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61.
A Double-Blind,Randomised, Crossover Trial of Two Botulinum Toxin Type A in Patients with Spasticity
Fábio Coelho Guarany Paulo Dornelles Picon Nicole Ruas Guarany Antonio Cardoso dos Santos Bianca Paula Mentz Chiella Carolina Rocha Barone Lúcia Costa Cabral Fendt Pedro Schestatsky 《PloS one》2013,8(2)
Background
Botulinum toxin type A (btxA) is one of the main treatment choices for patients with spasticity. Prosigne® a new released botulinum toxin serotype A may have the same effectiveness as Botox® in focal dystonia. However, there are no randomized clinical trials comparing these formulations in spasticity treatment. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and safety of Prosigne® with Botox® in the treatment of spasticity.Methodology/Principal Findings
We performed a double-blind, randomized, crossover study consisting of 57 patients with clinically meaningful spasticity. The patients were assessed at baseline, 4 and 12 weeks after Prosigne® or Botox® administration. The main outcomes were changes in the patients’ Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) scores and adverse effects related to the botulinum toxin. Both of the toxins were significantly effective in relieving the level of spasticity in adults and children. There were no significant differences found between the Prosigne® and Botox® treatments regarding their MAS, FIM and PEDI scores. Likewise, the incidence of adverse effects was similar between the two groups.Conclusion
Our results suggest that Prosigne® and Botox® are both efficient and comparable with respect to their efficacy and safety for the three month treatment of spasticity.Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov . NCT00819065相似文献62.
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel that has been used for partial or total substitution of diesel to reduce its environmental impacts. Prior studies on this topic have focused on the quest for better synthesis process, new catalysts and low-cost non-food and raw materials to improve the economic and sustainable production as well as product quality. In this study, acidic oil from macauba, a palm tree native to South America that has no food uses, was converted into biodiesel. The esterification and transesterification reactions were performed with methanol, ethanol and isobutanol with the goal of improving the cold properties of the biodiesel. The isobutyl ester exhibited the lowest freezing point temperature but underperformed outside of international specifications for kinematic viscosity; it also exhibited a low ester content. The methyl and ethyl esters were within the specifications of the international standards for ester content, density, kinematic viscosity and sulphur content. The ethyl ester produced from macauba oil displayed better properties in cold conditions than methyl and isobutyl esters studied here, with a cold filter plugging point of 0 °C. Its onset crystallisation temperature was reduced from ?5.96 to ?13.41 °C when subjected to fractional crystallisation. The ethyl ester exhibited the best lubricity value among the other esters studied. 相似文献
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Rosana S Lopes Marcelo M Cardoso Arthur O Sampaio Mario Santos BarbosaJr Celice C Souza Michelle C da Silva Elane Magno N Ferreira Marco Aurelio M Freire Rafael Rodrigues Lima Walace Gomes-Leal 《Journal of biosciences》2016,41(3):381-394
Neuroblasts from the subventricular zone (SVZ) migrate to striatum following stroke, but most of them die in the ischaemic milieu and this can be related to exacerbated microglial activation. Here, we explored the effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory indomethacin on microglial activation, neuronal preservation and neuroblast migration following experimental striatal stroke in adult rats. Animals were submitted to endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced focal striatal ischaemia and were treated with indomethacin or sterile saline (i.p.) for 7 days, being perfused after 8 or 14 days. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess neuronal loss (anti-NeuN), microglial activation (anti-Iba1, ED1) and migrating neuroblasts (anti-DCX) by counting NeuN, ED1 and DCX-positive cells in the ischaemic striatum or SVZ. Indomethacin treatment reduced microglia activation and the number of ED1+ cells in both 8 and 14 days post injury as compared with controls. There was an increase in the number of DCX+ cells in both SVZ and striatum at the same survival times. Moreover, there was a decrease in the number of NeuN+ cells in indomethacin-treated animals as compared with the control group at 8 days but not after 14 days post injury. Our results suggest that indomethacin treatment modulates microglia activation, contributing to increased neuroblast proliferation in the SVZ and migration to the ischaemic striatum following stroke. 相似文献
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Manuel J. Steinbauer Richard Field John‐Arvid Grytnes Panayiotis Trigas Claudine Ah‐Peng Fabio Attorre H. John B. Birks Paulo A. V. Borges Pedro Cardoso Chang‐Hung Chou Michele De Sanctis Miguel M. de Sequeira Maria C. Duarte Rui B. Elias José María Fernández‐Palacios Rosalina Gabriel Roy E. Gereau Rosemary G. Gillespie Josef Greimler David E. V. Harter Tsurng‐Juhn Huang Severin D. H. Irl Daniel Jeanmonod Anke Jentsch Alistair S. Jump Christoph Kueffer Sandra Nogué Rüdiger Otto Jonathan Price Maria M. Romeiras Dominique Strasberg Tod Stuessy Jens‐Christian Svenning Ole R. Vetaas Carl Beierkuhnlein 《Global Ecology and Biogeography》2016,25(9):1097-1107
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Fellippo Ramos Verri Ronaldo Silva Cruz Victor Eduardo de Souza Batista Daniel Augusto de Faria Almeida Ana Caroline Gonçales Verri Cleidiel Aparecido de Araújo Lemos 《Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering》2016,19(15):1665-1672
The aim of this study was to assess stress/strain of different implant modeling simplifications by 3D-FEA. Three variation of external hexagon implant (Ø3.75?×?10 mm) supporting one molar crown were simulated: A (no threads); B (slightly threads simplification); C (original design). 200 N (axial) and 100 N (oblique) were applied. Cortical bone was evaluated by maximum principal stress and microstrain qualitatively and quantitatively (ANOVA and Tukey post hoc (p < 0.05)). Higher stress levels (p < 0.05) were observed in model A. Models B and C presented similar stress transmission. It was possible to conclude that slightly simplification should be used for studies evaluating stress transferring for bone tissue. 相似文献