The functional significance of synchronization of cortical potentials in humans

The dependence between the level and the topography of spatial synchronization of cortical potentials and the manifestation of motor reactions to light stimuli was studied in humans. To evaluate the spatial synchronization of potentials the correlation coefficients () were calculated between three points of the motor area and each of three occipital points of the cortex. The calculation was made using a computer with direct input of the potentials. At a definite level of the machine switched on a light stimulus and a mechanism recording the motor reaction. The experiments have shown that the higher the number of pair derivations giving a high value of , the more often movements are caused. Moreover it became apparent that the pattern of correlation ratios between the derivations depends on the motor reactions. In the case of movements a significant constancy of the ratios between individual derivations was found. It is shown that the spatial synchronization of potentials in the human cerebral cortex has a functional significance. However, this synchronization does not reflect the realization of movements but only the conditions required for them.Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 166–172, March–April, 1970.     

Isolation of Rec mutants of Bacillus subtilis via insertional mutagenesis]

A number of mutants supersensitive to mytomycine C were isolated via insertion of Tn917 into Bacillus subtilis chromosome. Six Rec mutants with lower transformation frequency, though with nondisturbed capacity of DNA binding and uptake, were isolated. Two of these mutations are situated in those chromosomal sites where location of Rec genes had not yet been registered.     

Production of rabbit precipitating antisera to subclasses of human IgG]

Precipitating antisera to human subclasses IgG were obtained by immunization of rabbits by whole molecules IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 and gamma 1-chains derived from IgG1H (Pr). Analysis of the antisera obtained demonstrated that rabbits produced specific antibodies to the antigenic subclass determinants IgG3 well, to IgG2, IgG4--much worse, and failed to produce specific antibodies to subclass IgG1 (in immunization with whole molecules of this protein). Antisera contained antibodies to the antigenic determinants common of IgG, and antibodies to light chains which were removed by immunosorption, for which purpose a sorbent on the basis of BrCN sepharose conjugated with IgG of the three other subclasses and Fab-fragment was used.     

Determination of the subclasses of monoclonal human immunoglobulins G and of the light chain type with the aid of specific antisera]

Sera of 86 patients suffering from G-myeloma were studied for the purpose of determination of subclasses of monoclone IgG. Investigations were carried out by means of antisera to subclasses IgG by the double diffusion method in gel after Ouchterlony. The following distribution of myeloma Ig was revealed: G1--70%, G2--17%, G3--11%,and G4--2%. In typing of the light igG chains by the method of immunoelectrophoresis, using antisera to the light chains of immunoglobulins of the chi and lambda type it was found that IgG1 chi was encountered more frequently than IgG1 lambda (3:1 ratio). The amount of the sera with the IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 was insufficient for the reliable conclusion of their distribution by the type of light chains.     

Use of immunoenzyme analysis for controlling the activity of antisera to insulin

Antisera to insulin were obtained from guinea pigs hyperimmunized with the use of Freund's adjuvant. To control the specific activity of antisera, the highly specific modern method of ELISA was used. Insulin was allowed to adsorb on the surface of the wells of polystyrene microplates, then consecutive dilutions of the tested antisera to insulin were placed into the wells. The insulin-antibody complexes thus obtained were detected by means of immunoperoxidase conjugate. Antibody titers in antisera obtained from different animals varied from 5 X 10(-3) to 10(-5). A good correlation between the results obtained by ELISA and by radioimmunoassay was observed.     

Peculiarities of Inheritance of Pollen Fertility Restoration Trait in Sunflower with Cytoplasmic Male Sterility

Russian Journal of Genetics - The progenies from crosses of a sterile VIR116A line with PET1 CMS with pollen fertility restorer RIL130, VIR210, and VIR740 lines, differing in the type of cytoplasm...     

Dynamic of myocarditis development in rats after injection of cardiac myosine combined with IFA

Myocarditis development was investigated after immunization rats with single subcutaneous injection of cardiac myosin (800 microg/kg) with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) (M + IFA group). Control group received equal volume of IFA alone or nothing (intact group). On days 4, 14, and 21 after injection, light and electron microscopy of heart sections, morphometric analysis, estimation of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1p, IL-6, VEGF, TNFa and iNOS) expression were used to evaluate inflammatory response in myocardium. In addition, we estimated cardiac myosin antibody levels in blood serum and nitrite and nitrate levels in blood serum. Our data showed that immunization with cardiac myosin combined with IFA led to inflammatory response in the rat myocardium. Acute inflammation (i.e. lymphocyte infiltration of myocardium and increase of proinflammatory cytokines level) in M + IFA group occurred on 21 days after immunization.