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Practical, cheap, and stereoselective synthetic methods were applied to the preparation of novel 1‐(aminoalkyl)naphthol and γ‐aminoalcohol tridentate ligands. The ligands obtained were conveniently applied with good results as catalytic sources in the borane‐mediated enantioselective reduction of acetophenone with borane dimethylsulfide. Conformational analysis through molecular modeling allows the rationalization of observed stereochemical outcomes. Chirality 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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Dato L Branduardi P Passolunghi S Cattaneo D Riboldi L Frascotti G Valli M Porro D 《FEMS yeast research》2010,10(7):894-908
The nonconventional yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii has been proposed as a new host for biotechnological processes due to convenient properties such as its resistance to high sugar concentrations, relatively high temperatures and especially to acidic environments. We describe a series of new expression vectors specific for Z. bailii and the resulting improvements in production levels. By exploiting the sequences of the endogenous plasmid pSB2, 2microm-like multicopy vectors were obtained, giving a fivefold increase in production. A specific integrative vector was developed which led to 100% stability in the absence of selective pressure; a multiple-integration vector was constructed, based on an rRNA gene unit portion cloned and sequenced for this purpose, driving the insertion of up to 80 copies of the foreign construct. Moreover, we show the construction of the first stable auxotrophic mutant of Z. bailii, obtained by targeted gene deletion applied to ZbLEU2. The development of molecular tools for the Z. bailii manipulation has now reached a level that may be compatible with its industrial exploitation; the production of organic acids is a prominent field of application. 相似文献
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Federica Susta Davide Chiasserini Katia Fettucciari Pier Luigi Orvietani Flavia Quotadamo Rosina Noce Andrea Bartoli Pierfrancesco Marconi Lanfranco Corazzi Luciano Binaglia 《Proteomics》2010,10(11):2099-2112
Protein expression changes induced in thioglycolate‐elicited peritoneal murine macrophages (MΦ) by infection with type III Group B Streptococcus (GBS) are described. Proteins from control MΦ and MΦ incubated 2 h with live or heat‐inactivated GBS were separated by 2‐DE. Proteins whose expression was significantly different in infected MΦ, as compared with control cells, were identified by MS/MS analysis. Changes in the expression level of proteins involved in both positive and negative modulation of phagocytic functions, stress response and cell death were induced in MΦ by GBS infection. In particular, expression of enzymes playing a key role in production of reactive oxygen species was lowered in GBS‐infected MΦ. Significant alterations in the expression of some metabolic enzymes were also observed, most of the glycolytic and of the pentose‐cycle enzymes being down‐regulated in MΦ infected with live GBS. Finally, evidence was obtained that GBS infection affects the expression of enzymes or enzyme subunits involved in ATP synthesis and in adenine nucleotides interconversion processes. 相似文献
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Agostini T Lazzeri D Pascone C Agostini V 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》2010,126(5):1787-8; author reply 1788-9
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Lazzeri D Pascone C Agostini T 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》2010,126(5):1793-4; author reply 1794
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Sergio Scapin Silvia Leoni Silvana Spagnuolo Davide Gnocchi Paolo De Vito Paolo Luly Jens Z. Pedersen Sandra Incerpi 《Steroids》2010,75(8-9):576-584
Extranuclear or nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones are mediated by receptors located at the plasma membrane or inside cells, and are independent of protein synthesis. Recently the αVβ3 integrin was identified as a cell membrane receptor for thyroid hormones, and a wide variety of nongenomic effects have now been shown to be induced through binding of thyroid hormones to this receptor. However, also other thyroid hormone receptors can produce nongenomic effects, including the cytoplasmic TRα and TRβ receptors and probably also a G protein-coupled membrane receptor, and increasing importance is now given to thyroid hormone metabolites like 3,5-diiodothyronine and reverse T3 that can mimick some nongenomic effects of T3 and T4. Signal transduction from the αVβ3 integrin may proceed through at least three independent pathways (protein kinase C, Src or mitogen-activated kinases) but the details are still unknown. Thyroid hormones induce nongenomic effects on at least three important Na+-dependent transport systems, the Na+/K+-ATPase, the Na+/H+ exchanger, and amino acid transport System A, leading to a mitogenic response in embryo cells; but modulation of the same transport systems may have different roles in other cells and at different developmental stages. It seems that thyroid hormones in many cases can modulate nongenomically the same targets affected by the nuclear receptors through long-term mechanisms. Recent results on nongenomic effects confirm the old theory that the primary role of thyroid hormones is to keep the steady-state level of functioning of the cell, but more and more mechanisms are discovered by which this goal can be achieved. 相似文献
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