排序方式: 共有183条查询结果,搜索用时 609 毫秒
101.
Cristiane Varella Lisboa Rafael Veríssimo Monteiro Andreia Fonseca Martins Samantha Cristina das Chagas Xavier Valdirene dos Santos Lima Ana Maria Jansen 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(3):394-402
Here, we present a review of the dataset resulting from the 11-years follow-up of
Trypanosoma cruzi infection in free-ranging populations of
Leontopithecus rosalia (golden lion tamarin) and
Leontopithecus chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarin) from
distinct forest fragments in Atlantic Coastal Rainforest. Additionally, we present
new data regarding T. cruzi infection of small mammals (rodents and
marsupials) that live in the same areas as golden lion tamarins and characterisation
at discrete typing unit (DTU) level of 77 of these isolates. DTU TcII was found to
exclusively infect primates, while TcI infected Didelphis aurita and
lion tamarins. The majority of T. cruzi isolates derived from
L. rosalia were shown to be TcII (33 out 42) Nine T.
cruzi isolates displayed a TcI profile. Golden-headed lion tamarins
demonstrated to be excellent reservoirs of TcII, as 24 of 26 T.
cruzi isolates exhibited the TcII profile. We concluded the following:
(i) the transmission cycle of T. cruzi in a same host species and
forest fragment is modified over time, (ii) the infectivity competence of the golden
lion tamarin population fluctuates in waves that peak every other year and (iii) both
golden and golden-headed lion tamarins are able to maintain long-lasting infections
by TcII and TcI. 相似文献
102.
Andressa Duran Marcio R. Pie 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2015,69(9):2496-2506
Climatic niches have increasingly become a nexus in our understanding of a variety of ecological and evolutionary phenomena, from species distributions to latitudinal diversity gradients. Despite the increasing availability of comprehensive datasets on species ranges, phylogenetic histories, and georeferenced environmental conditions, studies on the evolution of climate niches have only begun to understand how niches evolve over evolutionary timescales. Here, using primates as a model system, we integrate recently developed phylogenetic comparative methods, species distribution patterns, and climatic data to explore primate climatic niche evolution, both among clades and over time. In general, we found that simple, constant‐rate models provide a poor representation of how climatic niches evolve. For instance, there have been shifts in the rate of climatic niche evolution in several independent clades, particularly in response to the increasingly cooler climates of the past 10 My. Interestingly, rate accelerations greatly outnumbered rate decelerations. These results highlight the importance of considering more realistic evolutionary models that allow for the detection of heterogeneity in the tempo and mode of climatic niche evolution, as well as to infer possible constraining factors for species distributions in geographical space. 相似文献
103.
Marcela Figuerêdo Duarte Moraes Andressa de Souza Pollo Estevam Guilherme Lux Hoppe 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2022,16(3)
Onchocercidae nematodes are heteroxenous parasites with worldwide distribution, and some of the species associated to animals may present zoonotic potential. Climatic changes and anthropic influences on the environment may result in vectors’ proliferation, facilitating the spillover to humans and/or non-typical animal hosts. The Iguaçu National Park (PARNA Iguaçu), one of the most important Brazilian natural remanescents of Atlantic rainforest, is strongly affected by human activities such as tourism and agriculture. The complexity of this area is especially characterized by the close nexus between the rich wildlife, humans, and domestic animals, especially domestic dogs. Based on this, this research aimed to diagnose the Onchocercidae nematodes in wild carnivores and domestic dogs in the PARNA Iguaçu and the surrounding areas. For this, we collected 162 samples of seven species of wild carnivores and 225 samples of domestic dogs. The presence of microfilariae in the blood samples was diagnosed by the modified Knott’s test and molecular screening, and the specific identification was based on sequencing of the myoHC and hsp70 genes. Microfilariae were detected only in ring-tailed coatis, in which we found five species: Mansonella sp. 1, Mansonela sp. 2, Onchocercidade gen. sp. 1, Onchocercidade gen. sp. 2, and Dirofilaria immitis. The morphological analysis supported the molecular findings. The domestic dogs were parasitized by Acanthocheilonema reconditum, representing a new locality record for this species. Phylogenetic analysis showed high genetic similarity among the four undetermined species and Mansonella spp., Brugia spp., and Wuchereria bancrofti. The presence of D. immitis in ring-tailed coatis may be result of spillover from dogs, even though the parasite was not diagnosed in the sampled dogs. The presence of several undetermined Onchocercidae species indicates the necessity of continuous investigations on wild and domestic animals from Neotropical area, especially considering the growing anthropic influence on forest remnants. 相似文献
104.
