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11.
12.
Carmen Ferrajolo Vincenzo Arcoraci Maria Giuseppa Sullo Concetta Rafaniello Liberata Sportiello Rosarita Ferrara Angelo Cannata Claudia Pagliaro Michele Giuseppe Tari Achille Patrizio Caputi Francesco Rossi Gianluca Trifirò Annalisa Capuano 《PloS one》2014,9(7)
Objectives
We sought to evaluate the prescribing pattern of statins according to national and regional health policy interventions and to assess specifically the adherence to the therapy in outpatient setting in Southern Italy.Methods
A population-based study was performed on persons ≥15 years old, living in the catchment area of Caserta (Southern Italy), and registered in Arianna database between 2004 and 2010. Prevalence and incidence of new treatments with statins were calculated for each year and stratified by drug. Adherence to therapy was measured by Medication Possession Ratio. Sub-analyses by individual compound and type of cardiovascular prevention were performed.Results
From 2004 to 2010, the one-year prevalence of statin use increased from 44.9/1,000 inhabitants to 79.8/1,000, respectively, consistently with the incidence of new use from 16.2/1,000 to 19.5/1,000, except a slight decrease after criteria reimbursement revision on 2005 (13.3/1,000). The incidence of new treatments decreased for atorvastatin, and increased for simvastatin over the study years. Overall, 43% of new users were still highly adherent to the treatment (MPR≥80%) after six months, while 26% after 4-years of follow-up. As compared with highly adherent patients, the probability to be non-adherent (MPR≤25%) at 4-years of follow-up was 26% higher for women than for men (full adj. odds ratio: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10–1.45), and 64% higher in patients who started on primary rather than on secondary prevention (1.64; 1.29–2.07).Conclusions
Prevalence and incidence of statin use increased consistently with health policy interventions. Only one-fourth of patients who newly initiated a statin were adherent to the treatment after 4-year of follow-up. Since the benefits of statins in terms of cardiovascular outcome and costs are associated with their chronic use, the identification of patient-related predictors of non-adherence such as gender, primary prevention could be suitable for physicians to improve the patients'' compliance. 相似文献13.
Maria Mastrodonato Donatella Mentino Piero Portincasa Giuseppe Calamita Giuseppa Esterina Liquori Domenico Ferri 《Histochemistry and cell biology》2014,142(4):449-459
Mucins are high molecular weight epithelial proteins, strongly glycosylated, and are the main component of the mucus. Since mucus secretion can be altered in diseases, colon mucins can be regarded as a biomarker of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases or preneoplastic changes. Conventional histochemistry and lectin histochemistry combined with chemical treatment and enzymatic digestion were carried out to analyze the colon mucins in mice fed a high-fat diet for 25 weeks, a period sufficient to induce simple liver steatosis, to check whether the carbohydrate features of mucus can be altered by an inadequate diet. An increase in the sialo/sulfomucins ratio with respect to control mice, assessed by computerized image analysis, was observed in the colon, although differences in sialic acid acetylation between control and mice fed a high-fat diet were not found. High-fat diet was also associated with altered lectin-binding pattern of the mucus, with a probable shortening of oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins. This pattern was leading to over-expression of Galβ1,3GalNAc terminal dimers (TF antigen) and GalNAc terminal residues (Tn antigen). This altered composition of mucins can be related to a defect in the process of glycosylation, or to incomplete maturation of goblet cells, and may be an early indication of preneoplastic and neoplastic changes. In conclusion, our findings confirm that a fatty-rich diet (Western-style diet) induces alteration of mucins and may be associated with colon diseases. Our investigation corroborates the usefulness of lectins histochemistry in the early diagnosis of prepathological states of the colon. 相似文献
14.
