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排序方式: 共有197条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Leen J. M. Seys Fien M. Verhamme Lisa L. Dupont Elke Desauter Julia Duerr Ayca Seyhan Agircan Griet Conickx Guy F. Joos Guy G. Brusselle Marcus A. Mall Ken R. Bracke 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Introduction
Airway surface dehydration, caused by an imbalance between secretion and absorption of ions and fluid across the epithelium and/or increased epithelial mucin secretion, impairs mucociliary clearance. Recent evidence suggests that this mechanism may be implicated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the role of airway surface dehydration in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD remains unknown.Objective
We aimed to investigate in vivo the effect of airway surface dehydration on several CS-induced hallmarks of COPD in mice with airway-specific overexpression of the β-subunit of the epithelial Na+ channel (βENaC).Methods
βENaC-Tg mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were exposed to air or CS for 4 or 8 weeks. Pathological hallmarks of COPD, including goblet cell metaplasia, mucin expression, pulmonary inflammation, lymphoid follicles, emphysema and airway wall remodelling were determined and lung function was measured.Results
Airway surface dehydration in βENaC-Tg mice aggravated CS-induced airway inflammation, mucin expression and destruction of alveolar walls and accelerated the formation of pulmonary lymphoid follicles. Moreover, lung function measurements demonstrated an increased compliance and total lung capacity and a lower resistance and hysteresis in βENaC-Tg mice, compared to WT mice. CS exposure further altered lung function measurements.Conclusions
We conclude that airway surface dehydration is a risk factor that aggravates CS-induced hallmarks of COPD. 相似文献112.
Annemieke Dhondt Ruben Pauwels Katrien Devreese Sunny Eloot Griet Glorieux Raymond Vanholder 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Background and Objective
Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are small enough to pass large pore dialysis membranes. Removal of LMWH if injected before the start of the session is possible during high-flux dialysis and hemodiafiltration. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal mode (place and time) of tinzaparin administration during postdilution hemodiafiltration.Study Design, Setting, Patients
In 13 chronic hemodiafiltration patients, 3 approaches of injection were compared in a randomised cross over trial: i) before the start of the session at the inlet blood line filled with rinsing solution (IN0), ii) 5 min after the start at the inlet line filled with blood (IN5) and iii) before the start of the session at the outlet blood line (OUT0). Anti-Xa activity, thrombin generation, visual clotting score and reduction ratios of urea and beta2microglobulin were measured.Results
Anti-Xa activity was lower with IN0 compared with IN5 and OUT0, and also more thrombin generation was observed with IN0. No differences were observed in visual clotting scores and no clinically relevant differences were observed in solute reduction ratio. An anti-Xa of 0.3 IU/mL was discriminative for thrombin generation. Anti-Xa levels below 0.3 IU/mL at the end of the session were associated with worse clotting scores and lower reduction ratio of urea and beta2microglobulin.Conclusions
Injection of tinzaparin at the inlet line before the start of postdilution hemodiafiltration is associated with loss of anticoagulant activity and can therefore not be recommended. Additionally, we found that an anti-Xa above 0.3 IU/mL at the end of the session is associated with less clotting and higher dialysis adequacy.Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00756145 相似文献113.
114.
