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911.
Eduardo Freitas Moreira Rafaela Lorena da Silva Santos Uiré Lopes Penna Catalina Angel-Coca Favízia Freitas de Oliveira Blandina Felipe Viana 《Journal of Insect Conservation》2016,20(4):583-596
The global initiatives of monitoring and conserving pollinators require worldwide assessments with comparable data sets collected through standardized methods. The use of pan traps is a passive method widely applied to sample flower visitors, standing out for its simplicity. Despite its wide use to sample pollinator diversity, the influence of color on trap efficiency is not well understood. The available studies are particularly scarce in the tropics and have generated divergent results. The main goal of the present study was to assess whether blue, yellow and white pan traps are complementary to sample Hymenoptera community. For this, we placed 49 sample units of blue, white and yellow pan traps in agricultural and natural (savanna-like) areas in Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. We found that the species richness from blue and yellow pan traps were not significantly different, but both were significantly greater than the species richness from white pan traps. However, bees were significantly more attracted to the blue pan traps and wasps to the yellow ones; thus, color attractiveness was group-specific. Pan traps of different color showed low species composition overlap with 61 % of species collected exclusively in one of the three pan trap colors, and the species composition in the blue traps differed consistently from that in the traps of the other colors. In the article we discuss the implication of the results and defend the combined use of pan traps with different colors as a solution for the differential variable sample bias. 相似文献
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Orlando Luis de Andrade Santarém Roberto de Cleva Flávia Megumi Sasaya Marianna Siqueira de Assump??o Meive Santos Furtado Alfonso Julio Guedes Barbato Paulo Herman 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the long-term cardiovascular and pulmonary hemodynamic effects of surgical shunt for treatment of portal hypertension (PH) due to Schistosomiasis mansoni.LocationThe University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil; Public Practice.MethodsHemodynamic evaluation was performed with transesophageal Doppler and contrast-enhanced echocardiography (ECHO) on twenty-eight participants with schistosomal portal hypertension. Participants were divided into two groups according to the surgical procedure used to treat their schistosomal portal hypertension within the last two years: group 1—distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS, n = 13) and group 2—esophagogastric devascularization and splenectomy (EGDS, n = 15).ResultsThe cardiac output (5.08 ± 0.91 L/min) and systolic volume (60.1 ± 5.6 ml) were increased (p = 0.001) in the DSRS group. DSRS participants had a significant increase (p < 0.0001) in their left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters as well as in their left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (p < 0.001) compared with the preoperative period. No statistically significant difference was found in the patients who underwent EGDS. ECHO revealed intrapulmonary vasodilatation (IPV) in 18 participants (64%), 9 DSRS and 9 EGDS (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe late increase in the cardiac output, stroke volume and left ventricular diameters demonstrated left ventricular dilatation after a distal splenorenal shunt. ECHO revealed a greater prevalence for IPV in patients with schistosomiasis than has previously been described in patients with PH from liver cirrhosis. 相似文献
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Gulnar Azevedo e Silva Lenildo de Moura Maria Paula Curado Fabio da Silva Gomes Ubirani Otero Leandro Fórnias Machado de Rezende Regina Paiva Daumas Raphael Mendon?a Guimar?es Karina Cardoso Meira Iuri da Costa Leite Joaquim Gon?alves Valente Ronaldo Ismério Moreira Rosalina Koifman Deborah Carvalho Malta Marcia Sarpa de Campos Mello Thiago Wagnos Guimar?es Guedes Paolo Boffetta 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
Many human cancers develop as a result of exposure to risk factors related to the environment and ways of life. The aim of this study was to estimate attributable fractions of 25 types of cancers resulting from exposure to modifiable risk factors in Brazil. The prevalence of exposure to selected risk factors among adults was obtained from population-based surveys conducted from 2000 to 2008. Risk estimates were based on data drawn from meta-analyses or large, high quality studies. Population-attributable fractions (PAF) for a combination of risk factors, as well as the number of preventable deaths and cancer cases, were calculated for 2020. The known preventable risk factors studied will account for 34% of cancer cases among men and 35% among women in 2020, and for 46% and 39% deaths, respectively. The highest attributable fractions were estimated for tobacco smoking, infections, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, excess weight, reproductive factors, and physical inactivity. This is the first study to systematically estimate the fraction of cancer attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in Brazil. Strategies for primary prevention of tobacco smoking and control of infection and the promotion of a healthy diet and physical activity should be the main priorities in policies for cancer prevention in the country. 相似文献
916.
Bianca de Sousa Rangel Douglas de Castro Ribeiro Jumma M. A. Chagas Lucas Spada Renata G. Moreira Cristiéle da Silva Ribeiro 《Journal of fish biology》2020,97(2):546-551
Elasmobranchs are particularly vulnerable to overexploitation and population depletion, especially due to their life-history traits, such as low reproductive output and slow growth. Given that capture-induced parturition (abortion or premature birth) is a common consequence of fisheries in elasmobranchs, but still little studied, we investigated how the abortion/premature birth process varies in response to reproductive traits in a freshwater stingray, Potamotrygon amandae. Our results revealed that capture-induced parturition was affected by reproductive traits, such as litter size (one to seven) and gestation stage. The event occurred faster in pregnant females with high litter size during late pregnancy. Also, as found in other elasmobranchs, litter size was positively correlated with maternal size. These findings indicate that larger pregnant females in late pregnancy are more vulnerable to capture-induced parturition. This study improves our understanding of the capture-induced parturition process in stingrays, and provides useful information for management strategies and future recommendations for elasmobranch conservation. 相似文献
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919.
Aloma Nogueira Rebello Da Silva Gabriel Rodrigues Coutinho Pereira Lorena Giannini Alves Moreira Catielly Ferreira Rocha Joelma Freire De Mesquita 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2019,120(10):17822-17830
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the selective loss of motor neurons. Approximately 5% to 10% of patients with ALS have a family history of the disease, and approximately 20% of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS) cases are associated with mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). In this study, we evaluated the structural and functional effects of human A4F and A4V SOD1 protein mutations. We performed an in silico analysis using prediction algorithms of nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) associated with the fALS development. Our structural conservation results show that the mutations analyzed (A4V and A4F) were in a highly conserved region. Molecular dynamics simulations using the Linux GROMACS package revealed how these mutations affect protein structure, protein stability, and aggregation. These results suggest that there might be an effect on the SOD1 function. Understanding the molecular basis of disease provides new insights useful for rational drug design and advancing our understanding of the ALS development. 相似文献
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