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91.
A new type of compression chamber for microscopic studies of living microorganisms is described. This broadly applicable instrument allows controlled slowing down, turning and compression of vagile organisms. It has been developed for use with different types of microscopes, especially the modern inverted versions. Due to the extremely flat design, illumination according to the Köhler principles is guaranteed. Therefore, all modern procedures such as bright-, darkfield, phase-contrast, differential interference contrast, polarized and fluorescent microscopy can be carried out. Once focused, parfocal objective lenses (even oil immersion high power objectives) can be interchanged without refocusing. The chamber is composed of three basic elements: (1) baseplate, with cylindrical head-piece, (2) compression ring for vertical adjustment, (3) rotor, non-threaded and gliding on viscous silicon. An upper and a lower circular coverslip is permanently glued to the rotor and baseplate respectively. Preparation and interchange of the specimens are rapidly done by lifting and subsequent insertion of the non-threaded rotor. Thus, the new chamber is an almost non-evaporating closed system and the organisms to be studied are preserved alive for many hours. Except when high power magnifications are used, the principles, on which the compression chamber is based, allow various modifications in outfitting and design, such as transformation into a continuous flow system for fresh- or seawater, or exchange of media at choice. The chamber and its function is compared with similar instruments, such as the rotocompressor and the Spoon microcompressor. 相似文献
92.
Daniela S. Bundschuh Stefan Uhlig Marcel Leist Achim Sauer Albrecht Wendel 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》1995,31(9):684-691
Summary Lung cell culture may be useful as anin vitro alternative to study the susceptibility of the lung to various toxic agents. Lungs from female Wistar rats were enzymatically
digested by recirculating perfusion through the pulmonary artery with a sequence of solutions containing deoxyribonuclease,
chymopapain, pronase, collagenase, and elastase. Lung tissue was microdissected and resuspended and the cells obtained were
washed by centrifugation. By this isolation method, 2×108 cells per rat lung were obtained with an average viability of 97%. Lung cells cultured in medium containing antibiotics and
serum maintained a viability of >70% for 5 d. Rat primary lung cells were exposed to various toxic agents and their viability
was assessed by formazan production capacity after 18 h of incubation. Compared to rat and mouse hepatocyte cultures (EC50=5.8 mM), rat primary lung cells were much more susceptible to hydrogen peroxide (EC50=0.6 mM). All cell types were equally sensitive to the more potent toxicanttert-butylhydroperoxide (EC50=0.1 mM). Paraquat was more toxic to lung cells (EC50=0.03 mM) than to rat (EC50=2.8 mM) and mouse (EC50=0.2 mM) hepatocytes. In contrast, rat lung cells were less sensitive to sodium nitroprusside (EC50=2.6 mM) compared to rat (EC50=0.2 mM) and mouse (EC50=0.03 mM) hepatocytes. Nitrofurantoin and menadione (at EC50=0.04 mM and 0.006 mM, respectively) were more toxic to rat lung and liver cells than to murine hepatocytes (EC50=0.2 mM and 0.04 mM, respectively). Our findings demonstrate the applicability of this rat primary lung cell culture for studying the effects
of lung toxicants.
Parts of the study had been presented orally at the meeting of the German Society of Toxicology and Pharmacology in Mainz
(FRG), March 15–17, 1994. 相似文献
93.
R Uhlig 《Folia haematologica (Leipzig, Germany : 1928)》1989,116(2):321-329
The change from paid blood donation to that made within the Red Cross Organization at the Erfurt District Institute for Blood Donation and Transfusion Service is reflected in the altered composition of the donor population. Team A (n = 4903) consists of "traditional" paid blood donors and Red Cross blood donors. It is characterized as follows: - approximately equal percentage of men and women, - high percentage of working class people with skilled worker's certificate. Women are relatively less frequent among blood donors than men, they are more frequently represented, however, as Red Cross blood donors. Team B (n = 759) covers all new blood donors since 1986, exclusively Red Cross blood donors. It is characterized as follows: - women are represented by 69% (predominantly female students), - the highest percentage (42%) of the team is made up of students. The percentage of blood donors from working class people with a skilled worker's certificate correspond to GDR average. Among the donors graduates from technical colleges and universities are overrepresented, whereas trained working class people with a skilled worker's certificate and those without it are underrepresented. Members of the staff of the municipal health service and Medical Academy as well as students of medicine and education made up the highest percentage of blood donors. About 17% of all members of the medical health service are blood donors, far more than in other branches of Erfurt. 相似文献
94.
D. Bernacchi T. Beck-Bunn D. Emmatty Y. Eshed S. Inai J. Lopez V. Petiard H. Sayama J. Uhlig D. Zamir S. Tanksley 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(7):1191-1196
Improved-processing tomato lines were produced by the molecular breeding strategy of advanced backcross QTL (AB-QTL) analysis.
