Genetic analysis of hypertropic mutants of Phycomyces

A new class of Phycomyces behavioral mutants with enhanced tropic responses has been analyzed genetically to determine the number of genes involved and the nature of their expression. These hypertropic mutants carry pleiotropic nuclear mutations. Besides their effects on sensory behavior, they also affect morphology and meiotic processes. Behavioral analyses of heterokaryons containing hypertropic and wild-type nuclei in varying proportions show that the hypertropic mutations in strains L82, L84, L86, and L88 are strongly dominant. Conversely, the hypertropic mutations carried by the strains L83, L85, and L87 are strongly recessive. We performed recombination analyses between hypertropic mutants and mutants with diminished phototropism, affected in the seven genes madA to madG. We found no evidence of linkage between the hypertropic mutations and any of these mad mutations. From crosses, we isolated double mutants carrying hypertropic mutations together with madC (night blind) and madG (stiff) mutations. The behavioral phenotypes of the double mutants are intermediate between those of the parentals. Complementation analyses show that the three recessive hypertropic mutations affect the same gene, which we call madH. The expression of the recessive hypertropic allele becomes dominant in heterokaryons carrying madC and madH nuclei; the madC gene has been implicated separately with the photoreceptor at the input to the sensory pathway, while the madH gene is associated with the growth control output. This result suggests the physical interaction of both gene products, madH and madC, in a molecular complex for the photosensory transduction chain.     

Tissue repair in a poikilothermic vertebrate, Carassius auratus (L.): a preliminary study

The effects of mechanical injury on the skin, connective tissue, muscle and bone of the goldfish is described 28 days following the injury. There is evidence of a dynamic response but the apparent inability of muscle regeneration to any degree is noted.     

The anal sac secretion of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes); its chemistry and microbiology. A comparison with the anal sac secretion of the lion (Panthera leo)

Phenylacetic, 3-phenylpropionic, $\text{p}$-hydroxyphenylacetic and 3 ($\text{p}$-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acids together with the series of C₂ to C₆ saturated fatty acids previously reported in the anal sac secretion of the red fox ($\text{Vulpes vulpes}$) are identified as constituents of the anal sac secretion of the lion (Panthera leo). All these compounds are also observed in the anal sac secretion of the red fox using gas chromatography. The aerobic microflora of red fox and domestic dog ($\text{Canis familiaris}$) anal sac secretion samples invariably consisted predominantly of $\text{Streptococcus faecium}$ and $\text{Streptococcus faecalis}$. The hypothesis that the secretion volatiles so far identified may be microbiologically produced is examined.