湘中、湘东地区早籼稻耐土壤潜育性评价

我国南方稻区的主要低产稻田是潜育性稻田,约有一亿亩。挖掘其“潜在生产力”,种植耐潜育性土壤逆境胁迫能力较强的水稻品种,则是简便、经济而有效的重要途径之一。本文就几个早籼稻品种(组合)对潜育性稻田的生态适应性进行了较系统的观测,并初步提出了耐潜育性的几个鉴定指标,诸如根系生长量和幼穗分化期根系氧化力;分蘖早期茎蘖增长速率;分蘖后期单株干物质产量;乳熟期剑叶片过氧化氢酶活性GDI和光合强度等。上述鉴定指标,综合应用于水稻品种生态适应性和耐潜育性育种研究,有助于提高水稻抗逆性育种的效率。     

Effects of inoculation of a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium <Emphasis Type="Italic">Burkholderia</Emphasis> sp. D54 on plant growth and metal uptake by a hyperaccumulator <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sedum alfredii</Emphasis> Hance grown on multiple metal contaminated soil

Batch experiments were designed to characterize a multiple metal resistant bacterium Burkholderia sp. D54 isolated from metal contaminated soils in the Dabaoshan Mine in South China, and a follow-up experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of inoculating the isolate on plant growth and metal uptake by Sedum alfredii Hance grown on soils collected from a heavily contaminated paddy field in Daxing County, Guangxi Zhuang Automounous Region, Southwest China. Our experiments showed that strain D54 produced indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and solubilizing inorganic phosphate and solubilized insoluble metal bearing minerals. Bacterial inoculation significantly enhanced S. alfredii biomass production, and increased both shoot and root Cd concentration, but induced little variation in root/shoot Pb concentration and shoot Zn concentration. Despite this, the total shoot and root uptake of Cd, Pb and Zn in S. alfredii inoculated with D54 increased greatly compared to the non-inoculated controls. It was concluded that inoculation with strain D54 could help S. alfredii grow better on metal contaminated soils, produce more biomass, and remove more metals from soil, which implies improved efficiency of phytoextraction from metal contaminated soil. The knowledge gained from the present experiments constitutes an important advancement in understanding of the interaction between plant growth-promoting bacteria and hyperaccumulators with regard to plant ability to grow and remove the multiple heavy metals from soils.     

23例1型糖尿病初发患儿免疫学改变与胰岛β细胞功能的关系

目的：观察1型糖尿病（T1DM）初发患儿细胞免疫与胰岛β细胞功能之间的关系。方法：T1DM组23例初发患儿均测定淋巴细胞亚群（T细胞、B细胞及NK细胞）、HbA1c、INS、C-P,正常对照组20例,测定淋巴细胞亚群。结果：T1DM组CD4、CD4/CD8较正常对照组升高（P〈0.05）;CD8、CD3-CD56＋较对照组降低（P〈0.05）;CD4/CD8比值与HbA1c呈正相关（r=0.9451,P〈0.01）,而与INS呈负相关（r=-0.1020,P〈0.01）,与C-P呈负相关（r=-0.6174,P〈0.01）;CD3-CD56＋与HbA1c呈正相关（r=0.1320,P〈0.01）,而与INS呈正相关（r=-0.0846,P〈0.01）,与C-P呈负相关（r=-0.3224,P〈0.01）。结论：T1DM初发患者CD4、CD4/CD8明显增高,CD8、CD3-CD56＋明显降低,提示细胞免疫功能改变与胰岛β细胞功能损伤密切相关。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhizobium sphaerophysae</Emphasis> sp. nov., a novel species isolated from root nodules of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sphaerophysa salsula</Emphasis> in China

Four gram-negative, aerobic, motile, non-spore, forming rods with a wide pH and temperature range for growth (pH 7.0–11.0, optimum pH 8.0; 20–45°C, optimum 28°C) strains were isolated from root nodules of Sphaerophysa salsula and characterized by means of a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the four strains formed a new lineage related to the genus Rhizobium and the sequence similarities between the isolate and the most related type strain Rhizobium giardinii was 96.5%. These strains also formed a distinctive group from the reference strains for defined Rhizobium species based on housekeeping gene sequences (atpD and recA), BOX-PCR fingerprinting, phenotypic features and symbiotic properties. The representative strain CCNWGS0238^T has DNA-DNA relatedness of less than 33.4% with the most closely related species R. giardinii. It is therefore proposed as a new species, Rhizobium sphaerophysae sp. nov., with isolate CCNWGS0238^T (=ACCC17498^T = HAMBI3074^T) as the type strain.     

