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排序方式: 共有113条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
Roderic DM Page 《BMC bioinformatics》2007,8(1):158
Background
TreeBASE is currently the only available large-scale database of published organismal phylogenies. Its utility is hampered by a lack of taxonomic consistency, both within the database, and with names of organisms in external genomic, specimen, and taxonomic databases. The extent to which the phylogenetic knowledge in TreeBASE becomes integrated with these other sources is limited by this lack of consistency. 相似文献72.
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease with different combinations of genetic alterations driving its development in different individuals. We introduce CoMEt, an algorithm to identify combinations of alterations that exhibit a pattern of mutual exclusivity across individuals, often observed for alterations in the same pathway. CoMEt includes an exact statistical test for mutual exclusivity and techniques to perform simultaneous analysis of multiple sets of mutually exclusive and subtype-specific alterations. We demonstrate that CoMEt outperforms existing approaches on simulated and real data. We apply CoMEt to five different cancer types, identifying both known cancer genes and pathways, and novel putative cancer genes.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0700-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献73.
Galens K Orvis J Daugherty S Creasy HH Angiuoli S White O Wortman J Mahurkar A Giglio MG 《Standards in genomic sciences》2011,4(2):244-251
The Institute for Genome Sciences (IGS) has developed a prokaryotic annotation pipeline that is used for coding gene/RNA prediction and functional annotation of Bacteria and Archaea. The fully automated pipeline accepts one or many genomic sequences as input and produces output in a variety of standard formats. Functional annotation is primarily based on similarity searches and motif finding combined with a hierarchical rule based annotation system. The output annotations can also be loaded into a relational database and accessed through visualization tools. 相似文献
74.
Background
Asthma is characterized by type 2 T-helper cell (Th2) inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, airway hyperreactivity, and airway fibrosis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2) and its receptor, CCR2, have been shown to play important roles in the development of Th2 inflammation. CCR2-deficient mice have been found to have altered inflammatory and physiologic responses in some models of experimental allergic asthma, but the role of CCR2 in contributing to inflammation and airway hyperreactivity appears to vary considerably between models. Furthermore, MCP-1-deficient mice have not previously been studied in models of experimental allergic asthma.Methods
To test whether MCP-1 and CCR2 are each required for the development of experimental allergic asthma, we applied an Aspergillus antigen-induced model of Th2 cytokine-driven allergic asthma associated with airway fibrosis to mice deficient in either MCP-1 or CCR2. Previous studies with live Aspergillus conidia instilled into the lung revealed that MCP-1 and CCR2 play a role in anti-fungal responses; in contrast, we used a non-viable Aspergillus antigen preparation known to induce a robust eosinophilic inflammatory response.Results
We found that wild-type C57BL/6 mice developed eosinophilic airway inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, airway hyperreactivity, elevations in serum IgE, and airway fibrosis in response to airway challenge with Aspergillus antigen. Surprisingly, mice deficient in either MCP-1 or CCR2 had responses to Aspergillus antigen similar to those seen in wild-type mice, including production of Th2 cytokines.Conclusion
We conclude that robust Th2-mediated lung pathology can occur even in the complete absence of MCP-1 or CCR2. 相似文献75.
Background
The NCBI taxonomy provides one of the most powerful ways to navigate sequence data bases but currently users are forced to formulate queries according to a single taxonomic classification. Given that there is not universal agreement on the classification of organisms, providing a single classification places constraints on the questions biologists can ask. However, maintaining multiple classifications is burdensome in the face of a constantly growing NCBI classification. 相似文献76.
77.