These near-isogenic lines (NILs) contained unique introgressions of wild alleles originating from two donor wild species,
Lycopersicon hirsutum (LA1777) and L. pimpinellifolium (LA1589). Wild alleles targeted for trait improvement were selected on the basis of previously published replicated QTL data
obtained from advanced backcross populations for a battery of important agronomic traits. Twenty three NILs were developed
for 15 genomic regions which were predicted to contain 25 quantitative trait factors for the improvement of seven agronomic
traits: total yield, red yield, soluble solids, brix×red yield, viscosity, fruit color, and fruit firmness. An evaluation
of the agronomic performance of the NILs in five locations worldwide revealed that 22 out of the 25 (88%) quantitative factors
showed the phenotypic improvement predicted by QTL analysis of the BC3 populations, as NILs in at least one location. Per-location gains over the elite control ranged from 9% to 59% for brix×red
yield; 14% to 33% for fruit color; 17% to 34% for fruit firmness; 6% to 22% for soluble-solids content; 7% to 22% for viscosity;
15% to 48% for red yield, and 20% to 28% for total yield. The inheritance of QTLs, the implementation of the AB-QTL methodology
for characterizing unadapted germplasm and the applicability of this method to other crops are discussed.
Theor Appl Genet (1998) 97 : 170–180
Received: 27 October 1997 / Accepted: 25 November 1997 相似文献
95.
96.
Ugurel S Uhlig D Pföhler C Tilgen W Schadendorf D Reinhold U 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2004,53(6):551-559
Antigen-presenting cells are crucial for the induction of an antigen-specific antitumoral immune response. Deteriorations in the expression pattern of cell surface molecules important for the presentation of antigens might therefore be indicative of an impaired immune response status in cancer patients. In the present study we investigated the expression of MHC class I and class II molecules, of the costimulatory molecules CD80/B7-1 and CD86/B7-2, of the adhesion molecule CD11c, and of the marker of activation CD71 on CD14+ peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) from 144 melanoma patients in different stages of disease and 43 healthy controls, by flow cytometric analysis. We found a decreased expression of HLA-DR (p<0.0005), HLA-DQ (p=0.006), HLA-DP (p<0.0005), and CD86/B7-2 (p=0.001) on PBMs from melanoma patients compared with healthy controls, whereas no significant difference could be detected in the expression of HLA class I antigens and CD80/B7-1. This down-regulated expression was associated with disease progression. In contrast, CD71 expression was stage-dependently increased on PBMs from melanoma patients compared with healthy controls (p=0.024). No correlation was found between the PBM surface expression pattern and age, gender, tumor load, and current mode of therapy of the patients. The observed down-regulation of HLA class II and CD86/B7-2 on melanoma patients PBMs might reflect an ineffective antigen-presenting function contributing to an impaired antigen-specific immune response in these patients.Both authors S. Ugurel and D. Uhlig contributed equally to this work 相似文献
97.
F Wagner S Rottem H D Held S Uhlig U Z?hringer 《European journal of biochemistry》2000,267(20):6276-6286
Two new ether lipids, 1-O-alkyl/alkenyl-2-O-acyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine and its lyso form, 1-O-alkyl/alkenyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine, were identified in the cell membrane of Mycoplasma fermentans using chemical analyses, GLC-MS, MALDI-TOF MS, and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The lipids are heterogeneous with respect to both acyl and alkyl/alkenyl residues. The acyl residues at position 2 of glycerol are hexadecanoyl and octadecanoyl in a molar ratio of 3.6 : 1 with a trace amount of octadecenoyl. The alkyl/alkenyl residues at position 1 of glycerol are hexadecyl (78%), octadecyl (7%), octadecenyl (14%), and hexadecenyl (traces). In the octadecenyl residue, the double bond has a cis configuration and is located at either position 1' (plasmalogen-type lipid) or 9' in a ratio approximately 1 : 1. This is the first report of the presence of alkyl and vinyl (alk-1'-enyl) ether lipids in the cell membrane of aerobically grown mycoplasmas. Lipids of this type have been found in some Gram-positive bacteria, thus supporting the hypothesized close taxonomical relationship of these bacteria to mycoplasmas. The ether lipids of M. fermentans are structurally similar to platelet activating factor; it was demonstrated that the 2-O-acetylated lyso form lipid can mimic platelet-activating factor activity in isolated perfused and ventilated rat lungs. 相似文献
98.
