药物治疗老年高血压对hs-CRP和ICAM-1 水平的影响

目的：通过比较老年原发性高血压患者使用瑞舒伐他汀治疗前后的情况, 探讨瑞舒伐他汀对老年原发性高血压患者血清超 敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）和细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）水平的影响。方法：选取86 例老年高血压患者随机分为对照组和治疗组, 其中对照组进行采用氨氯地平治疗,而治疗组在对照组的基础上采用瑞舒伐他汀治疗,分别检测和比较两组患者的hs-CRP和ICAM- 1 水平,并进行统计学分析。结果：与治疗前相比,治疗后对照组与治疗组hs-CRP 和ICAM-1 均明显降低,而两组的hs-CRP 和ICAM-1 差异显著（t=3.1655,P<0.01;t=9.6983,P<0.01）,具有统计学意义。结论：瑞舒伐他汀能显著降低老年高血压患者的 hs-CRP 和ICAM-1 水平,减轻患者的炎性反应,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

91例主动脉夹层动脉瘤的临床治疗体会

目的:依据临床经验,熟练运用开放手术、腔内修复术及杂交手术方法治疗各类主动脉夹层动脉瘤。方法:收集2009年7月~2013年1月在我院手术治疗的主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者共91例,StanfordB型夹层动脉瘤36例(其中21例降主动脉瘤、9例腹主动脉及双髂动脉瘤行腔内覆膜支架隔绝术,6例行腹主动脉人工血管置换术),StanfordA型夹层动脉瘤55例(其中单纯Sun,s手术12例伴Bentall术6例,Bentall术伴部分主动脉弓人工血管置换36例,1例行Ⅱ型的主干与分支动脉人工血管转流+介入腔内隔绝降主动脉及左半弓杂交术),分别以不同的手术方法给予治疗。结果:顺利治愈出院85例,死亡6例,4例因全弓置换术后出现难以控制的大出血、肠坏死、肾功能不全、少尿等并发症而死亡,2例死于Bentall术后严重多功能脏器急性衰竭,1例杂交手术术后出现高血压伴神经系统并发症,1例伴肺部感染及低心排综合征,给予对症治疗后效果不佳,有2例出现肾功能不全,经过透析治愈。腔内修复术后有神经系统的并发症2例,下肢的功能障碍2例,少量内漏4例,以上并发症均经对症治疗后痊愈。术后随访76例,时间3~12个月,除2例于术后第9个月死亡、1例因脑梗塞、脑血管意外等与手术无关的疾病而死亡,2例因吻合口动脉瘤或动脉瘤破裂大出血死亡外,余患者生活状态良好,心功能在I~Ⅱ级。结论:根据主动脉瘤疾病的临床特点和定位诊断,合理选择和运用治疗方法使手术操作变得更为迅速、安全和方便,同时能够取得良好的临床治疗效果。     

Integrin α2β1 Mediates Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Vascular Endothelial Cadherin Induced by Invasive Breast Cancer Cells

The molecular mechanisms that regulate the endothelial response during transendothelial migration (TEM) of invasive cancer cells remain elusive. Tyrosine phosphorylation of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cad) has been implicated in the disruption of endothelial cell adherens junctions and in the diapedesis of metastatic cancer cells. We sought to determine the signaling mechanisms underlying the disruption of endothelial adherens junctions after the attachment of invasive breast cancer cells. Attachment of invasive breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-cad, dissociation of β-catenin from VE-cad, and retraction of endothelial cells. Breast cancer cell-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-cad was mediated by activation of the H-Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling cascade and depended on the phosphorylation of endothelial myosin light chain (MLC). The inhibition of H-Ras or MLC in endothelial cells inhibited TEM of MDA-MB-231 cells. VE-cad tyrosine phosphorylation in endothelial cells induced by the attachment of MDA-MB-231 cells was mediated by MDA-MB-231 α₂β₁ integrin. Compared with highly invasive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, weakly invasive MCF-7 breast cancer cells expressed lower levels of α₂β₁ integrin. TEM of MCF-7 as well as induction of VE-cad tyrosine phosphorylation and dissociation of β-catenin from the VE-cad complex by MCF-7 cells were lower than in MDA-MB-231 cells. These processes were restored when MCF-7 cells were treated with β₁-activating antibody. Moreover, the response of endothelial cells to the attachment of prostatic (PC-3) and ovarian (SKOV3) invasive cancer cells resembled the response to MDA-MB-231 cells. Our study showed that the MDA-MB-231 cell-induced disruption of endothelial adherens junction integrity is triggered by MDA-MB-231 cell α₂β₁ integrin and is mediated by H-Ras/MLC-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-cad.     

