全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15773篇 |
免费 | 1390篇 |
国内免费 | 1355篇 |
专业分类
18518篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 45篇 |
2023年 | 232篇 |
2022年 | 476篇 |
2021年 | 764篇 |
2020年 | 634篇 |
2019年 | 715篇 |
2018年 | 704篇 |
2017年 | 512篇 |
2016年 | 688篇 |
2015年 | 1031篇 |
2014年 | 1243篇 |
2013年 | 1267篇 |
2012年 | 1462篇 |
2011年 | 1310篇 |
2010年 | 888篇 |
2009年 | 731篇 |
2008年 | 782篇 |
2007年 | 707篇 |
2006年 | 686篇 |
2005年 | 555篇 |
2004年 | 484篇 |
2003年 | 514篇 |
2002年 | 396篇 |
2001年 | 243篇 |
2000年 | 211篇 |
1999年 | 204篇 |
1998年 | 138篇 |
1997年 | 112篇 |
1996年 | 115篇 |
1995年 | 109篇 |
1994年 | 93篇 |
1993年 | 58篇 |
1992年 | 78篇 |
1991年 | 64篇 |
1990年 | 60篇 |
1989年 | 45篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 34篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 2篇 |
1950年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
61.
62.
5,6-二氯-吲哚乙酸对革新烟草愈伤组织生长有影响。当愈伤组织在MS_0(对照)和MS 2,4-D培养基上培养22d时,生长停滞,细胞已呈空泡状,正常的超微结构完全破坏,细胞器不复存在,愈伤组织明显褐化。但在MS 5,6-Gl_2-IAA培养基上的愈伤组织仍能正常生长,鲜重和干重下降亦明显延缓,细胞含有原生质内含物,各种细胞器的超微结构仍保持正常。此外,后者的SOD同工酶也明显不同于其它培养基上的愈伤组织,暗示5,6-Gl_2-IAA对烟草愈伤组织衰老的延缓作用可能与SOD同工酶的调节作用有关。 相似文献
63.
Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor factor 8 (MFG-E8) regulates innate immune function by modulating cellular signaling, which is less understood. Herein, we aimed to investigate the direct anti-inflammatory role of MFG-E8 in macrophages by pre-treatment with recombinant murine MFG-E8 (rmMFG-E8) followed by stimulation with LPS in RAW264.7 cells and in peritoneal macrophages, isolated from wild-type (WT) or MFG-E8(-/-) mice. RAW264.7 cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages treated with rmMFG-E8 significantly downregulated LPS-induced TNF-α mRNA by 25% and 24%, and protein levels by 29% and 23%, respectively (P<0.05). Conversely, peritoneal macrophages isolated from MFG-E8(-/-) mice produced 28% higher levels of TNF-α, as compared to WT mice when treated with LPS. In in vivo, endotoxemia induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (5 mg/kg BW), at 4 h after induction, serum level of TNF-α was significantly higher in MFG-E8(-/-) mice (837 pg/mL) than that of WT (570 pg/mL, P<0.05). To elucidate the direct anti-inflammatory effect of MFG-E8, we examined STAT3 and its target gene, SOCS3. Treatment with rmMGF-E8 significantly induced pSTAT3 and SOCS3 in macrophages. Similar results were observed in in vivo treatment of rmMFG-E8 in peritoneal cells and splenic tissues. Pre-treatment with rmMFG-E8 significantly reduced LPS-induced NF-κB p65 contents. These data clearly indicated that rmMFG-E8 upregulated SOCS3 which in turn interacted with NF-κB p65, facilitating negative regulation of TLR4 signaling for LPS-induced TNF-α production. Our findings strongly suggest that MFG-E8 is a direct anti-inflammatory molecule, and that it could be developed as a therapy in attenuating inflammation and tissue injury. 相似文献
64.
采用石蜡切片技术, 对不育的丹桂(Osmanthus fragrans ‘Dangui’ )和可育的籽银桂(Osmanthus fragrans ‘Ziyingui’)花芽分化的过程进行了研究。结果表明, 桂花(Osmanthus fragrans Lour.)花芽形态分化可分为花芽分化初始期、总苞分化期、花原基分化期、顶花花被分化期、雄蕊分化期和雌蕊分化期6个阶段。雄蕊的发育在丹桂和籽银桂之间基本没有区别, 都能形成完整的花粉囊和成熟的花粉粒。但是, 雌蕊的发育在可育的籽银桂与不育的丹桂之间存在明显差异。根据花芽分化的过程证明, 丹桂的不育是由于雌蕊发育不正常导致的。 相似文献
65.
