固醇和胆固醇酯含量,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应和蛋白质印迹分析法分别检测ABCA1 mRNA与ABCA1蛋白质的水平.实验结果显示,载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ和腺苷酸环化酶激动剂Forskolin(FRK)引起THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞总胆固醇、游离胆固醇与胆固醇酯减少,而腺苷酸环化酶抑制剂SQ-22536引起THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞总胆固醇、游离胆固醇与胆固醇酯增加.载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ引起THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞ABCA1蛋白质水平和细胞内胆固醇流出增加.FRK引起THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞ABCA1蛋白质水平和细胞内胆固醇流出呈时间和浓度依赖性增加.SQ-22536引起THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞ABCA1蛋白质水平和细胞内胆固醇流出减少.结果提示,载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ可提高THP-1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞ABCA1蛋白质水平,增加细胞内胆固醇流出,降低细胞内胆固醇聚积.其机制可能是通过PKA信号途经使细胞ABCA1蛋白质水平增加.     

Long-term hydraulic acclimation to soil texture and radiation load in cotton

The concept of root contact hypothesizes that the absorbing roots grown in sandy soil are only partially effective in water uptake. Co-ordination of water supply and demand in the plant requires that the capacity for water uptake from the soil should correspond to an operational rate of water loss from the leaves. To examine how the plant hydraulic system responds to variations in soil texture or evaporative demand through long-term acclimation, an experiment was carried on cotton plants (Gossypium herbaceum L.), where three grades of soil texture and three grades of evaporative demand were applied for the whole life cycle of the plants. Plants were harvested 50 and 90 d (fully grown) after sowing and root length and leaf area measured. At 90 d hydraulic conductance was measured as the ratio of sap flow (measured with sap flow sensors or gravimetrically) and water potential. Results showed that for plants grown at the same evaporative demand, those in sandy soil, where root-specific hydraulic conductance was low, developed more absorbing roots than those grown in heavy-textured soil, where root specific conductance was high. This resulted in the same leaf specific hydraulic conductance (1.8 × 10⁻⁴ kg s⁻¹ Mpa⁻¹ m⁻²) for all three soils. For plants grown in the same sandy soil, those subjected to strong evaporative demand developed more absorbing roots and higher leaf-specific hydraulic conductance than those grown under mild evaporative demand. It is concluded that when soil texture or atmospheric evaporative demand varies, plants co-ordinate their capacities for liquid phase and vapour phase water transport through long-term acclimation of the hydraulic system, or plastic morphological adaptation of the root/leaf ratio.     

Distribution and linkage disequilibrium analysis of polymorphisms of <Emphasis Type="Italic">GH1</Emphasis> gene in different populations of pigs associated with body size

Growth hormone (GH) has been considered as a candidate gene for growth and body size in pigs. In this study, polymorphisms of the GH1 gene were evaluated for associations with body size traits in 190 pig individuals. Seventeen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in GH1 gene of the large pig breeds and miniature pig breeds using direct sequencing and genotyped by allele-specific PCR approach. Notably, six (g.237A>G, g.283T>C, g.309A>G, g.318A>G, g.540A>G and g.544A>G) of them were significantly associated with body size, of which three loci (g.283T>C, g.309A>G, g.318A>G) located in the signal-peptide coding region of GH1 gene compose a CGG haplotype for large pigs and TAA haplotype for miniature pigs (P< 0.001), two loci (g.540A>G and g.544A>G) located in the second intron of GH1 gene compose a GG haplotype for large pigs and AA haplotype for miniature pigs (P< 0.001). Our results demonstrate that these SNPs in GH1 gene are associated with the body size of pigs providing genetic basis for pig breeding with the improved economic benefits.     

福建畲族的红细胞血型分布The

本文报道了父母双方上溯三代均为畲族的123名健康人的9个红细胞血型系统的分布。其表型分布如下：ABO血型系统：A型34人,B型26人,O型57人,AB型6人。MNSs血型系统：MNSs型5人,MMSs型5人,NNSs型1人, MMss型32人,MNss型62人,NNss型18人。未发现SS型。Rh血型系统：CCDee型44人,CcDee型9人,CCDEe型5人, CcDEe型55人,ccDEe型2人,ccDEE型8人,未发现ccDee、CCDEE型及CcDEE型。Duffy血型系统：Fy(a+b-)型115人,Fy(a+b+)型8人,未发现Fy(a-b+)及Fy(a-b-)型。 Kidd血型系统：Jk(a+b-)型49人,Jk(a+b+)型43人,Jk(a+b+)型43人,Jk(a-b+)型31人,未发现Jk (a-b-)型。Lutheran血型系统: Lu(a-b+) 型123人,未发现Lu(a+b-)及Lu(a+b+)型。Diego血型系统：Di(a+)型13人,Di(a-)型110人。P血型系统：P1(+)型38人,P1(-)型85人。Lewis血型系统：Le(a+b-)型16人,Le(a+b+)型9人,Le(a-b+)型91人,Le(a-b-)型7人。     