Marthe T. Maehlen Sella A. Provan Diederik P. C. de Rooy Annette H. M. van der Helm - van Mil Annemarie Krabben Tore Saxne Elisabet Lindqvist Anne Grete Semb Till Uhlig Désirée van der Heijde Inger Lise Mero Inge C. Olsen Tore K. Kvien Benedicte A. Lie 《PloS one》2013,8(4)
Objective
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lipid levels. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an association has been found with disease activity. We examined the associations between APOE genotypes and disease susceptibility and markers of disease severity in RA, including radiographic joint damage, inflammatory markers, lipid levels and cardiovascular markers.Method
A Norwegian cohort of 945 RA patients and 988 controls were genotyped for two APOE polymorphisms. We examined longitudinal associations between APOE genotypes and C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as well as hand radiographs (van der Heijde Sharp Score(SHS)) in 207 patients with 10 year longitudinal data. Lipid levels, cardiovascular markers and history of CVD were compared across genotypes in a cross sectional study of 136 patients. Longitudinal radiological data of cohorts from Lund and Leiden were available for replication. (N = 935, with 4799 radiographs).Results
In the Norwegian cohort, associations between APOE genotypes and total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) were observed (ε2<ε3/ε3<ε4, p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively). No association was present for acute phase reactant or CVD markers, but a longitudinal linear association between APOE genotypes and radiographic joint damage was observed (p = 0.007). No association between APOE genotypes and the severity of joint destruction was observed in the Lund and Leiden cohorts, and a meta- analysis combining all data was negative.Conclusion
APOE genotypes are associated with lipid levels in patients with RA, and may contribute to dyslipidemia in some patients. APOE genotypes are not consistently associated with markers of inflammation or joint destruction in RA. 相似文献99.
Christopher Uhlig Pedro L Silva Débora Ornellas Raquel S Santos Paulo J Miranda Peter M Spieth Thomas Kiss Michael Kasper B?rbel Wiedemann Thea Koch Marcelo M Morales Paolo Pelosi Marcelo Gama de Abreu Patricia RM Rocco 《Respiratory research》2014,15(1):56
Introduction
We investigated the effects of intravenous and intratracheal administration of salbutamol on lung morphology and function, expression of ion channels, aquaporin, and markers of inflammation, apoptosis, and alveolar epithelial/endothelial cell damage in experimental pulmonary (p) and extrapulmonary (exp) mild acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods
In this prospective randomized controlled experimental study, 56 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to mild ARDS induced by either intratracheal (n = 28, ARDSp) or intraperitoneal (n = 28, ARDSexp) administration of E. coli lipopolysaccharide. Four animals with no lung injury served as controls (NI). After 24 hours, animals were anesthetized, mechanically ventilated in pressure-controlled mode with low tidal volume (6 mL/kg), and randomly assigned to receive salbutamol (SALB) or saline 0.9% (CTRL), intravenously (i.v., 10 μg/kg/h) or intratracheally (bolus, 25 μg). Salbutamol doses were targeted at an increase of ≈ 20% in heart rate. Hemodynamics, lung mechanics, and arterial blood gases were measured before and after (at 30 and 60 min) salbutamol administration. At the end of the experiment, lungs were extracted for analysis of lung histology and molecular biology analysis. Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and fold changes relative to NI, CTRL vs. SALB.Results
The gene expression of ion channels and aquaporin was increased in mild ARDSp, but not ARDSexp. In ARDSp, intravenous salbutamol resulted in higher gene expression of alveolar epithelial sodium channel (0.20 ± 0.07 vs. 0.68 ± 0.24, p < 0.001), aquaporin-1 (0.44 ± 0.09 vs. 0.96 ± 0.12, p < 0.001) aquaporin-3 (0.31 ± 0.12 vs. 0.93 ± 0.20, p < 0.001), and Na-K-ATPase-α (0.39 ± 0.08 vs. 0.92 ± 0.12, p < 0.001), whereas intratracheal salbutamol increased the gene expression of aquaporin-1 (0.46 ± 0.11 vs. 0.92 ± 0.06, p < 0.001) and Na-K-ATPase-α (0.32 ± 0.07 vs. 0.58 ± 0.15, p < 0.001). In ARDSexp, the gene expression of ion channels and aquaporin was not influenced by salbutamol. Morphological and functional variables and edema formation were not affected by salbutamol in any of the ARDS groups, regardless of the route of administration.Conclusion
Salbutamol administration increased the expression of alveolar epithelial ion channels and aquaporin in mild ARDSp, but not ARDSexp, with no effects on lung morphology and function or edema formation. These results may contribute to explain the negative effects of β2-agonists on clinical outcome in ARDS. 相似文献100.
Verena A. Lambermont Marco Schlepütz Constanze Dassow Peter K?nig Luc J. Zimmermann Stefan Uhlig Boris W. Kramer Christian Martin 《PloS one》2014,9(9)