‘Green tides’ are overwhelming the coastline of our blue planet: taking the world’s largest example 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Nai-hao Ye Xiao-wen Zhang Yu-ze Mao Cheng-wei Liang Dong Xu Jian Zou Zhi-meng Zhuang Qing-yin Wang 《Ecological Research》2011,26(3):477-485
A broad spectrum of events that come under the category of green tide are recognized world-wide as a response to elevated
levels of seawater nutrients in coastal areas. Green tides involve a wide diversity of sites, macroalgal species, consequences,
and possible causes. Here we review the effect of natural and man-induced environmental fluctuations on the frequency and
apparent spread of green tides. This article highlights the need for interdisciplinary research aimed at shedding light on
the basic mechanisms governing the occurrence and succession of green algae in coastal seas. This will result in more effective
management and mitigation of the effects of green tides, thus safeguarding the intrinsic and commercial value of coastal marine
ecosystems. 相似文献
66.
67.
Summary Polyurethane foam cubes were employed as carriers to immobilize Rhizopus oryzae for L(+)-lactic acid production. The immobilizing capacity reached 450 g-fresh cell/l-cube. The production rate of L(+)-lactic acid could be threefold increased by using the immobilized R. oryzae. The immobilized cells could be steadily used in repetitive fermentations for more than 10 batches. 相似文献
68.
Jin Yan Dong Xing Ping Li Lei Li Guo Hong Li Ya Jun Liu Ke Qin Zhang 《Annals of microbiology》2006,56(2):163-166
One hundred and eighty one fungal species that were isolated from the fresh fruiting bodies collected in the Mountains of Pu Er County of Yunnan Province, China were tested on the pine wood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in vitro. Each fungal species was grown in Czapek broth and potato dextrose broth (PDB). Fifteen filtrates fromAmauroderma austrosinense, Amauroderma macer, Filoboletus sp.,Laccaria tortilis, Lactarius gerardii, Lentinula edodes, Oudemansiella longipes, Oudemansiella mucida, Peziza sp.,Pleurotus sp.,Sinotermitomyces carnosus (two strains),Strobilomyces floccopus, Termitomyces albuminosus, Tylopilus striatulus grown on PDB were found to be pathogenic to the tested nematodes. Eleven filtrates fromAmanita junguillea, Amanita sp.,Daedalea sepiaria, Fistulina hepatica, Omphalotus olearius, Oudemansiella mucida, Peziza sp.,Pleurotus pulmatus, Ramaria sp.,Tricholoma conglobatum, Tylopilus striatulus grown on Czapek broth were also pathogenic to the nematodes. When screening for nematicidal potential of fungi, it is important to study the growth medium conditions necessary to obtain the optimal nematicidal effect as fungal filtrates growing on different liquid media showed a very inconsistent toxicity towards nematodes. 相似文献
69.
兔狲(Otocolobus manul)、藏狐(Vulpes ferrilata)和赤狐(V. vulpes)是青藏高原三江源区域分布的重要小型食肉兽。本研究于2014年6月至2019年9月在青海省长江源区沱沱河和通天河沿岸选取208个位点布设红外相机, 通过所获取的时空分布数据比较了上述3种同域分布小型食肉兽的时空利用情况。通过空间重叠度系数的比较分析, 兔狲和藏狐、兔狲和赤狐以及藏狐和赤狐之间的空间重叠度系数分别为0.25、0.48和0.17, 这表明兔狲、藏狐和赤狐三者在空间利用上存在一定的差异。通过核密度估计方法分析, 兔狲和藏狐属典型的昼行性动物, 而赤狐以夜行性活动为主。兔狲、藏狐和赤狐每个物种在冷暖两季的日活动节律重叠指数分别为0.83、0.78和0.88。两两比较分析表明, 兔狲和藏狐二者的日活动节律重叠指数最高(0.84), 兔狲和赤狐在夜间活动时段存在一定重叠(0.63), 而藏狐和赤狐的时间生态位分化最明显, 重叠指数最低(0.48)。此外, 在暖季, 两两物种之间的日活动节律重叠指数均小于其冷季的重叠指数。综上所述, 长江源区兔狲、藏狐和赤狐3种小型食肉兽可通过空间和时间资源的利用差异来降低物种间的干扰和竞争, 从而达到同域物种共存的目的。 相似文献
70.
记山西榆社晚新生代鹿科化石两新种 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文记述了山西榆社盆地晚新生代鹿科化石中的两个新种:Eucladoceros proboulei sp.nov.和Procapreolus jinensis sp.nov.,并列出了已鉴定完毕的所有产于榆社盆地晚新生代地层的鹿类动物化石单. 相似文献