Integral Membrane Proteins of the Nuclear Envelope Are Dispersed throughout the Endoplasmic Reticulum during Mitosis

We have analyzed the fate of several integral membrane proteins of the nuclear envelope during mitosis in cultured mammalian cells to determine whether nuclear membrane proteins are present in a vesicle population distinct from bulk ER membranes after mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly or are dispersed throughout the ER. Using immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy, we compared the localization of two inner nuclear membrane proteins (laminaassociated polypeptides 1 and 2 [LAP1 and LAP2]) and a nuclear pore membrane protein (gp210) to the distribution of bulk ER membranes, which was determined with lipid dyes (DiOC₆ and R6) and polyclonal antibodies. We found that at the resolution of this technique, the three nuclear envelope markers become completely dispersed throughout ER membranes during mitosis. In agreement with these results, we detected LAP1 in most membranes containing ER markers by immunogold electron microscopy of metaphase cells. Together, these findings indicate that nuclear membranes lose their identity as a subcompartment of the ER during mitosis. We found that nuclear lamins begin to reassemble around chromosomes at the end of mitosis at the same time as LAP1 and LAP2 and propose that reassembly of the nuclear envelope at the end of mitosis involves sorting of integral membrane proteins to chromosome surfaces by binding interactions with lamins and chromatin.     

大鼠FMR1同源基因cDNA的克隆、测序与选择剪接的初步分析

应用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法,从新生大鼠脑组织总ＲＮＡ扩增大鼠ＦＭＲ１同源基因的ｃＤＮＡ片段,克降至ｐＵＣ１８质粒中进行序列分析．获得从终止密码子起共１６８１ｂｐ的编码序列,尚缺少约２００ｂｐ的５′序列．所克隆的这部分大鼠ＦＭＲ１ｃＤＮＡ,不含有对应于人ＦＭＲ１基因的外显子１２及外显子１７第一和第三剪接受点之间的序列,提示大鼠ＦＭＲ１基因也有选择剪接表达．同源性分析显示,大鼠ＦＭＲ１与小鼠ＦＭＲ１基因的同源性为９７．７％,与人ＦＭＲ１基因的同源性为９４．９％;与小鼠ＦＭＲＰ（ＦＭＲ１蛋白）的氨基酸序列同源性为９８．４％,与人ＦＭＲＰ的氨基酸序列同源性为９７．９％．以大鼠ＦＭＲ１ｃＤＮＡ片段为探针检测到大鼠不同组织中ＦＭＲ１基因的选择剪接表达．上述结果为以大鼠为动物模型深入研究ＦＭＲ１基因功能奠定了基础．     

~(125)Ⅰ标记尖吻蝮蛇毒促凝组分在小白鼠体内的分布

探讨尖吻蝮蛇毒促凝组分在小鼠体内的分布状况。方法用氯胺Ｔ法对尖吻蝮蛇毒的促凝组分进行１２５Ⅰ标记,以放射性参与量（脏器与血液放射比）的比值作为促凝组分在组织中分布的依据。结果一次性快速静脉注射促凝组后２ｈ,以肾分布最高,肺、脾和肝的放射性参比量也较高,尿中含量很高。     

东北地区植被多样性的研究Ⅰ.寒温带针叶林区域垂直植被多样性分析

用Renyi及Hill多样性指数簇相结合的方法 ,对中国寒温带针叶林区域垂直植被的区系多样性、生活型多样性及叶级多样性进行了分析 ,将亚高山矮曲林带 (Ⅰ )、寒温性针叶疏林带 (Ⅱ )、山地上部寒温性针叶林亚带 (Ⅲ1 )、山地中部寒温性针叶林亚带 (Ⅲ2 )和山地下部寒温性针叶林亚带 (Ⅲ3) ,划分为生物多样性的特殊性植被带 (Ⅰ )、过渡性植被带 (Ⅱ )及生物多样性的交汇性植被亚带 (Ⅲ1 )、稀疏性植被亚带 (Ⅲ2 )和富集性植被亚带 (Ⅲ1 ) .对Ⅰ、Ⅱ带及Ⅲ1 亚带的植被宜采取保护性经营对策 ,对Ⅲ2 、Ⅲ3亚带 ,采取恢复和提高其生物多样性 ,促进植被进展演替的经营对策 .     

