初期采脂对马尾松木材构造的影响

广东省韶关林场采用标准的采脂工艺,在其马尾松人工林进行了两年的初期采脂试验。 在这些马尾松的采脂树的采脂盘上,主要呈现泌脂和木材增生,而在其下方距离0.5m的影响盘上。仅有一些创伤轴向树脂道和树脂囊。创伤树脂道使其邻近的轴向管胞的形状不规则,又与树轴倾斜近45°。 从山中试验区不同的松树林分,在其对照盘(对照树的)、影响盘上,自髓向外每隔一个生长轮的离析材料;另在采脂盘上密切邻近采脂面两侧,自圆盘周围向内各选4轮材料;分别测定轴向管胞的长度,得知这些30(20)年生的马尾松树仍在幼态期间,其管胞长度一般是增加的;至于采脂面两侧的管胞却显出不同程度的减短,其中一些管胞呈现种种不规则形状。     

中药灵香草及其混淆品种的比较鉴别

本文比较了中药灵香草Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance及其混淆品种垂花香草Lysimaehia nutantiflora Chen et C.M.Hu的植物形态、药材性状以及茎、叶组织显微特征。指出垂花香草无灵香草特有的芳香。也无药用记载。应仔细区别,不宜混用。     

Combined second and third toe transfer

Historically, restoration of hand function following multiple digital amputation has been unsatisfactory. The evolution of digital reconstruction with toe transfer has enabled surgeons to reestablish prehension in these severely injured hands. A 4-year experience with 26 consecutive combined second and third toe transfers to replace missing adjacent fingers was reviewed in order to delineate the indications and technical considerations and to emphasize prevention of donor-site complications. Combined second and third toe transfer is reserved for adjacent finger amputations proximal to the digital web space with remaining fingers no longer than the small finger. Radial amputations are replaced with contralateral combined toe units, while ipsilateral toes are more ideal for ulnar amputations. Limited dorsal and plantar skin flaps extending only to the midpoint of the first and third digital web spaces allow for direct donor-site closure and uncomplicated healing. Maintenance of the plantar metatarsal arch by avoiding metatarsal shaft osteotomies or bone grafting-shortened metatarsals eliminates potential gait disturbances. When properly applied in selected patients, this single-stage microsurgical procedure can restore prehensile function, improve the appearance of the hand with multiple digital amputations, and preserve near-normal donor-foot function.     

Groin flap design and versatility

The groin flap is a reliable and well-established reconstructive option for pedicled or free-tissue transfer. Concern regarding its variable vascular origin and caliber has limited its use. To overcome this, a simplified guideline based on the transverse diameter of the patient's index and long fingers at the distal interphalangeal level has been developed. Thus "rule of two finger widths" positions the origin of the vascular pedicle from the femoral vessels two finger widths below the inguinal ligament, the upper flap border two finger widths above the inguinal ligament, the lower flap border two finger widths below the vascular origin, and both parallel to the flap axis, which lies along a line from the vascular origin to the anterosuperior iliac spine. This new groin flap design provides the necessary guidelines for vascular identification, accommodates pediatric and adult stature, and ensures primary donor-site closure if flap dimensions are within the prescribed boundaries. In addition, a new sartorius-cutaneous groin flap is presented. This combines the cutaneous groin flap with the proximal sartorius muscle (up to 15 cm), which is supplied by the deep vessels of the superficial circumflex iliac system. The sartorius-cutaneous groin flap further emphasizes the concept of single-pedicle compound or combined flaps and additionally enhances the extensive reconstructive versatility of previously described groin flaps. Over 200 pedicled and free groin flaps have been performed according to the "rule of two finger widths" over the past 5 years. There have been no complications related to flap design, such as difficulty with flap elevation, marginal necrosis, or donor-site closure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Stages of B-lymphocyte differentiation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Blasts phenotype was determined in 61 children with the acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Non-T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was diagnosed in 51 children. Stages of blasts differentiation were determined with the aid of monoclonal antibodies set using alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase technique. Blasts in 50 patients belonged to B subpopulation confirmed by the presence of panB CD19 and CD22 antigens. Common antigen was seen in 76.5% of the examined patients with non-T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cases of non-T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia were divided into 8 subgroups depending on the antigens of B-cells differentiation. An identification of pre-B subgroups of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia indicates heterogenicity of the acute lymphoblastic leukemias in childhood and enables their classification into groups corresponding to the early stages of lymphoblasts maturation.     

Forskolin stimulation of pepsinogen secretion from frog esophageal mucosa is partly mediated by intrinsic cholinergic neurons

Forskolin was found to stimulate pepsinogen secretion from frog esophageal mucosa. The stimulation was dose-dependent and was accompanied with a great increase in tissue cAMP content. The response to forskolin mimicked the action of bethanechol and was not additive with bethanechol. The stimulatory effect of forskolin was inhibited by 50% in the presence of either atropine or tetrodotoxin. On the other hand, incubation in a calcium-free medium not only reduced the response to forskolin by 45% but also eliminated the influence of atropine and tetrodotoxin. These results indicate that forskolin may stimulate pepsinogen secretion from the frog esophageal mucosa via activating adenylate cyclase, and part of its effect may arise from eliciting acetylcholine release from the intrinsic neurons.     

Reclustering of scattered Golgi elements occurs along microtubules

Depolymerization of the interphase microtubules by nocodazole results in the scattering and apparent fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus in Vero fibroblast cells. Upon removal of the drug, the interphase microtubules repolymerize, and the scattered Golgi elements move back to the region around the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) within 40 to 60 min. Using a fluorescent lipid analogue (C6-NBD-ceramide) as a vital stain for the scattered Golgi elements, their relocation was visualized by video-enhanced fluorescence microscopy in Vero cells maintained at 20 degrees C. The NBD-labeled structures were identified as Golgi elements by their colocalization with galactosyltransferase in the fixed cells. During reclustering, NBD-labeled Golgi elements were observed to move by discontinuous saltations towards the MTOC with velocities of 0.1 to 0.4 micron/s. Paths along which Golgi elements moved were super-imposable on microtubules visualized by indirect immunofluorescence. Neither the collapse of intermediate filaments caused by microinjection of antibodies to vimentin nor the disruption of microfilaments by cytochalasin D had an effect on the reclustering of Golgi elements or the positioning of the Golgi apparatus. These data show that scattered Golgi elements move along microtubules back to the region around the MTOC, while neither intact intermediate filaments nor microfilaments are involved.     

Citric acid production by Aspergillus niger immobilized on polyurethane foam

Summary Citric acid was produced using Aspergillus niger immobilized on polyurethane foam in a bubble column reactor. Most of the adsorbed cells remained on the support and, as a result, high oxygen tension was maintained during the reactor operation. However, uncontrolled growth of the pellets made continuous reactor operation difficult. The citric acid productivity obtained from 15 vol.% foam particles containing immobilized cells was 0.135 g/l per hour. This productivity of immobilized cells was almost the same as that of free cells. The oxygen level dropped to half saturation in 5 days in the immobilized cell culture in contrast to 2 days in the free cell culture.