短序与阔叶十大功劳化学组分及小檗碱含量的FTIR比较研究

为快速评价短序与阔叶十大功劳不同部位化学成分差异,本研究运用FTIR采集短序和阔叶十大功劳不同部位的红外光谱并比较短序与阔叶十大功劳不同部位盐酸小檗碱含量差异.研究结果显示,生物碱、黄酮和丁香酯等化学成分,短序十大功劳根、茎及叶片中均较阔叶十大功劳丰富,但是,多糖和苷类含量在两种十大功劳根中相当,在茎和叶片中均以阔叶十大功劳含量高,尤其是叶片中这种差异更明显.最后,与盐酸小檗碱标准品比较发现,2种十大功劳中盐酸小檗碱含量均以茎中最高,叶片中含量最低;2种十大功劳比较各部位盐酸小檗碱含量均以短序十大功劳中高.故运用FTIR技术可以快速找出2种十大功劳化学成分的差异,本研究结果将为十大功劳属植物资源合理开发利用及良种选育提供参考.     

牦牛MC1R基因的克隆测序及其分析研究

以麦洼牦牛、斯布牦牛、天祝牦牛和九龙牦牛为研究对象,对黑色素皮质素受体1(Melanocortin receptor I,MCIR)基因编码区进行了克隆测序及分析.结果表明,牦牛的MC1R基因编码区全长954 bp,编码317个氨基酸:4个牦牛品种间及与普通牛间在MC1R基因的编码区内共有13个碱基差异,无碱基的插入和缺失现象,编码蛋白共有9个氨基酸差异.MC1R蛋白为亲水性蛋白,无信号肽,有糖基化位点和7个跨膜区.系统进化分析显示,麦洼牦牛与斯布牦牛的MC1R基因相似性最近.本研究结果时今后开展MC1R基因与牦牛毛色性状的相关性分析以及牦牛的毛色遗传机理、基因定位、基因表达调控等研究具有重要的意义.     

The δA isoform of calmodulin kinase II mediates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by interfering with the HDAC4-MEF2 signaling pathway

Aquaporin 0 (AQP0) is a lens-specific protein comprising more than 30% of lens membrane protein content and is a member of the aquaporin family. Water permeates through AQP0 much more slowly than other aquaporin family members, and other compounds, such as glycerol, also permeate AQP0. In the lens, ascorbic acid (AA) is found at high concentrations, protecting the lens from photochemical events such as photo-oxidation. The aim of the present study was to clarify the function of AQP0. Mouse fibroblast L-cells stably expressing AQP0 were established and incubated in medium containing AA, and intracellular AA levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol (DCPIP) analysis. Intracellular AA levels in AQP0-expressing cells quickly rose and reached saturation 10 min after incubation in medium containing 1000 μM AA. In contrast, AA levels in cells slowly decreased when AA was washed out from the medium. Cells overexpressing AQP0 increased the cellular uptake of AA in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. These data suggest that AA as well as water permeates AQP0.AQP0 expression on Xenopus oocyte membranes was achieved by the injection of AQP0 cRNA into oocytes that were incubated in medium containing AA. Intracellular AA levels were then measured by HPLC. AA uptake was demonstrated in the AQP0-expressing oocytes and was shown to quickly reach saturation. Intracellular AA concentration in oocytes increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.The data in the present study show that AA permeates AQP0, reveal the role of AQP0 in AA permeability ex vivo, and also indicate that there is a difference between the import and export of AA via AQP0. These findings suggest that AQP0 plays an important role in controlling lens AA content.     

Comparative Analysis of Endogenous Hormones and Metabolite Profiles in Early-Spring Flowering Plants and Unflowered Plants Revealing the Strategy of Blossom

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation - Early-spring plants are a special type of plant that complete their life cycle promptly in cold, early spring. Very little effort has been made into researching...