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排序方式: 共有586条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
581.
582.
Suleyman Aydin Ersel Dag Yusuf Ozkan Fazilet Erman Adile Ferda Dagli Nermin Kilic İbrahim Sahin Fikret Karatas Tahir Yoldas Abdullah Onder Barim Yalcin Kendir 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2009,328(1-2):49-56
Nesfatin-1 and ghrelin are the two recently discovered peptide hormones involved in the control of appetite. Besides its main appetite-control function, ghrelin also has anticonvulsant effects, while nesfatin-1 causes depolarization in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). The aims of this study, therefore, were to investigate: (i) whether there are differences in the concentrations of nesfatin-1 and ghrelin in saliva and serum samples between eplilepsy patients and normal controls and (ii) whether salivary glands produce nesfatin-1. The study included a total of 73 subjects: 8 patients who were newly diagnosed with primary generalized seizures and had recently started antiepileptic drug therapy; 21 who had primary generalized seizures and were continuing with established antiepileptic drug therapy; 24 who had partial seizures (simple: n = 12 or complex: n = 12) and were continuing with established antiepileptic drug therapy; and 20 controls. Salivary gland tissue samples were analyzed for nesfatin-1 expression by immunochemistry and ELISA. Saliva and serum ghrelin levels were measured by ELISA and RIA, and nesfatin-1 levels by ELISA. Nesfatin-1 immunoreactivity was detected in the striated and interlobular parts of the salivary glands and the ducts. The nesfatin-1 level in the brain was around 12 times higher than in the salivary gland. Before antiepileptic treatment, both saliva and serum nesfatin-1 levels were around 160-fold higher in patients who are newly diagnosed with primary generalized epilepsy (PGE) than in controls; these levels decreased with treatment but remained about 10 times higher than the control values. Saliva and serum nesfatin-1 levels from patients with PGE and partial epilepsies who were continuing antiepileptic drugs were also 10-fold higher than control values. Serum and saliva ghrelin levels were significantly (twofold) lower in epileptic patients before treatment than in controls; they recovered somewhat with treatment but remained below the control values. These results suggest that the low ghrelin and especially the dramatically elevated nesfatin-1 levels might contribute to the pathophyisology of epilepsy. Therefore, serum and saliva ghrelin and especially the remarkably increased nesfatin-1 might be candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of epilepsy and for monitoring the response to anti-epileptic treatment. 相似文献
583.
584.
P. M. Guyre Robert F. Graziano Joel Goldstein Paul K. Wallace Peter M. Morganelli Kathleen Wardwell Alexandra L. Howell 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1997,45(3-4):146-148
A major challenge for using native and modified T cell epitopes to induce or suppress immunity relates to achieving efficient
uptake and processing by antigen-presenting cells (APC) in vivo. IgG Fc receptors, which are expressed constitutively by professional
APC including monocytes and dendritic cells, have long been known to mediate antigen uptake in a manner leading to efficient
T cell activation. We have previously demonstrated enhanced presentation of antigenic and antagonistic peptides by targeting
them to the type I Fc receptor for IgG (FcγRI, CD64) on human monocytes. In the present report we review the literature suggesting
that CD64-targeted antigens are likely to be effective in vivo, and present data demonstrating enhanced immunogenicity in
CD64 transgenic mice of a fusion protein that combines the specificities of HIV gp120 and the humanized anti-CD64 monoclonal
antibody H22. Overall, these studies suggest that targeting antigens to CD64 represents an effective approach to enhancing
the effectiveness of vaccines in vivo.
Accepted: 14 October 1997 相似文献
585.
Isabella Barajon Graziano Serrao Francesca Arnaboldi Emanuela Opizzi Gerlomina Ripamonti Andrea Balsari Cristiano Rumio 《The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry》2009,57(11):1013-1023
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of innate immunity receptors belonging to the Toll-like family in the neural plexuses of the different tracts of murine intestine, of the human ileum, and in lower dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) from where extrinsic afferents to these plexuses originate. Results obtained by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence on paraffin-embedded tissue and whole-mount preparations show that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) -3 and -7, recognizing viral RNA, and TLR4, recognizing lipopolysaccharide (membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria), are expressed in the myenteric and submucous plexuses of murine intestine and human ileum, and in DRGs primary sensory neurons. They also show that TLR4 immunostaining is stronger in murine distal large bowel. In murine tissue, expression of TLRs was present in both neurons and glial cells. These observations indicate that the enteric neural network might be directly activated by bacterial and viral components and is therefore more in the forefront than previously envisaged in defense responses of the intestinal wall and in the cross-talk with intestinal microbiota. They also highlight the presence of a peripheral neural network that by way of hardwired neurotransmission could potentially convey to the central nervous system specific information on our microbial counterpart and invading or potentially invading pathogens. (J Histochem Cytochem 57:1013–1023, 2009) 相似文献
586.