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71.
Abscisic acid deficiency increases defence responses against Myzus persicae in Arabidopsis 下载免费PDF全文
Melissa S. Hillwig Mariana Chiozza Clare L. Casteel Siau Ting Lau Jessica Hohenstein Enrique Hernández Georg Jander Gustavo C. MacIntosh 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2016,17(2):225-235
Comparison of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) gene expression induced by Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) feeding, aphid saliva infiltration and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment showed a significant positive correlation. In particular, ABA‐regulated genes are over‐represented among genes that are induced by M. persicae saliva infiltration into Arabidopsis leaves. This suggests that the induction of ABA‐related gene expression could be an important component of the Arabidopsis–aphid interaction. Consistent with this hypothesis, M. persicae populations induced ABA production in wild‐type plants. Furthermore, aphid populations were smaller on Arabidopsis aba1‐1 mutants, which cannot synthesize ABA, and showed a significant preference for wild‐type plants compared with the mutant. Total free amino acids, which play an important role in aphid nutrition, were not altered in the aba1‐1 mutant line, but the levels of isoleucine (Ile) and tryptophan (Trp) were differentially affected by aphids in wild‐type and mutant plants. Recently, indole glucosinolates have been shown to promote aphid resistance in Arabidopsis. In this study, 4‐methoxyindol‐3‐ylmethylglucosinolate was more abundant in the aba1‐1 mutant than in wild‐type Arabidopsis, suggesting that the induction of ABA signals that decrease the accumulation of defence compounds may be beneficial for aphids. 相似文献
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73.
Xanthomonas campestris attenuates virulence by sensing light through a bacteriophytochrome photoreceptor 下载免费PDF全文
74.
Outcrossing potential between 11 important genetically modified crops and the Chilean vascular flora 下载免费PDF全文
Miguel A. Sánchez Pablo Cid Humberto Navarrete Carlos Aguirre Gustavo Chacón Erika Salazar Humberto Prieto 《Plant biotechnology journal》2016,14(2):625-637
The potential impact of genetically modified (GM) crops on biodiversity is one of the main concerns in an environmental risk assessment (ERA). The likelihood of outcrossing and pollen‐mediated gene flow from GM crops and non‐GM crops are explained by the same principles and depend primarily on the biology of the species. We conducted a national‐scale study of the likelihood of outcrossing between 11 GM crops and vascular plants in Chile by use of a systematized database that included cultivated, introduced and native plant species in Chile. The database included geographical distributions and key biological and agronomical characteristics for 3505 introduced, 4993 native and 257 cultivated (of which 11 were native and 246 were introduced) plant species. Out of the considered GM crops (cotton, soya bean, maize, grape, wheat, rice, sugar beet, alfalfa, canola, tomato and potato), only potato and tomato presented native relatives (66 species total). Introduced relative species showed that three GM groups were formed having: a) up to one introduced relative (cotton and soya bean), b) up to two (rice, grape, maize and wheat) and c) from two to seven (sugar beet, alfalfa, canola, tomato and potato). In particular, GM crops presenting introduced noncultivated relative species were canola (1 relative species), alfalfa (up to 4), rice (1), tomato (up to 2) and potato (up to 2). The outcrossing potential between species [OP; scaled from ‘very low’ (1) to ‘very high’ (5)] was developed, showing medium OPs (3) for GM–native relative interactions when they occurred, low (2) for GMs and introduced noncultivated and high (4) for the grape‐Vitis vinifera GM–introduced cultivated interaction. This analytical tool might be useful for future ERA for unconfined GM crop release in Chile. 相似文献
75.
Gustavo A. Santa Cruz 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2016,21(2):135-139
Aim
to present the most important aspects of Microdosimetry, a research field in radiation biophysics.Background
microdosimetry is the branch of radiation biophysics that systematically studies the spatial, temporal and spectral aspects of the stochastic nature of the energy deposition processes in microscopic structures.Materials and Methods
we briefly review its history, the people, the formalism and the theories and devices that allowed researchers to begin to understand the true nature of radiation action on living matter.Results and Conclusions
we outline some of its applications, especially to Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, attempting to explain the biological effectiveness of the boron thermal neutron capture reaction. 相似文献76.
77.
Ferreira Matheus M. de Oliveira Gustavo F. Basso Rodrigo C. Mendes Adriano A. Hirata Daniela B. 《Bioprocess and biosystems engineering》2019,42(10):1647-1659
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - This study aimed to optimize free fatty acid production by enzymatic hydrolysis of cottonseed, olive and palm kernel oils in stirred-tank reactors using a... 相似文献
78.
Alejandro Prado Ángel Gaitán Mario Leonor Marta Manzano Eduardo Cabello Raúl Díaz Alejandro Ferrando Ana Milanés Gustavo Pozo 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2019,24(2):227-232
AimTo assess the performance of the monitor unit (MU) Objective tool in Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS) utilizing volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for rectal cancer.BackgroundEclipse VMAT planning module includes a tool to control the number of MUs delivered: the MU Objective tool. This tool could be utilized to reduce the total number of MUs in rectal cancer treatments.Materials and methods20 rectal cancer patients were retrospectively studied using VMAT and the MU Objective tool. The baseline plan for each patient was selected as the one with no usage of the MU Objective tool. The number of MUs of this plan was set to be the reference number of MUs (MUref). Five plans were re-optimized for each patient only varying the Max MU parameter. The selected values were 30%, 60%, 90%, 120% and 150% of MUref for each patient. Differences with respect to the baseline plan were evaluated regarding MU number and parameters for PTVs coverage evaluation, PTVs homogeneity and OARs doses assessment. A two-tailed, paired-samples t-test was used to quantify these differences.ResultsAverage relative differences in MU number obtained was 10% for Max MU values of 30% and 60% of MUref, respectively (p < 0.03). PTVs coverage and homogeneity were not compromised and discrepancies obtained with respect to baseline plans were not significant. Furthermore, maximum OARs doses deviations were also not significant.ConclusionsA 10% reduction in the MU number could be obtained without an alteration of PTV coverage and OARs doses for rectal cancer. 相似文献
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Amin Soltangheisi Paul J. A. Withers Paulo Sergio Pavinato Maurício Roberto Cherubin Raffaella Rossetto Janaina Braga Do Carmo Gustavo Casoni da Rocha Luiz Antonio Martinelli 《Global Change Biology Bioenergy》2019,11(12):1444-1455
Phosphorus (P) use in global food and bioenergy production needs to become more efficient and sustainable to reduce environmental impacts and conserve a finite and critical resource (Carpenter & Bennett, Environmental Research Letters, 2011, 6, 014009; Springmann et al., Nature, 2018, 562, 519). Sugarcane is one crop with a large P footprint because production is centered on P‐fixing soils with low P availability (Roy et al., Nature Plants, 2016, 2, 16043; Withers et al., Scientific Reports, 2018, 8, 2537). As global demand for processed sugar and bioethanol continues to increase, we advocate that improving P efficiency could become a key sustainability goal for the sugarcane industry. Here, we applied the 5R global P stewardship framework (Withers et al., Ambio, 2015, 44, 193) to identify more sustainable options to manage P in Brazilian sugarcane production. We show that current inputs of P fertilizer to the current crop area could be reduced by over 305 Gg, or 63%, over the next three decades by reducing unnecessary P fertilizer use, better utilization of recyclable bioresources and redesigning recommendation systems. Adoption of these 5R options would save the sugarcane industry in Brazil 528 US$ million and help safeguard global food and energy security. 相似文献