Relationship between five GLUT1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

So far, case-control studies on the association between glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) have generated considerable controversy. To clarify the linkage of GLUT1 SNPs on the risk of DN, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. A comprehensive literature search of electronic databases was conducted to obtain relative studies. Nine case-control studies were included. Significant differences were found between XbaI SNP (rs841853) and increased risk of DN in all genetic models. Subgroup analyses for Caucasians population and DN from both type 1 and type 2 diabetes also revealed positive results. For Enh2-1 SNP (rs841847), Enh2-2 SNP (rs841848) and HaeIII SNP (rs1385129), obvious linkages were demonstrated in recessive model. However, analysis for the association between HpyCH4V SNP (rs710218) and the susceptibility of DN showed no significance. Likewise, negative outcome was also found in the assessment for the influence of XbaI or Enh2-2 SNP on the pathogenesis progress of DN. The evidence currently available shows that XbaI, Enh2 and HaeIII SNPs, but not HpyCH4V SNP, in GLUT1 gene may be genetic susceptibility to DN. However, data does not support the association between either XbaI or Enh2-2 SNP and the severity of DN.     

Spatiotemporal Characteristics,Determinants and Scenario Analysis of CO2 Emissions in China Using Provincial Panel Data

This paper empirically investigated the spatiotemporal variations, influencing factors and future emission trends of China’s CO₂ emissions based on a provincial panel data set. A series of panel econometric models were used taking the period 1995–2011 into consideration. The results indicated that CO₂ emissions in China increased over time, and were characterized by noticeable regional discrepancies; in addition, CO₂ emissions also exhibited properties of spatial dependence and convergence. Factors such as population scale, economic level and urbanization level exerted a positive influence on CO₂ emissions. Conversely, energy intensity was identified as having a negative influence on CO₂ emissions. In addition, the significance of the relationship between CO₂ emissions and the four variables varied across the provinces based on their scale of economic development. Scenario simulations further showed that the scenario of middle economic growth, middle population increase, low urbanization growth, and high technology improvement (here referred to as Scenario BTU), constitutes the best development model for China to realize the future sustainable development. Based on these empirical findings, we also provide a number of policy recommendations with respect to the future mitigation of CO₂ emissions.     

鸟类和蚂蚁对桃金娘种子传播的初步研究

在中国科学院鹤山丘陵综合开放试验站观察研究了鸟类和蚂蚁对桃金娘 (Rhodomyrtustomentosa)种子的传播。据野外观察和网捕法所捕鸟的情况可知 :红耳鹎 (Pycnonotusjocosus)和白头鹎 (P .sinensis)两种鸟传播桃金娘种子 ,白头鹎比红耳鹎的数量多。在网捕到的红耳鹎和白头鹎的粪便中收集到的桃金娘种子分别为 8.0± 3.0粒/只和 10 .0± 2 .0粒 /只。在显微镜下观察经过鸟消化道的桃金娘种子都没有破损。传播桃金娘种子的蚂蚁有全异巨首蚁 (Pheidologetiondiversus)和梅花山大头蚁 (Pheidolemeihuashanensis)。它们传播的最远距离分别为 4m和 5m ,平均为 1.1± 0 .0 9m和 1.3± 0 .0 7m。全异巨首蚁占样地蚂蚁个体总数的 6 0 .0 % ;梅花山大头蚁占个体总数的8.1% ;余下的为其他种蚂蚁。每个全异巨首蚁蚁巢平均贮藏桃金娘种子 195 .0± 82 .9粒 ,其中 73.2 %是完好种子。每个梅花山大头蚁蚁巢平均贮藏 2 8.8± 11.4粒种子 ,全部是完好种子。林窗、闲置的空旷地、植物群落交错带都有桃金娘实生苗。在阳光充足的全异巨首蚁和梅花山大头蚁蚁巢边也有桃金娘实生苗的存在     

大豆油脂生产的污染源分析及污染防治

分析了大豆预处理、油脂浸出和油脂精炼等生产过程中,废水、废气、粉尘、异味和废渣等主要污染物的来源。结合大豆油脂加工的行业特性,相应地提出了源头控制和末端治理的废水污染防治措施,冷凝和吸附的溶剂尾气治理方式,以及油脂回收的废渣处理和利用措施。提出了低污染、低能耗的清洁生产方式是大豆油脂生产过程中污染防治的最有效的办法。     