Andressa Caroline Flores João Alencar Pamphile Maria Helena Sarragiotto Edmar Clemente 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2013,29(5):923-932
The compound 3-nitropropionic acid is a potent neurotoxic agent in animals and well-known as a potent inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this research, we were able to extract this compound from the endophytic fungus, Phomopsis longicolla (FJ62759), isolated from Trichilia elegans A. JUSS ssp. elegans. The aim of this study was the isolation of secondary metabolites produced by P. longicolla, the chemical identification of these compounds and evaluation of their antimicrobial and insecticidal activity. To accomplish these goals, the fungus was cultured in BD broth for 25 days without agitation at 28 °C, and then the broth was separated from the mycelium. The supernatant was partitioned with dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and butanol (BuOH) solvents resulting in 3 extracts. However, only the EtOAc extract was used for fractionation and chemical identification because it had the greatest mass. After common chromatographic procedures, the fractions were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance to elucidate the chemical components. This procedure resulted in the identification of 3-nitropropionic acid in the D fraction. Evaluation of the insecticidal and antimicrobial activity of this compound has been accomplished, and the results indicate good inhibition of the citrus pathogen Guignardia citricarpa and cocoa pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa and slight inhibition of the human bacterial pathogens Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella typhi and slight inhibition of phytopathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. The evaluation of insecticide activity did not show mortality of the Diatraea saccharalis larvae by the metabolite 3-nitropropionic acid in the D fraction. The results suggest that P. longicolla is a bioactive metabolic producing endophytic fungus with biotechnological properties. 相似文献
105.
Andressa Alencastre Fuzari Rodrigues Vanessa de Araújo Barbosa José Dilermando Andrade Filho Reginaldo Pe?anha Brazil 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2013,108(7):943-946
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the state of Rio de Janeiro is sporadic and can
be characterised as a peridomestic transmission that occurs in modified natural
environments. The aim of this work was to study the fauna and ecological
characteristics of sandflies in an environmentally protected area (the State
Park of Serra da Tiririca) within the remnants of the Atlantic Forest in the
municipalities of Niterói and Maricá and their possible relationship with
leishmaniasis. Captures were performed using light traps during the night once a
month for one year in both sylvatic environments and areas surrounding homes
near the park. A total of 1,037 sandflies were captured, belonging to nine
genera and 12 species: Evandromyia tupynambai (34.1%),
Migonemyia migonei (20.6%), Brumptomyia
cunhai (13.8%), Micropygomyia schreiberi (9.7%),
Psathyromyia lanei (6.5%), Brumptomyia
nitzulescui (5.7%), Evandromyia edwardsi
(5.4%), Nyssomyia intermedia (2.8%), Evandromyia
cortelezzii (0.6%), Pintomyia bianchigalatiae
(0.5%), Lutzomyia longipalpis (0.2%) and Sciopemyia
microps (0.1%). Both Mg. migonei and Ny.
intermedia may be acting as vectors of CL in this area. 相似文献
106.
Camila S. Souza Gudryan J. Baronio Carlos E. Weirich Andressa F. Oliveira Bruno H. dos Santos Ferreira Rafael Arruda Camila Aoki 《Ecological Entomology》2020,45(6):1337-1345
- Seasonal changes in environments may not only affect habitat connectivity but may also affect its use by species and their interactions. Thus, during the flood season, ants are forced to develop survival strategies such as vertical plant migration.
- According to this, it has been hypothesized that the presence of ants may directly affect plant-pollinator interactions.
- Thus, we asked the following questions: (i) Are floral visitors of Hyptis brevipes expelled due to ant presence on inflorescences during the flood period? (ii) Is the ant effect mediated by the abundance of ants foraging on inflorescences? And, (iii) Does flower abundance predict the abundance of floral visits and ants?
- We experimentally sampled 59 H. brevipes plants with and without ants during the flooded season, and observed no differences in flower abundance between ant treatments.
- The probability of detaining floral visitors on H. brevipes increased with ant abundance and exceeded 50% possible repellency, but the probability of visitor deterrence was not related to flower abundance. Furthermore, the abundance of flowers did not predict the number of ants on H. brevipes individuals or the frequency of floral visits.
