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151.
Li JJ Wang H Li J Qu F Swartz SG Hernández AS Biller SA Robl JA Tino JA Slusarchyk D Seethala R Sleph P Yan M Grover G Flynn N Murphy BJ Gordon D 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2008,18(8):2536-2539
A novel series of N1 substituted tetrazole amides were prepared and showed to be potent growth hormone (GH) secretagogues. Among them, hydroxyl containing analog 31 displayed excellent in vivo activity by increasing plasma GH 10-fold in an anesthetized IV rat model. 相似文献
152.
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154.
Mark Q Benedict Bart GJ Knols Hervé C Bossin Paul I Howell Eric Mialhe Carlos Caceres Alan S Robinson 《Malaria journal》2009,8(Z2):S4
Mosquitoes, just as other insects produced for the sterile insect technique (SIT), are subjected to several unnatural processes including laboratory colonisation and large-scale factory production. After these processes, sterile male mosquitoes must perform the natural task of locating and mating with wild females. Therefore, the colonisation and production processes must preserve characters necessary for these functions. Fortunately, in contrast to natural selection which favours a suite of characteristics that improve overall fitness, colonisation and production practices for SIT strive to maximize only the few qualities that are necessary to effectively control populations.However, there is considerable uncertainty about some of the appropriate characteristics due to the lack of data. Development of biological products for other applications suggest that it is possible to identify and modify competitiveness characteristics in order to produce competitive mass produced sterile mosquitoes. This goal has been pursued - and sometimes achieved - by mosquito colonisation, production, and studies that have linked these characteristics to field performance. Parallels are drawn to studies in other insect SIT programmes and aquaculture which serve as vital technical reference points for mass-production of mosquitoes, most of whose development occurs - and characteristics of which are determined - in an aquatic environment. Poorly understood areas that require further study are numerous: diet, mass handling and genetic and physiological factors that influence mating competitiveness. Compromises in such traits due to demands to increase numbers or reduce costs, should be carefully considered in light of the desired field performance. 相似文献
155.
There is significant interest in the development of tissue-engineered skin analogues, which replace both the dermal and the epidermal layer, without the use of animal or human derived products such as collagen or de-epidermalised dermis. In this study, we proposed that alginate hydrogel could be used to encapsulate fibroblasts and that keratinocytes could be cultured on the surface to form a bilayered structure, which could be used to deliver the co-culture to a wound bed, initially providing wound closure and eventually expediting the healing process. Encapsulation of fibroblasts in 2 and 5% w/v alginate hydrogel effectively inhibited their proliferation, whilst maintaining cell viability allowing keratinocytes to grow uninhibited by fibroblast overgrowth to produce a stratified epidermal layer. It was shown that the alginate degradation process was not influenced by the presence of fibroblasts within the hydrogel and that lowering the alginate concentration from 5 to 2% w/v increased the rate of degradation. Fibroblasts released from the scaffold were able to secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) and thus should replace the degrading scaffold with normal ECM following application to the wound site. These findings demonstrate that alginate hydrogel may be an effective delivery vehicle and scaffold for the healing of full-thickness skin wounds. 相似文献
156.
Ranjeet R. Kumar Suneha Goswami Mohammad Shamim Kavita Dubey Khushboo Singh Shweta Singh Yugal K. Kala Ravi R.K. Niraj Akshay Sakhrey Gyanendra P. Singh Monendra Grover Bhupinder Singh Gyanendra K. Rai Anil K. Rai Viswanathan Chinnusamy Shelly Praveen 《Functional & integrative genomics》2017,17(6):621-640
157.
158.
