中国东北地区常见有瓣蝇类调查初步报告

与人类杂处的蝇类,在我国东北地区的分布情况尚少系统调查。作者于1956年5月、8月曾赴内蒙东北部(伊图里河、图里河),6月、7月赴营口、盘山(田庄台),借这些机会,顺便采集了蝇类标本;同年9月组内同志去绥中也采回部分标本;1957年5月至10月作者又赴吉林、辽宁两省各地进行了蝇类调查。其中有瓣蝇类已经定名的共计5科26属68种,有6种为国内新记录。兹将结果报告如下:     

我国赫坎按蚊群内中华按蚊不同类型的研究——Ⅳ.幼虫形态的比较

对于赫坎按蚊群内(Anopheles(A.)hyrcanus group.)用四龄幼虫的形态来区别不同种型,在国外曾有若干报导,如马来亚(Reid,1953;1963)、日本(Otsuru and Ohmori,1960)、菲律宾(Baisas et al.,1936等)及印澳(Bonne-Wepsrer and Swellengrebel,1953)等,但在国内对这方面的研究很少。1938年林樑城和姚永政对于南京地区中华按蚊(统称)幼     

Characterization of an antibody-binding epitope from the 18-kDa protein on Mycobacterium leprae

A murine mAb, designated L5, appears to be specific for an epitope on a protein from Mycobacterium leprae of restricted distribution within the mycobacteria. This protein, of Mr 18,000 (18 kDa) is of interest because monoclonal antibodies raised against it do not appear to cross-react with other mycobacterial pathogens. The L5 antibody-binding epitope has been mapped by two complementary methods; expression of gene fragments and synthesis of short peptides. This L5-binding region of the 18-kDa protein (amino acids 109 to 115) shows some homology to a region of the GroEL heat shock family of proteins. Characterization of this antibody-binding epitope may lead to a reagent of use in early diagnosis of infection.     

Regionally selective alterations in enzymatic activities and metabolic fluxes during thiamin deficiency

To further elucidate the molecular basis of the selective damage to various brain regions by thiamin deficiency, changes in enzymatic activities were compared to carbohydrate flux through various pathways from vulnerable (mammillary bodies and inferior colliculi) and nonvulnerable (cochlear nuclei) regions after 11 or 14 days of pyrithiamin-induced thiamin deficiency. After 11 days,large decreases (–43 to –59%) in transketolase (TK) occurred in all 3 regions; 2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDHC) declined (–45%), but only in mammillary bodies; pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHC) was unaffected. By day 14, TK remained reduced by 58%–66%; KGDHC was now reduced in all regions (–48 to –55%); PDHC was also reduced (–32%), but only in the mammillary bodies. Thus, the enzyme changes did not parallel the pathological vulnerability of these regions to thiamin deficiency.¹⁴CO₂ production from¹⁴C-glucose labeled in various positions was utilized to assess metabolic flux. After 14 days, CO₂ production in the vulnerable regions declined severely (–46 to 70%) and approximately twice as much as those in the cochlear nucleus. Also by day 14, the ratio of enzymatic activity to metabolic flux increased as much as 56% in the vulnerable regions, but decreased 18 to 30% in the cochlear nuclei. These differences reflect a greater decrease in flux than enzyme activities in the two vulnerable regions. Thus, selective cellular responses to thiamin deficiency can be demonstrated ex vivo, and these changes can be directly related to alterations in metabolic flux. Since they cannot be related to enzymatic alterations in the three regions, factors other than decreases in the activity of these TPP-dependent enzymes must underlie selective vulnerability in this model of thiamin deficiency.Abbreviations KGDHC 2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex EC 1.2.4.2., EC 2.3.1.61, EC 1.6.4.3. - PDHC pyruvate dehydrogenase complex EC 1.2.4.2., EC 2.3.1.12, EC 1.6.4.3 - TK transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) - TPP thiamin pyrophosphate     

酪氨酸对人离体滋养层细胞孕酮与hCG分泌的影响

本文观察三种剂量(2×10~(-5)mol/L,2×10~(-4)mol/L和2×10~(-3)mol/L)的酪氮酸对离体培养的滋养层细胞孕酮及hCG分泌的影响,并对其抑制效应的机理作了初步探讨。实验结果表明,三种剂量的酪氨酸均可抑制滋养层细胞孕酮分泌(P<0.01),但是,在孕酮分泌受酪氨酸抑制的同时,未见对hCG分泌发生影响(P>0.05),进一步观察了酪氨酸对滋养层细胞3β-羟甾脱氢酶活性的影响,结果表明,酪氨酸能显著抑制3β-羟甾脱氢酶活性,提示酪氨酸对滋养层细胞孕酮生成的抑制作用与抑制3β-羟甾脱氢酶活性有关。     

胄蝗属一新种及其染色体组型与带型分析(直翅目:蝗总科)

胄蝗属(Stolzia Willemse)的种类,已知分布于菲律宾、印度尼西亚、马来西亚及我国等地区。在我国已知仅一种,即海南胄蝗Stolzia hainanensis(Tinkham).作者等于1985年9月,在海南省尖峰岭地区采集时,采得胄蝗属一新种,我们同时对该种蝗虫的染色体组型和带型进行了观察,现记述如下。 模式标本保存于陕西师范大学生物系蝗虫研究室。 尖峰胄蝗Stolzia jianfengensis新种 雄性:体中小型,密具皱纹和刻点。头顶近平,狭三角形,突出于触角基节之前,眼间距极狭,其最狭处狭于触角基节的宽度;颜面侧观倾斜,在触角基部之间的下方略凹曲,颜