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91.
Pasquale Petrilli Pietro Pucci Anna Maria Garzillo Giovanni Sannia Dr. Gennaro Marino 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1981,35(2):121-128
Summary Reactivity of sulphydryl groups of cytosolic and mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferases from ox heart has been studied.
A total of 5 and 7 cysteine residues per monomer are present in cAATo and mAATo, respectively. In native conditions only a
single sulphydryl group can be titrated by Nbs2 while the catalytic activity remains unchanged, however in the mitochondrial isozyme the reactivity depends on the functional
state of the enzyme. Reactivity toward NEM reveals the existence of a syncatalytic sulphydryl group in the cytosolic isozyme.
Titration of cAATo with pMB at pH 8 and pH 5 confirms the existence of two exposed sulphydryl groups with a different reactivity.
The results compared with those reported on the corresponding isozymes from pig and chicken heart show that syncatalytic sulphydryl
groups are of general occurrence in these enzymes. 相似文献
92.
Giovanni Felice Azzone Stefano Massari Tullio Pozzan 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1977,17(2):101-112
Summary The evidence that all energy transducing membranes can generate a proton electrochemical potential difference,
H, across the membrane and that this potential can be used to transfer energy among energy transducing units and to generate ATP, has increased the interest for the view that
H plays an obligatory role in energy transduction and ATP synthesis. In the present article we shall concentrate on two experimental questions related with the generation and role of
H: (a) the charge/site ratio; (b) the relation between the proton electrochemical potential on one side and the cation electrochemical potential, the phosphate potential and the redox potential on the other. We shall then discuss the view that energy transduction corresponds to a molecular energy machine rather than to a fuel cell. 相似文献
93.
Giovanni Romeo 《Human genetics》1977,39(3):261-276
Summary In four of the five autosomal dominant porphyrias four different partial enzymatic defects of the porphyrin biosynthetic pathway have been discovered in the last few years. With the exception of protoporphyria, the residual enzymatic activity in carriers of these defects is approximately equal to 50% of that found in controls. In each case the pattern of excretion of porphyrin and/or porphyrin precursors reflects the site of the partial metabolic block. There are indications, at least in intermittent acute porphyria, that the degree of penetrance of the disorder varies according to the level of phenotypic expression, being highest for the enzyme deficiency, lower for the excretion of precursors and lowest for the clinical symptoms. It is proposed that environmental factors, and probably also gene interaction, are the cause of the different degrees of penetrance.On leave from the University of Naples, Italy 相似文献
94.
Stimulus-induced maturation of probactenecins, precursors of neutrophil antimicrobial polypeptides 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
M Zanetti L Litteri G Griffiths R Gennaro D Romeo 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1991,146(12):4295-4300
The antimicrobial polypeptides Bac7 and Bac5 (bactenecins) are stored in the large granules of bovine neutrophils as precursor forms, or probactenecins. Maturation of probactenecins has been investigated by studying the effects of stimulus-induced degranulation on this process. Stimulation of neutrophils with PMA, which is a secretagogue for specific and large granules but not for azurophils, induces a substantial discharge of uncleaved probactenecins in the extracellular medium, as revealed by Western blot analysis. When neutrophils are exposed to opsonized bacteria in the presence of cytochalasin B, resulting in exocytosis of the content of azurophils in addition to that of specific and large granules, probactenecins are secreted and rapidly converted into the corresponding mature antimicrobial peptides. Such a conversion is prevented if serine proteases, stored in the azurophils, are inhibited by pretreatment of neutrophils with PMSF. Phagocytosis, while causing a rapid discharge of the contents of azurophil and of the large granules into phagocytic vacuoles, as indicated by immunogold electron microscopy, also induces cleavage of probactenecins into mature peptides, as revealed by Western blot analysis. We conclude that the final processing of the storage forms of bactenecins arises from their interaction with the serine protease(s) of azurophils during bacteria-induced degranulation of neutrophils. 相似文献
95.
Alessandro Zuddas Germano Oberto Francesca Vaglini Flavia Fascetti Francesco Fornai Giovanni U. Corsini 《Journal of neurochemistry》1992,59(2):733-739
In cynomologus monkeys, systemic administration of MK-801, a noncompetitive antagonist for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, prevented the development of the parkinsonian syndrome induced by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). MK-801 also attenuated dopamine depletion in the caudate and putamen and protected dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra from the degeneration induced by the neurotoxin. Nevertheless, 7 days after MPTP administration in the caudate and putamen of monkeys also receiving MK-801, the levels of toxic 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium were even higher than those measured in monkeys receiving MPTP alone. This indicates that the protective action of MK-801 is not related to MPTP metabolism and strongly suggests that, in primates, the excitatory amino acids could play a crucial role in the mechanism of the selective neuronal death induced by MPTP. 相似文献
96.
97.
98.
Giovanni Spinelli Marialuisa Melli Eva Arnold Caterina Casano Fabrizio Gianguzza Mirella Ciaccio 《Journal of molecular biology》1980,139(2):111-122
Sea urchin RNA extracted from early and mesenchyme blastula embryos and oocytes and fractionated on denaturing sucrose density gradients, was hybridized with histone DNA recombinants of Psammechinus miliaris (clone λh22) and of Paracentrotus lividus (clone pPH70). Histone sequences are found in the 9 S and larger than 9 S regions of the formamide/sucrose density gradients. The melting of the RNA-DNA duplexes obtained by hybridization of polysomal and high molecular weight RNA of embryos of P. lividus at the stage of early blastula, suggests a degree of heterogeneity in the high Mr RNA. The high Mr RNA contains at least four of the five histone gene sequences covalently linked. 相似文献
99.
Gianfranco Badaracco Paolo Plevani Giovanni Cassani 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1981,99(1):23-29
The rate of synthesis of poly(A) on a ply(dT) template by RNA polymerase is a function of ATP concentration and is expressed as a sigmoidal curve. The addition of millimolar concentration of AMP to low concentrations of ATP stimulates synthesis of poly(A) twenty fold and raises the rate of synthesis to the levels obtained at high ATP concentrations. The reaction is completely dependent upon the presence of poly(dT) and requires the complementary mononucleotide. Stimulation of poly(A) synthesis by AMP is more evident with the holoenzyme. Analysis of poly(A) products by acrylamide gels showed that the poly(A) synthesized in the presence of AMP has an higher molecular weight than poly(A) synthesized in the absence of AMP. 相似文献
100.
ATPase activity and phosphorylation by [γ-32P] ATP of isolated plasma membrane of alveolar macorphages are stimulated in a parallel fashion by physiologic concentrations of Ca2+, with half-maximal activating effect of this ion at (3–7) × 10?7 M. For various membrane preparations, a direct proportionality exists between Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity and amount of 32P incorporated. Labeling of membrane attains the steady-state level by 10 sec at 0°C, and is rapidly reversed by adenosine diphosphate (ADP). K+ decreases the amount of membrane-bound 32P, mainly by enhancing the rate of dephosphorylation of the 32P-intermediate. Hydroxylamine causes a release of about 90% of 32P bound to the membrane, thus indicating that the 32P-intermediate contains an acyl-phosphate bond. When the labeled plasma membrane is solubilized and electrophoresed on acrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate, the radioactivity appears to be largely associated with a single protein fraction of 132,500 ± 2,000 apparent molecular weight. These features of the macrophage Ca2+-ATPase suggest that the enzyme activity might be part of a surface-localized Ca2+-extrusion system, participating in the regulation of Ca2+-dependent activities of the macrophage. 相似文献