Different Roles for Contracture and Calpain in Calcium Paradox-Induced Heart Injury

The Ca²⁺ paradox represents a good model to study Ca²⁺ overload injury in ischemic heart diseases. We and others have demonstrated that contracture and calpain are involved in the Ca²⁺ paradox-induced injury. This study aimed to elucidate their roles in this model. The Ca²⁺ paradox was elicited by perfusing isolated rat hearts with Ca²⁺-free KH media for 3 min or 5 min followed by 30 min of Ca²⁺ repletion. The LVDP was measured to reflect contractile function, and the LVEDP was measured to indicate contracture. TTC staining and the quantification of LDH release were used to define cell death. Calpain activity and troponin I release were measured after Ca²⁺ repletion. Ca²⁺ repletion of the once 3-min Ca²⁺ depleted hearts resulted in almost no viable tissues and the disappearance of contractile function. Compared to the effects of the calpain inhibitor MDL28170, KB-R7943, an inhibitor of the Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger, reduced the LVEDP level to a greater extent, which was well correlated with improved contractile function recovery and tissue survival. The depletion of Ca²⁺ for 5 min had the same effects on injury as the 3-min Ca²⁺ depletion, except that the LVEDP in the 5-min Ca²⁺ depletion group was lower than the level in the 3-min Ca²⁺ depletion group. KB-R7943 failed to reduce the level of LVEDP, with no improvement in the LVDP recovery in the hearts subjected to the 5-min Ca²⁺ depletion treatment; however, KB-R7943 preserved its protective effects in surviving tissue. Both KB-R7943 and MDL28170 attenuated the Ca²⁺ repletion-induced increase in calpain activity in 3 min or 5 min Ca²⁺ depleted hearts. However, only KB-R7943 reduced the release of troponin I from the Ca²⁺ paradoxic heart. These results provide evidence suggesting that contracture is the main cause for contractile dysfunction, while activation of calpain mediates cell death in the Ca²⁺ paradox.     

玻璃粉吸附核酸及其在植物核酸提取中应用的研究

为研究玻璃粉在植物核酸提取中的应用,比较了玻璃粉颗粒大小、离液盐种类及浓度、pH等条件对玻璃粉吸附核酸的影响,得出玻璃粉吸附核酸的各种最佳条件。结果表明,普通玻璃粉吸附核酸能力强于硅胶和硅藻土,玻璃粉颗粒的直径以83 μm为佳,pH 4.0时吸附效果达到最大。提取DNA时,NaCl浓度应大于3 mol/L,而提取RNA时,异硫氰酸胍大于2 mol/L就能取得很好的效果,此外,在玻璃粉吸附RNA前,需要加入50%以上的无水乙醇才能更好地吸附。利用玻璃粉制作简易纯化柱,可用于植物组织核酸提取纯化,所提取的核酸纯度高、完整性好,可用于酶切、杂交和PCR等实验。与传统方法相比,采用玻璃粉简易离心柱提取植物核酸,效果好、环保、快速、经济。     

LATS1过表达对肺癌A549细胞增殖及周期的影响

通过过表达手段上调大肿瘤抑制因子1（1arge tumor suppressor gene 1,LATS1）基因在A549细胞中的表达,研究LATS1对A549细胞生长和细胞周期调控的作用。构建过表达LATS1基因的慢病毒载体,转染A549N胞株,采用RT-PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测转染后A549细胞中LATS1、YAPmRNA和蛋白的表达效率;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡、周期情况：CCK-8检测细胞的增殖水平变化。结果发现,过表达LATS1慢病毒载体转染A549细胞株后,LATS1mRNA及蛋白表达水平高于未处理组及转染空载体组,YAPmRNA及蛋白表达水平低于未处理组及转染空载体组;过表达LATS1慢病毒转染后,A549细胞增殖率从第五天开始低于对照组（P〈0．05）,过表达组细胞G1期比例明显增高（P〈0．05）,凋亡率明显增加（P〈0．05）,差异均有统计学意义。以上结果提示,LATS1可通过下调YAP的表达水平促进A549细胞的凋亡,诱导G1期阻滞,降低细胞的增殖能力。     

Frequency Analysis and Anti-Shock Mechanism of Woodpecker＇s Head Structure

The mechanical properties of the skull and the anti-shock characteristics of woodpecker＇s head were investigated by ex- periment and numerical simulation. We measured the micro-Young＇s modulus of the skull by nano-indentation method and calculated the macro-equivalent Young＇s modulus of the skull at different positions using homogenization theory. Based on the Computerized Tomography （CT） images of woodpecker head, we then built complete and symmetric finite element models of woodpecker＇s skull and its internal structure and performed modal analysis and stress spectrum analysis. The numerical results show that the application of pre-tension force to the hyoid bone can increase the natural frequency of woodpecker＇s head. The first natural frequency under the pre-tension force of 25 N reaches 57 Hz, which is increased by 21.3% from the non-pre-tension state and is more than twice the working frequency of woodpecker （20 Hz 25 Hz）. On the application of impact force to the tip of beak for 0.6 ms, high magnitudes of stress component occur at around 100 Hz and 8,000 Hz, far away from both the working frequencies and the natural frequencies of woodpecker head. The large gaps among the natural, working and stress response frequencies enable the woodpecker to effectively protect its brain from the resonance injury.