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151.
Association of dystrobrevin and regulatory subunit of protein kinase A: a new role for dystrobrevin as a scaffold for signaling proteins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ceccarini M Grasso M Veroni C Gambara G Artegiani B Macchia G Ramoni C Torreri P Mallozzi C Petrucci TC Macioce P 《Journal of molecular biology》2007,371(5):1174-1187
The dystrophin-related and -associated protein dystrobrevin is a component of the dystrophin-associated protein complex, which directly links the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. It is now thought that this complex also serves as a dynamic scaffold for signaling proteins, and dystrobrevin may play a role in this context. Since dystrobrevin involvement in signaling pathways seems to be dependent on its interaction with other proteins, we sought new insights and performed a two-hybrid screen of a mouse brain cDNA library using beta-dystrobrevin, the isoform expressed in non-muscle tissues, as bait. Among the positive clones characterized after the screen, one encodes the regulatory subunit RIalpha of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). We confirmed the interaction by in vitro and in vivo association assays, and mapped the binding site of beta-dystrobrevin on RIalpha to the amino-terminal region encompassing the dimerization/docking domain of PKA regulatory subunit. We also found that the domain of interaction for RIalpha is contained in the amino-terminal region of beta-dystrobrevin. We obtained evidence that beta-dystrobrevin also interacts directly with RIIbeta, and that not only beta-dystrobrevin but also alpha-dystrobrevin interacts with PKA regulatory subunits. We show that both alpha and beta-dystrobrevin are specific phosphorylation substrates for PKA and that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is associated with dystrobrevins. Our results suggest a new role for dystrobrevin as a scaffold protein that may play a role in different cellular processes involving PKA signaling. 相似文献
152.
Laura de Magistris Gianfranco Delle Fave Anna Kohn Thue W. Schwartz 《Life sciences》1981,28(23):2617-2621
Bombesin, besides many other actions on the mammalian gastroentero-pancreatic tract, strongly stimulates the release of pancreatic-polypeptide (PP) in dogs. In 8 healthy human volunteers (5 males, 3 females), the PP response during bombesin infusion was low (25.7 ± 6.3 peak vs. 5.0 ± 2.0 basal pmol/1) compared to the effect of a protein meal (144.1 ± 13.4 pmol/1) or to the gastrin response to the same dose of the amphibian polypeptide (140.0 ± 23.6 pmol/1 eq SHG 17 I). The response pattern of PP and gastrin was different as PP concentrations peaked 10 min after cessation of bombesin infusion (32.0 ± 4.9 pmol/1) when gastrin concentrations already were down to one third of the maximal response. Atropine inhibited the PP response to bombesin but did not abolish it completely. It is concluded that in man, the total effect of bombesin on PP secretion is minor compared both to the effect of the peptide on gastrin secretion in man and to the effect of bombesin in dogs. It is suggested that bombesin might have a dual, inhibitory-stimulatory, effect on PP secretion in man. 相似文献
153.
Pierachille Santus Antonio Russo Enzo Madonini Luigi Allegra Francesco Blasi Stefano Centanni Antonio Miadonna Gianfranco Schiraldi Sandro Amaducci 《Respiratory research》2012,13(1):95
Background
Environmental pollution is a known risk factor for multiple diseases and furthermore increases rate of hospitalisations. We investigated the correlation between emergency room admissions (ERAs) of the general population for respiratory diseases and the environmental pollutant levels in Milan, a metropolis in northern Italy.Methods
We collected data from 45770 ERAs for respiratory diseases. A time-stratified case-crossover design was used to investigate the association between air pollution levels and ERAs for acute respiratory conditions. The effects of air pollutants were investigated at lag 0 to lag 5, lag 0–2 and lag 3–5 in both single and multi-pollutant models, adjusted for daily weather variables.Results
An increase in ozone (O3) levels at lag 3–5 was associated with a 78% increase in the number of ERAs for asthma, especially during the warm season. Exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) proved to be a risk factor for pneumonia at lag 0–2 and in the warm season increased the risk of ERA by 66%. A significant association was found between ERAs for COPD exacerbation and levels of sulphur dioxide (SO2), CO, nitrate dioxide (NO2), and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). The multipollutant model that includes all pollutants showed a significant association between CO (26%) and ERA for upper respiratory tract diseases at lag 0–2. For chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations, only CO (OR 1.19) showed a significant association.Conclusions
Exposure to environmental pollution, even at typical low levels, can increase the risk of ERA for acute respiratory diseases and exacerbation of obstructive lung diseases in the general population. 相似文献154.
Frangioni G Borgioli G Bianchi S 《Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology》2003,296(2):125-136
Groups of 6 specimens each of the newt Triturus carnifex were treated with melatonin to see if the hormone inhibited melanogenesis in the Kupffer cells of the liver (melanomacrophages), a process markedly stimulated by hypoxia. A dose of 500 microg/g in 27% ethanol, injected intraperitoneally, induced loss of consciousness and tetany of all the skeletal muscles, which on the contrary appeared relaxed in animals pre-anesthetised by immersion in chlorbutol at 0.2%. Anesthetised specimens injected with melatonin showed a significantly lower increase in hepatic pigmentation after acute hypoxia, a condition attained by sealing each specimen in a 620 mL respiratory chamber with water containing 1.1 ppm of oxygen for the time needed to consume it all (about two hours). If hypoxia is reached gradually, beginning with 8 ppm of oxygen (normoxic condition), the increase in hepatic pigmentation after melatonin injection does not differ significantly from that of non-hormone treated specimens: thus melatonin does not seem to play a direct part in controlling hepatic melanogenesis. Instead, the hormone induces significant increase in oxygen consumption, marked general steatosis of the liver and the almost total disappearance of glycogen. Intraperitoneal injection of 500 microg/g of melatonin in anesthetised animals exposed to the air (normoxic) also causes severe steatosis and an unexpected increase in the hepatic deposits of melanin, as after hypoxic treatment. A dose of 100 ng/g in 1% ethanol, ineffective when injected intraperitoneally, also induces these effects if injected directly into the arterial blood-stream through the conus arteriosus, thus avoiding the hepatic filter. The phenomena observed appear to be induced by a powerful endocrine mechanism that provokes metabolic hypoxia by consuming all the available ATP for synthesizing fat. A less intense form of steatosis can also be observed in animals subjected to hypoxia but without prior hormone treatment, indicating that a natural process triggered by hypoxic stress is pushed to the extreme by exogenous melatonin: the hormone changes the entire energy metabolism of the organism so that it can survive for a long time under adverse environmental conditions. 相似文献
155.
