Effects of two treatments on semen from different bulls on in vitro fertilization results of bovine oocytes

The semen of six different bulls was used to examine the effects of treatment with caffeine or caffeine plus Ca-ionophre on in vitro fertilization, cleavage and development into morulae of in vitro matured bovine oocytes. In vitro fertilization results (formation of both pronuclei, cleavage and development to >/= four-cell stage were significantly (P<0.01) higher using caffeine plus Ca-ionophre than those using only caffeine. The rates of fertilization and first cleavage were only slightly variable among the bulls. However, the present data showed significant variability in formation of both pronuclei (36 to 75%) of fertilized ova and development to the >/=4cell stage (39 to 71%) by different bulls. Development into morulae of ova recovered from the rabbit oviduct did not show any significant differences in relation to sperm treatments or individual bulls.     

Kinesins in the spindle: an update

Eukaryotes contain a superfamily of microtubule-based motor proteins comprising kinesin and a number of related proteins that are thought to participate in various forms of intracellular motility, including cell division and organelle transport. The role of various members of the kinesin superfamily in chromosome segregation and spindle morphogenesis was described in TCB last year in parts of a series on cytoplasmic motor proteins. In this brief update, Helen Epstein and Jon Scholey comment on new findings that have improved our understanding of the functions of kinesin-related proteins in mitosis and meiosis.     

染色体辐射效应的微机检测 Ⅱ断片率 微核率与细胞畸变率间的相关性检测

本文继前文后,按照设计的线性回归程序在“IBM—PC/XT”微型计算机上,进一步检测了断片率、微核率与细胞畸变率之间的相关性,肯定了微核测定法,断片测定法可以替代染色体畸变分析法。     

耐酸性银合欢根瘤菌的选育和研究

银合欢是热带及亚热带木本豆科作物,它生长迅速成材快而且固氮力高,其叶又是极好的饲料及有机肥料。银合欢树枝燃烧能产生大量的热和少量的烟及灰,是很好的烧柴。银合欢还是高级纸浆和纤维工业的原料。银合欢有广泛的用途,因此世界上对银合欢普遍很重视,有人称之为“奇迹树”。银合欢根系上长着大量根瘤,据估计,银合欢每年每亩可提供     

介绍一种新型酶制剂——β-淀粉酶

天津市工业微生物研究所研制的β-淀粉酶,从1983年研制成功后,于1984年在河北省武清县建厂试生产,即建成了我国第一个β-淀粉酶工厂,并生产了商品酶制剂,酶活力高,至今已形成年产近100吨酶制剂的生产能力。β-淀粉酶是较好的糖化剂,可用于制造饴糖、麦芽糖、麦芽糖醇、麦芽糊精、醋,以及酿造新型啤酒、白酒等已在天津新华食品厂和河     

Bioengineering of photosynthetic membranes. Requirement of magnesium for the conversion of chlorophyllide a to chlorophyll a during the greening of etiochloroplasts in vitro

The massive conversion of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) and the massive conversion of chlorophyllide a (Chlide a) to chlorophyll a (Chl a) are two essential conditions for the ALA-dependent assembly of photosynthetic membranes in vitro. In this work, we describe the development of a cell-free system capable of the forementioned biosynthetic activities at rates higher than in vivo, for the first 2 h of dark-incubation. The cell-free system consisted of (1) etiochloroplasts prepared from kinetin and gibberellic-acid-pretreated cucumber cotyledons, and (2) cofactors and additives described elsewhere and which are needed for the massive conversion of ALA to Pchlide, (3) high concentrations of ATP, MgCl(2), and an isoprenol alcohol such as phytol, were required for the massive conversion of Chlide a to Chl a. An absolute and novel requirement of Mg(2+) for the conversion of Chlide a to Chl a was also demonstrated. In addition to the role of phytol as a substrate for the conversion of Chlide a to Chl a, the data suggested that this alcohol may also be involved in the regulation of the reactions between ALA and Pchlide. It is proposed that during greening, the conversion of Chlide a to Chl a may follow different biosynthetic rates, having different substrate and cofactor requirements, depending on the stage of plastid development.     

用氨基酸自动分析仪测定牛磺酸

<正> 牛磺酸抗癫痫、降低血压,抗心律失常及脑发育和渗透压调节中的作用,最近令人关注。牛黄、全蝎、原蚕子等抗癫痫的中药中都含有牛磺酸,过去测定牛磺酸的含量多用薄层层析法,较为麻烦、费时,而且分析精度、准确性也较低。我们用日立835型氨     

Enzymatic hydrolysis of n-substituted met-tRNA(M) and met-tRNA(F)

By addition of 1-(14)C-sodium acedate to the growth medium of Nocardia asteroides, it can be shown that the lipid content increases during the exponential phase, but does not vary during the stationary phase of the growth. Nocardic acid biosynthesis from the medium molecular weight fatty acids occurs chiefly during te stationary phase. As these compounds are localised in the cell walls, it becomes evident that the lipid envelope of the walls is still increasing when the cell growth and division have stopped.