- Consequently, ant repelling effects are pronounced when there are more ants foraging on plants. However, the ant repelling effect can be mitigated when plants flourish all year-round and exhibit higher concentrations of flowers in the dry months. Additionally, the different sexual functions of plants may present specific responses due to the explosive pollination mechanism associated with ant effects.
107.
108.
Friggeri A Banerjee S Xie N Cui H De Freitas A Zerfaoui M Dupont H Abraham E Liu G 《Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)》2012,18(1):825-833
The uptake and clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages and other phagocytic cells, a process called efferocytosis, is a major component in the resolution of inflammation. Increased concentrations of extracellular histones are found during acute inflammatory states and appear to contribute to organ system dysfunction and mortality. In these studies, we examined the potential role of histones in modulating efferocytosis. We found that phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils or thymocytes by macrophages was significantly diminished in the presence of histones H3 or H4, but not histone H1. Histone H3 demonstrated direct binding to macrophages, an effect that was diminished by preincubation of macrophages with the opsonins growth arrest–specific gene 6 (Gas6) and milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor (EGF) 8 (MFG-E8). Incubation of histone H3 with soluble αvβ5 integrin and Mer, but not with αvβ3, diminished its binding to macrophages. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by alveolar macrophages in vivo was diminished in the presence of histone H3. Incubation of histone H3 with activated protein C, a treatment that degrades histones, abrogated its inhibitory effects on efferocytosis under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The present studies demonstrate that histones have inhibitory effects on efferocytosis, suggesting a new mechanism by which extracellular histones contribute to acute inflammatory processes and tissue injury. 相似文献
109.
In this study, we evaluated whether human serum and lipoproteins, especially high-density lipoprotein (HDL), affected serum amyloid A (SAA)-induced cytokine release. We verified the effects of SAA on THP-1 cells in serum-free medium compared to medium containing human serum or lipoprotein-deficient serum. SAA-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production was higher in the medium containing lipoprotein-deficient serum than in the medium containing normal human serum. The addition of HDL inhibited the SAA-induced TNF-α release in a dose-dependent manner. This inhibitory effect was specific for HDL and was not affected by low-density lipoprotein or very low-density lipoprotein. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the inhibitory effect of HDL on TNF-α production induced by SAA was less pronounced. However, this effect was significant when HDL was added to lipoprotein-deficient medium. In addition, a similar inhibitory effect was observed for interleukin-1 beta release. These findings confirm the important role of HDL and support our previous hypothesis that HDL inhibits the effects of SAA during SAA transport in the bloodstream. Moreover, the HDL-induced reduction in the proinflammatory activity of SAA emphasizes the involvement of SAA in diseases, such as atherosclerosis, that are characterized by low levels of HDL. 相似文献
110.
Friggeri A Banerjee S Biswas S de Freitas A Liu G Bierhaus A Abraham E 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2011,186(11):6191-6198
Clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages and other phagocytic cells, called efferocytosis, is a central process in the resolution of inflammation. Although the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has been shown to participate in a variety of acute and chronic inflammatory processes in the lungs and other organs, a role for RAGE in efferocytosis has not been reported. In the present studies, we examined the potential involvement of RAGE in efferocytosis. Macrophages from transgenic RAGE(-/-) mice showed a decreased ability to engulf apoptotic neutrophils and thymocytes. Pretreatment of RAGE(+/+) macrophages with advanced glycation end products, which competitively bind to RAGE, or Abs against RAGE diminished phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Overexpression of RAGE in human embryonic kidney 293 cells resulted in an increased ability to engulf apoptotic cells. Furthermore, we found that incubation with soluble RAGE enhances phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by both RAGE(+/+) and RAGE(-/-) macrophages. Direct binding of RAGE to phosphatidylserine (PS), an "eat me" signal highly expressed on apoptotic cells, was shown by using solid-phase ELISA. The ability of RAGE to bind to PS on apoptotic cells was confirmed in an adhesion assay. Decreased uptake of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages was found under in vivo conditions in the lungs and peritoneal cavity of RAGE(-/-) mice. These results demonstrate a novel role for RAGE in which it is able to enhance efferocytosis through binding to PS on apoptotic cells. 相似文献