Esterina Pascale Christine Liu Eulalia Valle Karen Usdin Anthony V. Furano 《Journal of molecular evolution》1993,36(1):9-20
Summary All modern mammals contain a distinctive, highly repeated (⩾50,000 members) family of long interspersed repeated DNA called
the L1 (LINE 1) family. While the modern L1 families were derived from a common ancestor that predated the mammalian radiation
∼80 million years ago, most of the members of these families were generated within the last 5 million years. However, recently
we demonstrated that modern murine (Old World rats and mice) genomes share an older long interspersed repeated DNA family
that we called Lx. Here we report our analysis of the DNA sequence of Lx family members and the relationship of this family
to the modern L1 families in mouse and rat. The extent of DNA sequence divergence between Lx members indicates that the Lx
amplification occurred about 12 million years ago, around the time of the murine radiation. Parsimony analysis revealed that
Lx elements were ancestral to both the modern rat and mouse L1 families. However, we found that few if any of the evolutionary
intermediates between the Lx and the modern L1 families were extensively amplified. Because the modern L1 families have evolved
under selective pressure, the evolutionary intermediates must have been capable of replication. Therefore, replicationcompetent
L1 elements can reside in genomes without undergoing extensive amplification. We discuss the bearing of our findings on the
evolution of L1 DNA elements and the mammalian genome. 相似文献
15.
Caccamo D Di Mauro D Condello S Currò M Cutroneo G Anastasi GP Ientile R Trimarchi F 《Amino acids》2009,36(1):49-56
Several studies demonstrated that transglutaminases play a key role in extracellular matrix stabilization needed for cell
differentiation. We evaluated transglutaminase expression and activity in the pre-secretory stage of differentiation of the
continuously erupting rat incisor. We observed that transglutaminase-mediated incorporation of monodansylcadaverine into protein
substrates was specifically located in the apical loop, and along the basement membrane joining mesenchyme and inner dental
epithelium in the odontogenic organ. Enzyme activity was associated with mRNAs for transglutaminase 1 and 2. Notably, labelling
cells for these isoenzymes were observed in both mesenchymal and epithelial compartments, but not in the basement membrane,
in the ameloblast facing pulp anterior region, where ameloblast and odontoblast differentiation begins. These findings demonstrate
that transglutaminase 1 and transglutaminase 2 are expressed at a major extent in the pre-secretory stage of regenerating
rat incisor, where they probably play complementary roles in cell signalling between mesenchyme and epithelium and extracellular
matrix. 相似文献
16.
Human global ischaemia was simulated in adult rats by inducing 20 min brain ischaemia and 60 min post-ischaemic recirculation.
Immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9, TIMP-3, Bax and Bcl-2, and DNA fragmentation (with the TUNEL reaction) were investigated.
The morphological data showed different neuronal responses in the hippocampus compared with the cerebral and cerebellar cortices.
MMP-9 immunoreactivity was different in the hippocampus, particularly in dentate gyrus and the CA1 region, compared with these
cortices. Negative TIMP-3 staining in ischaemic hippocampal neurons may indicate a loss of its inhibitory activity on MMP-9
that could enhance cell death. Bcl-2 down regulation, Bax positivity and TUNEL+ type II cells in the dentate gyrus granular
layer could be responsible for induction of apoptotic death in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells via loss of fibre input. Results
suggest differential behaviours of neural cells after 60 min reperfusion. 相似文献
17.
18.
Esterina Fazio Pietro Medica Vincenzo Aronica Loredana Grasso Adriana Ferlazzo 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2008,50(1):6
Background
Since transport evokes physiological adjustments that include endocrine responses, the objective of this study was to examine the responses of circulating β-endorphin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels to transport stress in stallions. 相似文献19.
T P Stein M J Leskiw E M Liquori H B Brooks H W Wallace W S Blakemore 《Analytical biochemistry》1975,66(2):481-488
Optical emission spectroscopy is a convenient method for determing 15N specific activity in a variety of metabolites following the administration of an 15N-labeled amino acid to humans. The only disadvantage, compared to the more conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometer analytical system is that more tracer is needed to give accurate results. When an 15N-labeled amino acid is used as the 15N carrier, the amount of 15N is not above a tracer dose. A suitable procedure is described for performing such studies using [15N]glycine as a tracer. As an experimental example, [15N]glycine was infused into a subject at a rate of 35 mg of N/hr for 8 hr. After 3 hr a meal was consumed by the subject. The urinary urea-15N, ammonia-15N and amino acid-15N profiles were determined. 相似文献