全文获取类型
收费全文 | 320篇 |
免费 | 29篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 4篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 14篇 |
2012年 | 13篇 |
2011年 | 14篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 12篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 12篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 8篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有351条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of hypothalamic extract, astrocyte co-culture, and astrocyte-conditioned medium on the barrier function of an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier. Porcine brain capillary endothelial cells were grown on polycarbonate membranes suspended between two chambers of media, representing the capillary lumen and brain interstitium. Endothelial cells grown alone and cocultured with astrocytes were cultured in growth medium with or without 50 g/mL hypothalamic extract. An additional treatment consisted of endothelial cells cultured in growth medium that was first conditioned by astrocytes. Coculture consisted of a noncontact model with astrocytes attached to the bottom of the abluminal chamber. Barrier function of the endothelial cells was tested on days 1 through 9 post-seeding by measuring permeability to macromolecules (albumin) and small ions (electrical resistance). Resistance to the passage of macromolecules and small ions was greatest for endothelial cells grown without astro-cytes in growth medium supplemented with hypothalamic extract. This barrier was maximal during days 4 through 7 post-seeding and was significantly less permeable than the barrier formed by endothelial cells grown in un-supplemented growth medium, in coculture with astrocytes, or in astrocyte-conditioned medium. These results demonstrate that a noncontact coculture with astro-cytes did not enhance the integrity of this in vitro BBB model employing porcine brain capillary endothelial cells, but barrier function was increased when the model's medium was supplemented with hypothalamic extract. 相似文献
56.
Varroa jacobsoni reproduces in honey bee brood cells. Here the behavioral activity and use of space by infestingVarroa females and progeny were quantified in transparent artificial brood cells. The time-activity budget of both infesting and
developing mites converged toward a stable pattern which was established during the bee prepupal stage of the infesting mites
and the protonymphal stage of mite progeny. The pattern was such that infesting females and offspring eventually divided their
activity between the fecal accumulation on the cell wall, which served as the rendezvous site for newly molted individuals,
and the feeding site prepared on the pupa by the foundress. Other parts of the cell wall were used for oviposition and molting,
away from the fecal accumulation on which activity of mobile stages was concentrated. Space structuring and the time-activity
budget inVarroa probably evolved to enhance the number of fertilized females produced within the capped brood, where space and time are limiting
factors. These behavioral adaptations parallel those of other mite species which show group behavior within cavities. 相似文献
57.
D J Guerin D Mazeas M S Musale F N Naguib O N Al Safarjalani M H el Kouni R P Panzica 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》1999,9(11):1477-1480
5-(o-Benzyloxy)benzylbarbituric acid (6) and 5-(p-benzyloxy)benzylbarbituric acid (7) were prepared and their inhibitory activities compared to 5-(m-benzyloxy)-benzylbarbituric acid (BBB) a known, potent inhibitor of uridine phosphorylase (UrdPase). Compounds 6 and 7 were 18-fold and 51-fold less active, respectively, than BBB in inhibiting UrdPase. These data provide solid evidence that the 5-benzylbarbituric acids possessing meta substituents are the most active inhibitors. In addition, 2-thioBBB (11) was synthesized and it was shown to be as active an inhibitor as BBB. 相似文献
58.
Grard Donz Silvia Schnyder-Candrian Stefan Bogdanov Peter-Allan Diehl Patrick M. Guerin Verena Kilchenman Florian Monachon 《Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology》1998,37(2):129-145
The ectoparasitic mite Varroa jacobsoni reproduces in the capped brood of the honey bees Apis cerana and Apis mellifera. Observations on the reproductive behavior of the mite have shown a well-structured spatial allocation of its activity using the bee or cell wall for different behaviors. The resulting advantages for the parasite of this subdivision of the concealed brood environment suggests an important role for chemostimuli in these substrates. Extracts of the European honey bee cocoons induce a strong arrestment response in the mite, as indicated by prolonged periods of walking on the extracts applied on a semipermeable membrane and by systematically returning to the stimulus after encountering the treatment borders. Two thin-layer chromatography fractions of the cocoon extract eliciting arrestment were found to contain saturated C17 to C22 primary aliphatic alcohols and C19 to C22 aldehydes. We analyzed extracts of the cocoon and different larvae, pupae, and adults of both worker and drone A. mellifera to determine the relative amounts of these chemostimuli in the different substrates employed by Varroa. Both aldehydes and alcohols were more abundant in the cocoon than in the cuticle of adult or developing bees. Mixtures of the aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes at the proportions found in the cocoons acted synergistically on the arrestment response, but this activity disappeared when mixed in equal amounts. When these oxygenated chemostimuli were mixed with C19 to C25 alkanes at the proportions found in the cocoon extract, we observed a significantly lower threshold for the chemostimulant mixture. These results indicate how Varroa may use mixtures of rarer products to differentiate between substrates and host stages during its developmental cycle within honey bee brood cells. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 37:129–145, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
59.
Stefan Caddy‐Retalic Alan N. Andersen Michael J. Aspinwall Martin F. Breed Margaret Byrne Matthew J. Christmas Ning Dong Bradley J. Evans Damien A. Fordham Greg R. Guerin Ary A. Hoffmann Alice C. Hughes Stephen J. van Leeuwen Francesca A. McInerney Suzanne M. Prober Maurizio Rossetto Paul D. Rymer Dorothy A. Steane Glenda M. Wardle Andrew J. Lowe 《Ecology and evolution》2017,7(13):4607-4619
Transects that traverse substantial climate gradients are important tools for climate change research and allow questions on the extent to which phenotypic variation associates with climate, the link between climate and species distributions, and variation in sensitivity to climate change among biomes to be addressed. However, the potential limitations of individual transect studies have recently been highlighted. Here, we argue that replicating and networking transects, along with the introduction of experimental treatments, addresses these concerns. Transect networks provide cost‐effective and robust insights into ecological and evolutionary adaptation and improve forecasting of ecosystem change. We draw on the experience and research facilitated by the Australian Transect Network to demonstrate our case, with examples, to clarify how population‐ and community‐level studies can be integrated with observations from multiple transects, manipulative experiments, genomics, and ecological modeling to gain novel insights into how species and systems respond to climate change. This integration can provide a spatiotemporal understanding of past and future climate‐induced changes, which will inform effective management actions for promoting biodiversity resilience. 相似文献
60.
Nael Lapidus Andrea Minetti Ali Djibo Philippe J. Guerin Sarah Hustache Valérie Gaboulaud Rebecca F. Grais 《PloS one》2009,4(1)