全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5761篇 |
免费 | 373篇 |
国内免费 | 365篇 |
专业分类
6499篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 81篇 |
2022年 | 167篇 |
2021年 | 303篇 |
2020年 | 170篇 |
2019年 | 211篇 |
2018年 | 235篇 |
2017年 | 175篇 |
2016年 | 229篇 |
2015年 | 359篇 |
2014年 | 389篇 |
2013年 | 494篇 |
2012年 | 551篇 |
2011年 | 432篇 |
2010年 | 278篇 |
2009年 | 244篇 |
2008年 | 256篇 |
2007年 | 249篇 |
2006年 | 235篇 |
2005年 | 217篇 |
2004年 | 141篇 |
2003年 | 118篇 |
2002年 | 117篇 |
2001年 | 118篇 |
2000年 | 90篇 |
1999年 | 119篇 |
1998年 | 50篇 |
1997年 | 64篇 |
1996年 | 54篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 36篇 |
1993年 | 33篇 |
1992年 | 41篇 |
1991年 | 36篇 |
1990年 | 29篇 |
1989年 | 23篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 18篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有6499条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
122.
123.
随着细胞与组织工程的迅猛发展,能够促进细胞黏附、生长和分化的生物材料基质支架的研究日益重要。具有生物相容性且含水量超过99%的自组装肽水凝胶因其很好地符合理想的生物材料基质支架标准而备受重视。这类自我互补的两亲寡肽含50%的带电残基,并且以交替的离子亲水性和不带电的氨基酸残基周期性重复为特征;在其寡肽的氨基末端可用直接固相合成法修饰几个短序列生物活性模体进行功能化,用以促进不同细胞的黏附生长和靶向定位。现对自组装肽水凝胶的结构特征、自组装机制、对细胞黏附生长的影响以及未来自组装肽生物材料设计的目标进行综述. 相似文献
124.
用不同剂量的60Co-γ射线诱变钝顶螺旋藻Spirulinaplatensis出发株(Sp)IS-90010,筛选获得两株抗高光抑制突变株(Sp)AIp-90010和(Sp)AIp-90011,然后比较出发株和突变株的一般形态和生理生化特性。出发株和突变株的一般形态有较大的差异,与出发株相比,两个突变株藻丝体显著变短,螺旋数目大大减小。出发株是对高光敏感的品系,而突变株表现明显的抗高光抑制,13000lx光强下出发株和两个突变株的代时分别为29.4、20.8和22.2h。(Sp)AIp-90011的光合作用和呼吸作用与出发株相似,而(Sp)AIp-90010明显地表现出高光合、低呼吸作用。突变株和出发株都属于中温品系,最适温度为28℃,具有较广的温度适应范围(23~35℃)以及相同的耐盐性,但突变株的生长速率比出发株快、代时短。此外三者的蛋白质含量、氨基酸组成差别不大:(Sp)AIp-90011的可溶性多糖比出发株减少40%。而在(Sp)AIp-90010中其含量提高60%。 相似文献
125.
Role of protein phosphatase-2A and -1 in the regulation of GSK-3, cdk5 and cdc2 and the phosphorylation of tau in rat forebrain 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
In Alzheimer disease brain the activities of protein phosphatase (PP)-2A and PP-1 are decreased and the microtubule-associated protein tau is abnormally hyperphosphorylated at several sites at serine/threonine. Employing rat forebrain slices kept metabolically active in oxygenated artificial CSF as a model system, we investigated the role of PP-2A/PP-1 in the regulation of some of the major abnormally hyperphosphorylated sites of tau and the protein kinases involved. Treatment of the brain slices with 1.0 microM okadaic acid inhibited approximately 65% of PP-2A and produced hyperphosphorylation of tau at Ser 198/199/202, Ser 396/404 and Ser 422. No significant changes in the activities of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and cyclin dependent protein kinases cdk5 and cdc2 were observed. Calyculin A (0.1 microM) inhibited approximately 50% PP-1, approximately 20% PP-2A, 50% GSK-3 and approximately 30% cdk5 but neither inhibited the activity of cyclin AMP dependent protein kinase A (PKA) nor resulted in the hyperphosphorylation of tau at any of the above sites. Treatment of brain slices with 1 microM okadaic acid plus 0.1 microM calyculin A inhibited approximately 100% of both PP-2A and PP-1, approximately 80% of GSK-3, approximately 50% of cdk5 and approximately 30% of cdc2 but neither inhibited PKA nor resulted in the hyperphosphorylation of tau at any of the above sites. These studies suggest (i) that PP-1 upregulates the phosphorylation of tau at Ser 198/199/202 and Ser 396/404 indirectly by regulating the activities of GSK-3, cdk5 and cdc2 whereas PP-2A regulates the phosphorylation of tau directly by dephosphorylation at the above sites, and (ii) that a decrease in the PP-2A activity leads to abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau at Ser 198/199/202, Ser 396/404 and Ser 422. 相似文献
126.