Aya Ibrahim Danielle Kirkpatrick Laura J. Nixon Dalton C. Ludwick Gianfranco Anfora Tracy C. Leskey 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2020,144(7):589-597
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an invasive pest that attacks specialty and row crops in North America and Europe. There has been a concerted effort to reduce frequent broad-spectrum insecticide applications made on vulnerable crops. One tool that has emerged recently is the use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) as a killing agent. Here, we conducted bioassays to evaluate the effect of direct contact on deltamethrin-impregnated LLINs on the behaviour and survivorship of H. halys nymphs and adults in the laboratory. Following exposure at three different durations (1.25, 4.25 or 7.25 min), vertical and horizontal mobility of adults and nymphs and the flight capacity of adults were recorded and compared with individuals that were not exposed (control). Exposure to LLINs reduced the horizontal distance and velocity and increased the angular velocity of adults only but reduced vertical mobility of adults and nymphs. Adult flights were not significantly affected by LLIN exposure. Mortality of adults and nymphs at 7-day post-exposure ranged from 73% to 77% regardless of exposure time. We discuss our findings within the context of the potential for and limitations of deploying LLINs in vulnerable crops to manage H. halys populations. 相似文献
156.
Lucio Annunziato Salvatore Amoroso Gianfranco Di Renzo Filomena Argenzio Caterina Aurilio Antonio Grella Aldo Quattrone 《Life sciences》1983,33(26):2651-2655
In humans the release of growth hormone (GH) elicited by dopamine (DA) and DA agonists may represent a reliable model to assess change in sensitivity of DA receptors. We now report that in chronic alcoholics, 4–7 days after the suspension of alcohol consumption, the increase of GH response to DA infusion was higher than that seen in non alcoholic volunteers. The specificity of this GH response to DA administration was demonstrated by the use of domperidone, a novel peripheral antagonist of DA receptors. These results suggest the development of hyper-responsiveness of DA receptors involved in the control of GH secretion in chronic alcoholics during the later phases of the “withdrawal syndrome”. 相似文献
157.
158.
Riccardo Danielli Roberto Patuzzo Anna Maria Di Giacomo Gianfranco Gallino Andrea Maurichi Annabella Di Florio Ornella Cutaia Andrea Lazzeri Carolina Fazio Clelia Miracco Leonardo Giovannoni Giuliano Elia Dario Neri Michele Maio Mario Santinami 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2015,64(8):999-1009
159.
Alessandro Messeri Marco Morabito Gianni Messeri Giada Brandani Martina Petralli Francesca Natali Daniele Grifoni Alfonso Crisci Gianfranco Gensini Simone Orlandini 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
The frequency of natural hazards has been increasing in the last decades in Europe and specifically in Mediterranean regions due to climate change. For example heavy precipitation events can lead to disasters through the interaction with exposed and vulnerable people and natural systems. It is therefore necessary a prevention planning to preserve human health and to reduce economic losses. Prevention should mainly be carried out with more adequate land management, also supported by the development of an appropriate risk prediction tool based on weather forecasts. The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between weather types (WTs) and the frequency of floods and landslides that have caused damage to properties, personal injuries, or deaths in the Italian regions over recent decades. In particular, a specific risk index (WT-FLARI) for each WT was developed at national and regional scale. This study has identified a specific risk index associated with each weather type, calibrated for each Italian region and applicable to both annual and seasonal levels. The risk index represents the seasonal and annual vulnerability of each Italian region and indicates that additional preventive actions are necessary for some regions. The results of this study represent a good starting point towards the development of a tool to support policy-makers, local authorities and health agencies in planning actions, mainly in the medium to long term, aimed at the weather damage reduction that represents an important issue of the World Meteorological Organization mission. 相似文献
160.
Marco Vinceti Sergio Rovesti Cristina Marchesi Margherita Bergomi Gianfranco Vivoli 《Biological trace element research》1994,40(3):267-275
In a part of the municipal territory of Reggio Emilia, northern Italy, selenium in drinking water decreased from 7 μg/L to
less than 1 μg/L. In a cohort of 4419 individuals, previously exposed for at least 5 yr to the drinking water with higher
selenium content, the 7-yr temporal distribution of deaths for coronary disease and for stroke was analyzed to examine a possible
relationship with changes in drinking water selenium. From January 1986 until August 1988, when tap water selenium was 7 μg/L,
deaths for coronary disease were one in males and two in females. After the decrease in drinking water selenium, 21 and 10
coronary deaths were observed, respectively, in males and in females from September 1988 to December 1992. No significant
difference in the temporal distribution of stroke deaths was observed both in males and in females. Even if an effect of chance
and aging in the temporal distribution of coronary deaths may not be excluded, findings of the study seem to be consistent
with the hypothesis of a beneficial effect of selenium on coronary disease mortality. 相似文献