超声波处理对文心兰类原球茎增殖及分化的影响

采用不同频率不同时间超声波处理文心兰类原球茎(PLBs)和无菌苗,以探讨适宜的类原球茎增殖、分化及生根条件,结果表明:25 kHz超声波处理组PLBs平均增殖率比40 kHz超声波处理组高23.4%,其中25 kHz超声波处理3 min促进PLBs增殖效果较佳,PLBs平均增殖率比对照高49.5%;25 kHz超声波处理组PLBs平均分化芽数比40 kHz超声波处理组高28.3%,其中25 kHz超声波处理6 min促进分化效果较佳,平均分化芽数比对照高98.8%,25 KHz超声波处理组无菌苗平均根长与平均根数比40 kHz处理组高10.1%和13.6%,其中25 KHz超声波处理3 min促进生根效果较佳,无菌苗平均根长与平均根数比对照组高75.0%和37.5%.     

南海北部大陆架琼东南盆地西南部新近纪沟鞭藻类

首次报道的低纬度晚第三纪(新近纪)丰富多样的海相沟鞭藻类,产自南海北部大陆架琼东南盆地西南部的两钻孔(主要是Ya2112井,少量为Ya2111井),经鉴定达40余种。文中仅对其中的31种4亚种进行了照相和对15种2亚种和1新种(Impletosphaeridiumcapillaresp.nov.)在我国进行了首次描述;在新近系建立2个沟鞭藻组合:即Hystrichosphaeropsisobscura组合(下部)和ReticulatosphaeraactinocoronataPolysphaeridiumzoharyi组合(上部),并讨论了它们的组合特征及其地质时代,认为其下部的组合时代为中新世,上部的组合时代为上新世。     

Characterization, evolution and tissue-specific expression of AmphiCalbin, a novel gene encoding EF-hand calcium-binding protein in amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri

An amphioxus full-length cDNA, AmphiCalbin, encoding a novel EF-hand calcium-binding protein （EFCaBP）, was isolated from the gut cDNA library of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri. It consists of 1321 bp with a 636 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 211 amino acids with a molecular mass of approximately 24.5 kDa. The phylogenetic analysis offers two interesting inferences. First, AmphiCalbin clusters with a group of unnamed EFCaBPs that are differentiated from other identified EFCaBPs. Second, AmphiCalbin falls at the base of the vertebrate unnamed EFCaBPs clade, probably representing their prototype. This is also corroborated by the fact that AmphiCalbin has an exon-intron organization identical to that of vertebrate unnamed EFCaBP genes. Both tissue-section in situ hybridization and whole-mount in situ hybridization prove a tissue-specific expression pattern of AmphiCalbin, with high levels of expression in the digestive system and gonads. It is proposed that AmphiCalbin might play a role in the digestive system and gonads. These observations lay the foundation for further understanding of the function of the unnamed EFCaBPs.     

Cloning and identification of an Ubiquitinconjugating enzyme E2 D2 gene from Japanese lamprey Lampetra japonica

The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins for degradation.Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 D2 is a protein that is encoded by the UBE2D2 gene.Here,we report a lamprey(La UBE2D2)gene which contained 441-bp open reading frame(ORF)encoding 147 amino acids with a typical UBC domain.Real-time PCR assay showed that the highest expression of the protein in adult lamprey was in the leukocytes,the lowest expression was in the skin,kidney and liver.The high conservation in amino acid sequence of the La UBE2D2protein with the UBE2D2s from Homo sapiens,Danio rerio,Oreochromis niloticus and Takifugu rubripes,implied that it had similar function with UBE2D2proteins from other species.     

血浆蛋白C、蛋白S抗凝体系的研究进展

蛋白C是一种维生素K依赖糖蛋白,它为血浆丝氨酸蛋白酶酶原;凝血酶能将蛋白C转化为活化蛋白C（APC）,在一种叫蛋白S（PS）的APC协同因子存在时,APC发挥抗凝活性,蛋白C和蛋白S缺陷或缺乏可引起动、静脉血栓形成。