水稻数量性状的多元遗传分析

随着电子计算机技术的发展和普及、,多元 分析在植物遗传育种领域中已显示了广阔的应 用前景。在植物遗传育种工作中,常常需要研 究众多的数量性状,这些数量性状较易受环境 条件的影响,并且它们之间的关系错综复杂,若 只定性的描述或用简单的统计分析方法常常不 能揭示其遗传规律,而用多元统计的方法对众 多的数量性状进行多元遗传分析,则可眯收到 良好的效果。、从六十年代起国外学者就开始重 视多元遗传分析的研究,并有大量的文献报道。 如Moil‘等竺用多元分析的方法研究玉米品种 间的遗传差异和杂种优势;Ram等【107和Maurya 等[s7用多元遗传分析研究水稻品种间的遗传差 异。但该项研究在国内开展的较迟。1979年 刘来福等‘17报道了对50个冬小麦品种聚类分 析的研究结果后,多元遗传分析开始在国内受 到广泛重视。徐静斐、汪路应t31曾用主成分分析 和聚类分析的方法预测水稻的杂种优势;汤陵 华、沈锦华［141曾用聚类分析的方法研究水稻品 种间的遗传差异。     

New Sesquiterpene from Michelia yunnanensis

A new sesquiterpene, 12,13-di-acetoxyl-l ,4,6,11-eudesmanetetol 1, together with six known com-pounds, was isolated from Michelia yunnanensis. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral means.     

Succession of the Floras in Xizang during Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene and Neogene

This paper mainly deals with the Upper Cretaecous-Paleogene and the Neogene floras of Xizang. In 1974–1976. the Scientific Expedition Party of Academia Sinica discovered some fossilbearing beds from the Rikaze Group of Angreg district, the Jiuwu Formation of Douga district and the Menchi Formation of the Gandis Mountains. From these beds, leaf impressions of Eucalyptus angusta, E. geinitzi, E. oblongifolia, Ficus daphnoycnoides, F. stepheuseni, F. myrtifolia, Cassia fayattensis, C. marshalensis, Celastrus minor, Quereus orbicularis, Rhamnus menshigensis, Juglandites sinutus, Phrynium tibeticum Cyperacites of. haydenii and Typha sp. were obtained. Of which the genus Eucalyptus appears to be predominant. The geological age of this flora is assigned to Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene. It indicates that during this time the flora is mainly composed of evergreen broad-leaved trees thriving under a hot and wet climate. Fossils obtained from the Ye-Ma-Gou Formation of Gandis Mountains mainly consist of Populus balsamoides, P. latior, P. glandulifera, Salix sp. and Leguminosites sp. The age of this flora is assigned to Miocene, the fossils indicate that by that time deciduous broad-leaved trees were flourishing in that area. The Miocene of the Wulong Formation consists of Quercus semicarpifotia, Q. pannosa, Q. senscens, Q. spathulata, and some species of Thuja, Sabiua, Spiraca, Carpinus, Betula and Rhododendron the flora is mainly composed of evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved trees and along with some conifers, and was thriving under a cooler and arid climate. This flora is quite different from the previous one which caused by the uplift of the Himalayas. The composition of this flora is very similar to the Neogene flora of Yunnan which indicates that at that time Xizang and Yunnan probable belong to the same floristic province. The discovery of Eucalyptus in Xizang shows that the climate of Xizang during Upper Cretaeeous-Paleogene was much warmer than that of Tibet at present. It also shows that this genus which now flourishes in Australia may originate from the northern hemisphere.     

茜草乔木酮乙和丙的结构

从小红参（Ｒｕｂｉａｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）中分离鉴定了２个新的乔木烷型三萜,分别命名为茜草乔木酮乙和丙（ｒｕｂｉａｒｂｏｎｏｎｅＢ,Ｃ）。用光谱和化学方法证明它们的结构分别为：７β,１９α,２８－三羟基乔木－９（１１）－烯－３－酮和２８－乙酰氧基－７β,１９α－二羟基乔木－９（１１）－烯－３－酮。