Gass G. C.; Camp E. M.; Nadel E. R.; Gwinn T. H.; Engel P. 《Journal of applied physiology》1988,64(6):2265-2271
This study investigated the rectal (Tre), esophageal (Tes), and skin (Tsk) temperature changes in a group of trained traumatic paraplegic men pushing their own wheelchairs on a motor-driven treadmill for a prolonged period in a neutral environment. There were two experiments. The first experiment (Tre and Tsk) involved a homogeneous group (T10-T12/L3) of highly trained paraplegic men [maximum O2 uptake (VO2max) 47.5 +/- 1.8 ml.kg-1.min-1] exercising for 80 min at 60-65% VO2max.Tre and Tsk (head, arm, thigh, and calf) and heart rate (HR) were recorded throughout. O2 uptake (VO2), minute ventilation (VE), CO2 production (VCO2), and heart rate (HR) were recorded at four intervals. During experiment 1 significant changes in HR and insignificant changes in VCO2, VE, and VO2 occurred throughout prolonged exercise. Tre increased significantly from 37.1 +/- 0.1 degrees C (rest) to 37.8 +/- 0.1 degrees C after 80 min of exercise. There were only significant changes in arm Tsk. Experiment 2 involved a nonhomogeneous group (T5-T10/T11) of active paraplegics (VO2max 39.9 +/- 4.3 ml.kg-1.min-1) exercising at 60-65% VO2max for up to 45 min on the treadmill while Tre and Tes were simultaneously recorded. Tes rose significantly faster than Tre during exercise (dT/dt 20 min: Tes 0.050 +/- 0.003 degrees C/min and Tre 0.019 +/- 0.005 degrees C/min), and Tes declined significantly faster than Tre at the end of exercise. Tes was significantly higher than Tre at the end of exercise. Our results suggest that during wheelchair propulsion by paraplegics, Tes may be a better estimate of core temperature than Tre. 相似文献
78.
Cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase in humans, mice, and voles and phylogenetic analysis of the enzyme family 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Nekrutenko A; Hillis DM; Patton JC; Bradley RD; Baker RJ 《Molecular biology and evolution》1998,15(12):1674-1684
In this study, we report cDNA sequences of the cytosolic NADP-dependent
isocitrate dehydrogenase for humans, mice, and two species of voles
(Microtus mexicanus and Microtus ochrogaster). Inferred amino acid
sequences from these taxa display a high level of amino acid sequence
conservation, comparable to that of myosin beta heavy chain, and share
known structural features. A Caenorhabditis elegans enzyme that was
previously identified as a protein similar to isocitrate dehydrogenase is
most likely the NADP-dependent cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme
equivalent, based on amino acid similarity to mammalian enzymes and
phylogenetic analysis. We also suggest that NADP-dependent isocitrate
dehydrogenases characterized from alfalfa, soybean, and eucalyptus are most
likely cytosolic enzymes. The phylogenetic tree of various isocitrate
dehydrogenases from eukaryotic sources revealed that independent gene
duplications may have given rise to the cytosolic and mitochondrial forms
of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase in animals and fungi. There
appears to be no statistical support for a hypothesis that the
mitochondrial and cytosolic forms of the enzyme are orthologous in these
groups. A possible scenario of the evolution of NADP-dependent isocitrate
dehydrogenases is proposed.
相似文献
79.
80.
Impaired calcium pump function does not slow relaxation in human skeletal muscle after prolonged exercise 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Booth John; McKenna Michael J.; Ruell Patricia A.; Gwinn Tom H.; Davis Glen M.; Thompson Martin W.; Harmer Alison R.; Hunter Sandra K.; Sutton John R. 《Journal of applied physiology》1997,83(2):511-521
Booth, John, Michael J. McKenna, Patricia A. Ruell, Tom H. Gwinn, Glen M. Davis, Martin W. Thompson, Alison R. Harmer, Sandra K. Hunter, and John R. Sutton. Impaired calcium pump function doesnot slow relaxation in human skeletal muscle after prolonged exercise.J. Appl. Physiol. 83(2): 511-521, 1997.This study examined the effects of prolonged exercise on humanquadriceps muscle contractile function and homogenate sarcoplasmicreticulum Ca2+ uptake andCa2+-adenosinetriphosphataseactivity. Ten untrained men cycled at 75 ± 2% (SE) peak oxygenconsumption until exhaustion. Biopsies were taken from theright vastus lateralis muscle at rest, exhaustion, and 20 and 60 minpostexercise. Peak tension and half relaxation time of the leftquadriceps muscle were measured during electrically evoked twitch andtetanic contractions and a maximal voluntary isometric contraction atrest, exhaustion, and 10, 20, and 60 min postexercise. At exhaustion,homogenate Ca2+ uptake andCa2+ adenosinetriphosphataseactivity were reduced by 17 ± 4 and 21 ± 5%, respectively, andremained depressed after 60 min recovery (P 0.01). Muscle ATP, creatinephosphate, and glycogen were all depressed at exhaustion(P 0.01). Peak tension during a maximal voluntary contraction, a twitch, and a 10-Hz stimulation werereduced after exercise by 28 ± 3, 45 ± 6, 65 ± 5%,respectively (P 0.01), but noslowing of half relaxation times were found. Thus fatigue induced byprolonged exercise reduced muscleCa2+ uptake, but this did notcause a slower relaxation of evoked contractions. 相似文献