蛋白质定点PEG化研究：97Cys－IFH－γ的巯基专—PEG修饰

蛋白质定点ＰＥＧ化研究：９７Ｃｙｓ－ＩＦＨ－γ的巯基专—ＰＥＧ修饰唐微,常远,徐　飞,郑仲承,刘新垣（中国科学院上海生物化学研究所,２０００３１）关键词人干扰素－γ;定点修饰;半胱氨酸目前进行的ＰＥＧ化反应,多是针对蛋白质肽链上自由末端氨基进行的,由...     

天然心房肽对实验性心功能与心肌酶的影响

以天然心房肽灌流豚鼠离体工作心脏,药后１分钟心率开始减慢,左室压及其微分开始升高;５分钟后逐渐恢复,至１０分钟恢复正常。体外培养大鼠心肌细胞,培养液中乳酸脱氢酶含量在药后２小时减少至４８．５±６．８ｕ,为药前的４２．７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,药后８小时仍明显低于药前水平。为心房肽的新药开发提示了新思路。     

126Gln是人白细胞介素-2与其受体γ亚基结合的残基

人白细胞介素-2(IL-2)的126Gln是一个保守氨基酸,将126Gln突变为Asp后,测定了这一突变体与白细胞介素-2受体(IL-2R)不同亚基组合的结合能力,结果表明,突变体 126Asp-IL-2与 IL-2Rα βγ复合体可表现出较高的亲和力,与 IL-2 α,β复合体亲和力正常,而与 IL-2Rβγ复合体不具备亲和力.由此证实126Gln是人 IL-2与 IL-2Rγ亚基结合的残基.     

氨基PEG化试剂的合成及其修饰能力的测定

分别用氰脲酰氯法及Ｎ－羟基丁二酰亚胺活性酯法合成了蛋白质的氨基ＰＥＧ化试剂ｍＰＥＧｃｃ和ｍＰＥＧ－ＧＳ,并研究了它们对蛋白质的修饰作用。在合成过程中,通过分析反应体系中微量水分的存在对ｍＰＥＧｃｃ合成效率的影响,及溶剂中小分子可活化杂质成分对ｍＰＥＧ－ＧＳ合成产物质量的影响,发现去水剂的存在,可使ｍＰＥＧｃｅ产率提高７倍;二氧六环优于ＤＭＦ,且二氧六环的预处理也很重要。同时,为了测定活化ＰＥＧ修饰蛋白质的效能,首次以ＢＳＡ为模型蛋白,建立起一种测定活化ＰＥＧ修饰能力的方法,应用此方法能直观而又准确地比较各种方法活化的ＰＥＧ对蛋白质的修饰能力,具有普遍的意义。     

Linkage between vitamin D-binding protein and α-fetoprotein in the mouse

The albumin gene family consists of four evolutionarily related genes that code for serum transport proteins. In rodents, the genes for albumin, |ga-fetoprotein, and |gaALB are physically linked within 100 kilobases of DNA. The fourth gene, Gc, encoding vitamin D-binding protein or group-specific component, maps to the same chromosome as the other family members, but linkage has not been established. This report describes the genetic and physical mapping of Gc in mouse and establishes that, although Gc is genetically linked to the other genes, its physical distance from them extends beyond the resolution range of yeast artificial chromosome cloning and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Received: 18 July 1995 / Accepted: 9 September 1995     

游泳训练对儿童最大有氧活动能力的影响

本文利用步行机对９１名８－１１岁男女儿童进行最大有氧活动能力的测试,其中训练组４２人选自北京市海滨区业余游泳队的儿童,对照组４９人（男２４人,女２５人）选自与训练组儿童条件相近的普通学校学生。观察９个月的游泳训练对儿童有氧活动能力的影响。研究结果表明,训练组儿童的身高,体重,瘦体重和肺活量在观察前及观察后的两次测试中均高于对照组。观察期间形态指标的增长值和两组值在两组间大都无明显差别,表明两组儿童