Gene therapy has emerged as one of the most promising therapeutic methods to treat various diseases. However, inadequate gene transfection efficacy during gene therapy demands further development of more efficient gene delivery strategies. Targeting genetic material to specific sites of action endows numerous advantages over non-targeted delivery. An ample variety of non-viral gene delivery vectors have been developed in recent years owing to the safety issues raised by viral vectors. Non-viral gene delivery vectors containing specific targeting ligands on their surfaces have been reported to enhance the gene transfection efficiency via receptor-mediated endocytosis for gene delivery. Among various targeting moieties investigated, carbohydrates and lectins (carbohydrate-binding proteins) played an essential role in gene delivery via either direct or reverse lectin targeting strategies. Lectins have a specific carbohydrate binding domain that can bind specifically to the carbohydrates. This review sheds light on various gene delivery nanovectors conjugated with either lectins or carbohydrates for enhanced gene transfection. 相似文献
127.
Characterization of functional microbial community in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor operated for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
The 16S rDNA-based molecular technique was applied to investigate the functional microbial community of a membrane-aerated biofilm (MAB) that was used for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON). The relationships among two kinds of key bacteria responsible for CANON: aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and Anammox bacteria, and their possible distributions in the MAB were discussed based on the microbial community analysis. FISH analysis showed the existence of two visible active layers in experimental MAB. One is the partial nitrifying layer located in the region of oxygen-rich membrane-biofilm interface, dominated by NSO190-positive AOB. The other is the Anammox active layer located in the region of anoxic liquid-biofilm interface, dominated by PLA46 and AMX820-positive Anammox microorganisms. As a result of this study, the AOB as well as Anammox bacteria were present and active in experimental MABR, and the cooperation between AOB and Anammox bacteria was considered to be responsible for CANON. 相似文献
128.
Preparation of cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan for repairing sciatic nerve injury in rats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A successful nerve regeneration process was achieved with nerve repair tubes made up of 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide
hydrochloride (EDC) cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan (CM-chitosan) with improved biodegradability. Chitosan has a very
slow degradation rate, while the EDC cross-linked CM-chitosan tubes degraded to 30% of original weight during 8 weeks of incubation
in lysozyme solution. In vitro cell culture indicated that the CM-chitosan films presented no cytotoxicity to Schwann cells.
From in vivo studies using a 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defect model investigated by histomorphometry analysis, the average diameter
of the fibers and the average thickness of myelin sheath in the CM-chitosan tubes were 3.7 ± 0.33 and 0.33 ± 0.04 μm, respectively,
which demonstrated equivalence to nerve autografts (the current “gold” standard); furthermore, the average fiber density in
the CM-chitosan tubes was 20.5 × 103/mm2, which was similar to that of autografts (21 × 103/mm2) and significantly higher than that of common chitosan tubes (15.3 × 103/mm2). 相似文献
129.
130.
Li-Long Pan Xin-Hua Liu Yao-Ling Jia Dan Wu Qing-Hui Xiong Qi-Hai Gong Yang Wang Yi-Zhun Zhu 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2013