Factors Influencing Formation of Sclerotia in Grifola umbellate （Pers.） Pilaet Under Artificial Conditions

The effects of substrate composition and temperature on myceilal growth and sclerotium production in Grlfola umbellate （Pers.） Pilaet were Investigated In the present study. The Induction of sclerotla of G. umbellate was affected greatly by the type of medium, as well as the type of carbon source. Malt-extract agar was able to induce the production of sclerotia. The production of sclerotia was also observed when the carbon source in the GPC agar medium （glucose 20 g/L, peptone 6 g/L, corn steep liquor 10 g/L, and agar 15 g/L） was replaced with glycerol or mannitol. Altering the composition of the GPC medium with milk powder, thiamine hydrochlorlde, extract of Armlllarla mellea, active clay, dlatomite, kaolin, or arginlne did not induce the production of sclerotla. A temperature range of 18-25 ℃ was suitable for both mycellai growth and sclerotium formation. Glycerol significantly Induced slerotium formation on nutrient supplemented with sawdust substrates In bottle culture. 24S-Polyporusterone A and polyporusterone B were assayed In samples of natural and cultured sclerotla. Both natural and cultured sclerotla contained 24S- polyporusterone A and polyporusterone B.     

Effects of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on serum uric acid in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review with an indirect comparison meta-analysis

To describe the effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on serum uric acid (SUA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched for randomized controlled trials of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with T2DM up to Aug 10, 2017, without language or date restrictions. Thirty-one studies totaling 13,650 patients were included. SGLT2 inhibitors significantly decreased SUA levels compared with placebo, canagliflozin WMD –37.02?μmol/L, 95% CI [–38.41, –35.63], dapagliflozin WMD –38.05?μmol/L, 95% CI [–44.47, –31.62], empagliflozin WMD –42.07?μmol/L, 95% CI [–46.27, –37.86]. The drug class effect of SUA reduction suggesting SGLT2 inhibitors might be beneficial for diabetic patients with hyperuricemia.     

Modification of alternative splicing in bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos using engineered CRISPR-Cas13d

Animal cloning can be achieved by somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT), but the resulting live birth rate is relatively low. We previously improved the efficiency of bovine SCNT by exogenous melatonin treatment or by overexpression of lysine-specific demethylase 4D(KDM4D) and 4E(KDM4E). In this study, we revealed abundant alternative splicing(AS) transitions during fertilization and embryonic genome activation, and demonstrated abnormal AS in bovine SCNT embryos compared with in vitro fertilized ...     

ITMSQ: A software tool for N‐ and C‐terminal fragment ion pairs based isobaric tandem mass spectrometry quantification

Tandem MS (MS2) quantification using the series of N‐ and C‐terminal fragment ion pairs generated from isobaric‐labelled peptides was recently considered an accurate strategy in quantitative proteomics. However, the presence of multiplexed terminal fragment ion in MS2 spectra may reduce the efficiency of peptide identification, resulting in lower identification scores or even incorrect assignments. To address this issue, we developed a quantitative software tool, denoted isobaric tandem MS quantification (ITMSQ), to improve N‐ and C‐terminal fragment ion pairs based isobaric MS2 quantification. A spectrum splitting module was designed to separate the MS2 spectra from different samples, increasing the accuracy of both identification and quantification. ITMSQ offers a convenient interface through which parameters can be changed along with the labelling method, and the result files and all of the intermediate files can be exported. We performed an analysis of in vivo terminal amino acid labelling labelled HeLa samples and found that the numbers of quantified proteins and peptides increased by 13.64 and 27.52% after spectrum splitting, respectively. In conclusion, ITMSQ provides an accurate and reliable quantitative solutionfor N‐ and C‐terminal fragment ion pairs based isobaric MS2 quantitative methods.     

滞育及不同虫态下亚洲玉米螟内参基因的筛选

筛选出滞育状态下以及不同虫态下亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)的实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)最稳定内参基因,本结果为研究不同虫态及滞育1个月,滞育2个月,滞育3个月和滞育4个月的亚洲玉米螟目的基因表达水平提供参考依据。本文以不同虫态及滞育状态下的亚洲玉米螟为试验材料,应用RT-qPCR技术检测β-actin,18S rRNA,EF1-α和RPS3共4个候选内参基因的表达稳定性水平,结合ge Norm,Normfinder,Best Keeper和Ref Finder软件分析各候选内参基因在不同处理下的表达稳定性。结果表明,在亚洲玉米螟不同虫态中,4个候选内参基因的稳定性大小排序为18S rRNAEF1-αβ-actinRPS3;滞育1个月,滞育2个月,滞育3个月和滞育4个月的亚洲玉米螟,稳定性大小排序为β-actinEF1-α18S rRNARPS3。18S rRNA和β-actin可分别作为不同虫态和滞育状态下的亚洲玉米螟基因表达水平分析试验中的内参基因。     

清得佳凝胶治疗烧伤创面的生物学作用

目的探讨清得佳凝胶治疗烧伤创面的效果及其意义。方法采用家兔皮肤创伤模型,将每只家兔的背部烧伤区域用2种不同颜色的记号笔分成二组:A组(n=9):为实验组(6个部位):常规方法清洁、消毒创口,使用清得佳凝胶涂抹;B组(n=9):为对照组(6个部位):使用常规的无菌敷料覆盖包扎创口。实验于第3、5、7、9天分别取各组皮肤组织进行切片,作组织病理学及免疫组织化学观察。结果1.HE观察结果:烧伤后第3天,A组与B组皮肤烧伤创面结构变化不明显;烧伤后第5天,A组表皮细胞变性坏死程度减轻,成纤维细胞增生,水肿减轻,而B组表皮细胞变性坏死减轻程度不明显,结缔组织胶原纤维变性坏死程度没有得到明显的改善;烧伤后第7天,A组表皮细胞生长良好,真皮组织水肿基本消失;而B组表皮细胞变性坏死程度开始出现减轻,可见部分上皮增生;烧伤后第9天,A组上皮及结缔组织结构基本接近正常,创面愈合情况较好。而B组以上结构出现改变,但愈合状况不是很理想,真皮组织轻、中度水肿,有少量的炎性细胞浸润。2.转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor β1,TGF-β1)的表达:烧伤后第3天和第5天,A组成纤维细胞胞浆中可见一些棕黄色颗粒,TGF-β1表达较强;B组成纤维细胞胞浆中未见或少见棕黄色颗粒,TGF-β1无表达或表达很弱。烧伤后第7天和第9天,A组成纤维细胞胞浆中可见密集分布的棕黄色颗粒,TGF-β1表达强;B组成纤维细胞胞浆中可见少量的棕黄色颗粒,TGF-β1表达弱。结论清得佳凝胶是一种烧伤创面良好的外用药,能清除创面坏死组织,有利于烧伤创面愈合。     

The genome of the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma

Marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) is considered to be a useful fish model for marine and estuarine ecotoxicology studies and has good potential for field‐based population genomics because of its geographical distribution in Asian estuarine and coastal areas. In this study, we present the first whole‐genome draft of O. melastigma. The genome assembly consists of 8,602 scaffolds (N50 = 23.737 Mb) and a total genome length of 779.4 Mb. A total of 23,528 genes were predicted, and 12,670 gene families shared with three teleost species (Japanese medaka, mangrove killifish and zebrafish) were identified. Genome analyses revealed that the O. melastigma genome is highly heterozygous and contains a large number of repeat sequences. This assembly represents a useful genomic resource for fish scientists.