Sunny Eloot Wim Van Biesen Griet Glorieux Nathalie Neirynck Annemieke Dhondt Raymond Vanholder 《PloS one》2013,8(11)
Hemodialysis aims at removing uremic toxins thus decreasing their concentrations. The present study investigated whether Kt/Vurea, used as marker of dialysis adequacy, is correlated with these concentrations. Predialysis blood samples were taken before a midweek session in 71 chronic HD patients. Samples were analyzed by colorimetry, HPLC, or ELISA for a broad range of uremic solutes. Solute concentrations were divided into four groups according to quartiles of Kt/Vurea, and also of different other parameters with potential impact, such as age, body weight (BW), Protein equivalent of Nitrogen Appearance (PNA), Residual Renal Function (RRF), and dialysis vintage. Dichotomic concentration comparisons were performed for gender and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Analysis of Variance in quartiles of Kt/Vurea did not show significant differences for any of the solute concentrations. For PNA, however, concentrations showed significant differences for urea (P<0.001), uric acid (UA), p-cresylsulfate (PCS), and free PCS (all P<0.01), and for creatinine (Crea) and hippuric acid (HA) (both P<0.05). For RRF, concentrations varied for β2-microglobulin (P<0.001), HA, free HA, free indoxyl sulfate, and free indole acetic acid (all P<0.01), and for p-cresylglucuronide (PCG), 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (CMPF), free PCS, and free PCG (all P<0.05). Gender and body weight only showed differences for Crea and UA, while age, vintage, and diabetes mellitus only showed differences for one solute concentration (UA, UA, and free PCS, respectively). Multifactor analyses indicated a predominant association of concentration with protein intake and residual renal function. In conclusion, predialysis concentrations of uremic toxins seem to be dependent on protein equivalent of nitrogen appearance and residual renal function, and not on dialysis adequacy as assessed by Kt/Vurea. Efforts to control intestinal load of uremic toxin precursors by dietary or other interventions, and preserving RRF seem important approaches to decrease uremic solute concentration and by extension their toxicity. 相似文献
115.
Katrien de Groote Griet Velghe Hedwig K. Stals Myriam I. Baes Peter E. Declercq 《Cell biochemistry and function》1996,14(4):277-281
After incubating isolated rat hepatocytes with [1-14C]palmitic acid, CoA and ATP (+MgCl2), a significant amount of [1-14C]palmitoyl-CoA was found in the incubation medium. There was no correlation between its rate of synthesis and the degree of intactness of the cells. The results indicate that there is a long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase active on the external surface of the hepatocyte plasma membrane. The activity of this enzyme was negligible in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, suggesting that the exofacial long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase is an artifact of the collagenase perfusion technique used to prepare the hepatocytes. 相似文献
116.
117.
J. Vercauteren J. Kerharo A.-M. Morfaux G. Massiot L. Le Men-Olivier J. Le Men 《Phytochemistry》1980,19(9):1959-1961
Nine known indole alkaloids were isolated from the stem and root barks of Hunteria elliotii: aspidofractinine, eburnamenine, eburnamine, isoeburnamine, eburnamonine, kopsinine, pleiocarpamine, quebrachamine and vincadifformine, along with o-ethyleburnamine. 相似文献
118.
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120.
MA Arias GA Van Roey JS Tregoning M Moutaftsi RN Coler HP Windish SG Reed D Carter RJ Shattock 《PloS one》2012,7(7):e41144
Successful vaccine development against HIV will likely require the induction of strong, long-lasting humoral and cellular immune responses in both the systemic and mucosal compartments. Based on the known immunological linkage between the upper-respiratory and urogenital tracts, we explored the potential of nasal adjuvants to boost immunization for the induction of vaginal and systemic immune responses to gp140. Mice were immunized intranasally with HIV gp140 together with micellar and emulsion formulations of a synthetic TLR4 agonist, Glucopyranosyl Lipid Adjuvant (GLA) and responses were compared to R848, a TLR7/8 agonist, or chitosan, a non TLR adjuvant. GLA and chitosan but not R848 greatly enhanced serum immunoglobulin levels when compared to antigen alone. Both GLA and chitosan induced high IgG and IgA titers in nasal and vaginal lavage and feces. The high IgA and IgG titers in vaginal lavage were associated with high numbers of gp140-specific antibody secreting cells in the genital tract. Whilst both GLA and chitosan induced T cell responses to immunization, GLA induced a stronger Th17 response and chitosan induced a more Th2 skewed response. Our results show that GLA is a highly potent intranasal adjuvant greatly enhancing humoral and cellular immune responses, both systemically and mucosally. 相似文献