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11.
Zenvirth D Richler C Bardhan A Baudat F Barzilai A Wahrman J Simchen G 《Chromosoma》2003,111(6):369-376
Meiotic recombination in yeast is initiated at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), processed into 3′ single-strand overhangs that are active in homology search, repair and formation of recombinant molecules. Are 3′ overhangs recombination intermediaries in mouse germ cells too? To answer this question we developed a novel approach based on the properties of the Klenow enzyme. We carried out two different, successive in situ Klenow enzyme-based reactions on sectioned preparations of testicular tubules. Signals showing 3′ overhangs were observed during wild-type mouse spermatogenesis, but not in Spo11 ?/? males, which lack meiotic DSBs. In Atm ?/? mice, abundant positively stained spermatocytes were present, indicating an accumulation of non-repaired DSBs, suggesting the involvement of ATM in repair of meiotic DSBs. Thus the processing of DSBs into 3′ overhangs is common to meiotic cells in mammals and yeast, and probably in all eukaryotes. 相似文献
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经硫酸铵盐析和SephadesG-100,Q-Sepharose和PhenylSepharose柱层析分别纯化后,得到了电泳均一的荔枝多酚氧化酶,荔枝多酚氧化酶在SDS和CATB存在下测得的酶活性略有降低,但在TritonX-100下活性有所增加,丁酸等短链的脂肪酸对酶活性起抑制作用,而亚油酸等长链的不饱和脂肪酸则起促进作用,另外,荔枝多酚氧化酶活性还明显受FeSO4和SnCl2所抑制,但能补Ca 相似文献
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Yeast cells arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle upon exposure to mating pheromones. As cells commit to a new cycle, G1 CDK activity (Cln/CDK) inhibits signaling through the mating MAPK cascade. Here we show that the target of this inhibition is Ste5, the MAPK cascade scaffold protein. Cln/CDK disrupts Ste5 membrane localization by phosphorylating a cluster of sites that flank a small, basic, membrane-binding motif in Ste5. Effective inhibition of Ste5 signaling requires multiple phosphorylation sites and a substantial accumulation of negative charge, which suggests that Ste5 acts as a sensor for high G1 CDK activity. Thus, Ste5 is an integration point for both external and internal signals. When Ste5 cannot be phosphorylated, pheromone triggers an aberrant arrest of cells outside G1 either in the presence or absence of the CDK-inhibitor protein Far1. These findings define a mechanism and physiological benefit of restricting antiproliferative signaling to G1. 相似文献
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Giora Julia Carolina Tolentino da Silva Amanda Wociechoski Cavalheiro Laísa Mariani Wingert Juliana Bernhardt Fialho Clarice 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2022,105(5):605-622
Environmental Biology of Fishes - The ichthyofauna of a large lake located in one of the biggest urban centers in Southern South America was studied for 15 years. Variations in... 相似文献
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Todrank J Heth G Restrepo D 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2011,278(1714):1949-1955
Human babies and other young mammals prefer food odours and flavours of their mother's diet during pregnancy as well as their mother's individually distinctive odour. Newborn mice also prefer the individual odours of more closely related--even unfamiliar--lactating females. If exposure to in utero odorants-which include metabolites from the mother's diet and the foetus's genetically determined individual odour-helps shape the neuroanatomical development of the olfactory bulb, this could influence the perception of such biologically important odours that are preferred after birth. We exposed gene-targeted mice during gestation and nursing to odorants that activate GFP-tagged olfactory receptors (ORs) and then measured the effects on the size of tagged glomeruli in the olfactory bulb where axons from olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) coalesce by OR type. We found significantly larger tagged glomeruli in mice exposed to these activating odorants in amniotic fluid, and later in mother's milk, as well as significant preferences for the activating odour. Larger glomeruli comprising OSNs that respond to consistently encountered odorants should enhance detection and discrimination of these subsequently preferred odours, which in nature would facilitate selection of palatable foods and kin recognition, through similarities in individual odours of relatives. 相似文献
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Nud1p, the yeast homolog of Centriolin, regulates spindle pole body inheritance in meiosis 下载免费PDF全文
Gordon O Taxis C Keller PJ Benjak A Stelzer EH Simchen G Knop M 《The EMBO journal》2006,25(16):3856-3868
Nud1p, a protein homologous to the mammalian centrosome and midbody component Centriolin, is a component of the budding yeast spindle pole body (SPB), with roles in anchorage of microtubules and regulation of the mitotic exit network during vegetative growth. Here we analyze the function of Nud1p during yeast meiosis. We find that a nud1-2 temperature-sensitive mutant has two meiosis-related defects that reflect genetically distinct functions of Nud1p. First, the mutation affects spore formation due to its late function during spore maturation. Second, and most important, the mutant loses its ability to distinguish between the ages of the four spindle pole bodies, which normally determine which SPB would be preferentially included in the mature spores. This affects the regulation of genome inheritance in starved meiotic cells and leads to the formation of random dyads instead of non-sister dyads under these conditions. Both functions of Nud1p are connected to the ability of Spc72p to bind to the outer plaque and half-bridge (via Kar1p) of the SPB. 相似文献
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Michael Klutstein Martin Xaver Ronen Shemesh Drora Zenvirth Franz Klein Giora Simchen 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2009,282(5):453-462
Synapsis of homologs during meiotic prophase I is associated with a protein complex built along the bivalents—the synaptonemal
complex (SC). Mutations in the SC-component gene ZIP1 diminish SC formation, leading to reduced recombination levels and low spore viability. Here we show that in SK1 strains
heterozygous for a deletion of ZIP1 in certain regions meiotic interference are impaired with no decrease in recombination levels. The extent of synapsis is
over all reduced and NDJ levels of a large endogenous chromosome and of artificial chromosomes (YACs) rise to twice the level
of wild type strains. A substantial proportion of mis-segregating YACs had undergone crossing over. This demonstrates that
different functions of Zip1 display differential sensitivities to changes in expression levels. 相似文献