Identification of potential drug targets is the first step in the process of modern drug discovery, subjected to their validation
and drug development. Whole genome sequences of a number of organisms allow prediction of potential drug targets using sequence
comparison approaches. Here, we present a subtractive approach exploiting the knowledge of global gene expression along with
sequence comparisons to predict the potential drug targets more efficiently. Based on the knowledge of 155 known virulence
and their coexpressed genes mined from microarray database in the public domain, 357 coexpressed probable virulence genes
for Vibrio cholerae were predicted. Based on screening of Database of Essential Genes using blastn, a total of 102 genes out of these 357 were
enlisted as vitally essential genes, and hence good putative drug targets. As the effective drug target is a protein which
is only present in the pathogen, similarity search of these 102 essential genes against human genome sequence led to subtraction
of 66 genes, thus leaving behind a subset of 36 genes whose products have been called as potential drug targets. The gene
ontology analysis using Blast2GO of these 36 genes revealed their roles in important metabolic pathways of V. cholerae or on the surface of the pathogen. Thus, we propose that the products of these genes be evaluated as target sites of drugs
against V. cholerae in future investigations. 相似文献
159.
Singh S Kumar V Singh P Thakur S Banerjee BD Rautela RS Grover SS Rawat DS Pasha ST Jain SK Rai A 《Mutation research》2011,725(1-2):36-42
GSTM1, T1 and P1 are important enzymes of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), involved in the metabolism of many endogenous and exogenous compounds. Individual genetic variation in these metabolizing enzymes may influence the metabolism of their substrates. The present study was designed to determine the genotoxic effects using DNA damage and its association with GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 (Ile105Val) genetic polymorphisms in workers occupationally exposed to organophosphate pesticides (OPs). We examined 230 subjects including 115 workers occupationally exposed to OPs and an equal number of normal healthy controls. The DNA damage was evaluated using the alkaline comet assay and genotyping was done using individual PCR or PCR-RFLP. Significantly higher DNA tail moment (TM) was observed in workers as compared to control subjects (14.41 ± 2.25 vs. 6.36 ± 1.41 tail % DNA, p<0.001). The results revealed significantly higher DNA TM in workers with GSTM1 null genotype than those with GSTM1 positive (15.18 vs. 14.15 tail % DNA, p=0.03). A significantly higher DNA TM was also observed in workers with homozygous Ile-Ile GSTP1 genotype than heterozygous (Ile-Val) and mutant (Val-Val) GSTP1 genotype (p=0.02). In conclusion, the results show that null deletion of GSTM1 and homozygote wild GSTP1 genotype could be related to inter-individual differences in DNA damage arises from the gene-environment interactions in workers occupationally exposed to OPs. 相似文献
160.
Major locus and other novel additive and epistatic loci involved in modulation of isoflavone concentration in soybean seeds 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Gutierrez-Gonzalez JJ Vuong TD Zhong R Yu O Lee JD Shannon G Ellersieck M Nguyen HT Sleper DA 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,123(8):1375-1385
Seeds of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accumulate more isoflavones than any tissue of any plant species. In other plant parts, isoflavones are usually
released to counteract the effects of various biotic and abiotic stresses. Because of the benefits to the plant and positive
implications that consumption may have on human health, increasing isoflavones is a goal of many soybean breeding programs.
However, altering isoflavone levels through marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been impractical due to the small and often
environmentally variable contributions that each individual quantitative trait locus (QTL) has on total isoflavones. In this
study, we developed a Magellan × PI 437654 F7-RIL population to construct a highly saturated non-redundant linkage map that encompassed 451 SNP and SSR molecular markers
and used it to locate genomic regions that govern accumulation of isoflavones in the seeds of soybean. Five QTLs were found
that contribute to the concentration of isoflavones, having single or multiple additive effects on isoflavone component traits.
We also validated a major locus which alone accounted for up to 10% of the phenotypic variance for glycitein, and 35–37% for
genistein, daidzein and the sum of all three soybean isoflavones. This QTL was consistently associated with increased concentration
of isoflavones across different locations, years and crosses. It was the most important QTL in terms of net increased amounts
of all isoflavone forms. Our results suggest that this locus would be an excellent candidate to target for MAS. Also, several
minor QTLs were identified that interacted in an additive-by-additive epistatic manner, to increase isoflavone concentration. 相似文献