Successful treatment with voriconazol of a Pseudallescheria boydii fungus ball in a HIV positive patient and previous tuberculosis

We herein describe a patient with a Pseudallescheria boydii fungus ball in a tuberculous lung cavity, which was successfully treated four years earlier. The patient was HIV positive classified as C3 with a previous history of i.v. heroin abuse. The clinical presumptive diagnosis was radiologically established combined with histological examination. Culture of tissue confirmed and proved the fungal etiology. In vitro MIC values for voriconazole (0.5 mg/ml) guided antifungal prophylactic treatment before surgical eradication of the fungus ball since the patient was immunosuppressed. We discuss the clinical spectrum of P. boydii infections and currently medical approach.     

Tcf3: a transcriptional regulator of axis induction in the early embryo

The roles of Lef/Tcf proteins in determining cell fate characteristics have been described in many contexts during vertebrate embryogenesis, organ and tissue homeostasis, and cancer formation. Although much of the accumulated work on these proteins involves their ability to transactivate target genes when stimulated by beta-catenin, