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991.
Xionghui Zhong Xue Yuan Ze Wu Muhammad Ali Khan Jin Chen Xiaoxin Li Benhe Gong Yang Zhao Jian Wu Chenyu Wu Mingfang Yi 《Plant cell reports》2014,33(2):301-312
Key message
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system could be performed successfully in Gladiolus hybridus with vacuum infiltration of cormels and young plants.Abstract
Functional analysis of genes in gladiolus has previously been impractical due to the lack of an efficient stable genetic transformation method. However, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is effective in some plants which are difficult to transform through other methods. Although the Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based VIGS system has been developed and used for verifying gene functions in diverse plants, an appropriate TRV-VIGS approach for gladiolus has not been established yet. In this report we describe the first use of the TRV-VIGS system for gene silencing in gladiolus. Vacuum infiltration of cormels and young plants with the GhPDS-VIGS vector effectively down-regulated the PHYTOENE DESATURASE ortholog GhPDS gene and also resulted in various degrees of photobleaching in Gladiolus hybridus. The reduction in GhPDS expression was tested after TRV-based vector infection using real-time RT-PCR. In addition, the progress of TRV infection was detected by fluorescence visualization using a pTRV2: CP-GFP vector. In conclusion, the TRV-mediated VIGS described here will be an effective gene function analysis mechanism in gladiolus. 相似文献992.
Insulin‐Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4 Enhances Cardiomyocytes Induction in Murine‐Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells 下载免费PDF全文
993.
探讨从孕中期羊水中分离出人羊水祖细胞的有效方法和FIX基因修饰后的效果,为血友病B的产前治疗提供可行的基础。从镜下分离出呈致密克隆生长的梭形细胞集落,经培养传代后,通过第3代慢病毒载体将hFIX导入该细胞,经酶联免疫反应(ELISA)等方法检测hFIX的表达并检测凝血活性。用这种方法得到的羊水祖细胞呈成纤维细胞样,倍增时间为39.05 h,该细胞在不仅在蛋白水平表达干细胞表面分子SSEA4,TRA1-60,在基因水平还可检测到NANOG,OCT4,SOX2mRNA的表达。羊水祖细胞导入hFIX cDNA后,能合成并分泌hFIX蛋白,传代后48 h在上清液中的浓度为20.37%±2.77%,凝血活性16.42%±1.78%。上清液中的浓度在第4天达到平台期,为50.35%±5.42%,凝血活性可达45.34%±4.67%。ELISA检测显示转染后的羊水细胞表达的hFIX蛋白的水平呈现基本稳定趋势,波动幅度较小;同时检测FIX凝血活性也与蛋白浓度呈正相关。从羊水中可以分离得到具有多能性祖细胞,转染了hFIX的羊水祖细胞在体外能持续合成有凝血功能的hFIX蛋白,为血友病B产前治疗的新方法提供了实验依据。 相似文献
994.
Plant tissues contain large amounts of secondary compounds that significantly interfere with protein extraction and 2DE analysis. Thus, sample preparation is a crucial step prior to 2DE in plant proteomics. This tutorial highlights the guidelines that need to be followed to perform an adequate total protein extraction before 2DE in plant proteomics. We briefly describe the history, development, and feature of major sample preparation methods for the 2DE analysis of plant tissues, that is, trichloroacetic acid/acetone precipitation and phenol extraction. We introduce the interfering compounds in plant tissues and the general guidelines for tissue disruption, protein precipitation and resolubilization. We describe in details the advantages, limitations, and application of the trichloroacetic acid/acetone precipitation and phenol extraction methods to enable the readers to select the appropriate method for a specific species, tissue, or cell type. The current applications of the sample preparation methods in plant proteomics in the literature are analyzed. A comparative proteomic analysis between male and female plants of Pistacia chinensis is used as an example to represent the sample preparation methodology in 2DE‐based proteomics. Finally, the current limitations and future development of these sample preparation methods are discussed. This Tutorial is part of the International Proteomics Tutorial Programme (IPTP17). 相似文献
995.
996.
Scott?A?Yuzwa Xiaoyang?Shan Bryan?A?Jones Gang?Zhao Melissa?L?Woodward Xiaojing?Li Yanping?Zhu Ernest?J?McEachern Michael?A?Silverman Neil?V?Watson Cheng-Xin?Gong David?J?VocadloEmail author 《Molecular neurodegeneration》2014,9(1):42
Background
Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the defining pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Increasing the quantity of the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) post-translational modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins slows neurodegeneration and blocks the formation of NFTs in a tauopathy mouse model. It remains unknown, however, if O-GlcNAc can influence the formation of amyloid plaques in the presence of tau pathology.Results
We treated double transgenic TAPP mice, which express both mutant human tau and amyloid precursor protein (APP), with a highly selective orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme responsible for removing O-GlcNAc (OGA) to increase O-GlcNAc in the brain. We find that increased O-GlcNAc levels block cognitive decline in the TAPP mice and this effect parallels decreased β-amyloid peptide levels and decreased levels of amyloid plaques.Conclusions
This study indicates that increased O-GlcNAc can influence β-amyloid pathology in the presence of tau pathology. The findings provide good support for OGA as a promising therapeutic target to alter disease progression in Alzheimer disease.997.
Jiao-Jiao Ji Wei Huang Yan-Xu Yin Zheng Li Zhen-Hui Gong 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2014,33(3):679-690
Molecular markers, coxII SCAR, atp6-2 SCAR and accD-U, have been used for marker-assisted selection of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in pepper. However, the presence of these markers at the sub-stoichiometric level in maintainer lines affects the reliable selection of male sterile (S-) cytoplasm. This study aimed to develop a new CMS-specific molecular marker, SCAR130, for reliable identification of S-cytoplasm in pepper, while the new and three previous molecular markers were used to determine the cytoplasm types of pepper lines. Based on mitochondrial genome sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis of the CMS lines and the maintainer lines, SCAR130 was developed from a 10-bp deletion at the SRAP primer binding site in the CMS line (130 bp) compared with that in the maintainer line (140 bp). S-cytoplasm could be unambiguously selected from the pepper lines by the different length of the marker bands. Application of the four molecular markers to various pepper lines revealed that SCAR130 is more reliable than the other three previous markers, orf507, ψatp6-2 and accD-U. Homology alignment with BLAST showed that the marker was located between trnE and trnS in the Nicotiana tabacum mitochondrial genome. Furthermore, expression of the marker-linked gene was significantly higher at the pollen abortive stage in the CMS line (HW203A) than in the maintainer line, which indicated that the marker was closely related to male sterility. Hence, factors other than orf507 and ψatp6-2 may exist for the regulation of male sterility in pepper. 相似文献
998.
Zhenqiang Su Hong Fang Huixiao Hong Leming Shi Wenqian Zhang Wenwei Zhang Yanyan Zhang Zirui Dong Lee J Lancashire Marina Bessarabova Xi Yang Baitang Ning Binsheng Gong Joe Meehan Joshua Xu Weigong Ge Roger Perkins Matthias Fischer Weida Tong 《Genome biology》2014,15(12)
Background
Gene expression microarray has been the primary biomarker platform ubiquitously applied in biomedical research, resulting in enormous data, predictive models, and biomarkers accrued. Recently, RNA-seq has looked likely to replace microarrays, but there will be a period where both technologies co-exist. This raises two important questions: Can microarray-based models and biomarkers be directly applied to RNA-seq data? Can future RNA-seq-based predictive models and biomarkers be applied to microarray data to leverage past investment?Results
We systematically evaluated the transferability of predictive models and signature genes between microarray and RNA-seq using two large clinical data sets. The complexity of cross-platform sequence correspondence was considered in the analysis and examined using three human and two rat data sets, and three levels of mapping complexity were revealed. Three algorithms representing different modeling complexity were applied to the three levels of mappings for each of the eight binary endpoints and Cox regression was used to model survival times with expression data. In total, 240,096 predictive models were examined.Conclusions
Signature genes of predictive models are reciprocally transferable between microarray and RNA-seq data for model development, and microarray-based models can accurately predict RNA-seq-profiled samples; while RNA-seq-based models are less accurate in predicting microarray-profiled samples and are affected both by the choice of modeling algorithm and the gene mapping complexity. The results suggest continued usefulness of legacy microarray data and established microarray biomarkers and predictive models in the forthcoming RNA-seq era.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0523-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献999.
1000.
Shan Shan Jie Dang Jiangxia Li Ze Yang Hailing Zhao Qian Xin Xiaochun Ma Yongchao Liu Xianli Bian Yaoqin Gong Qiji Liu 《Arthritis research & therapy》2014,16(2):R87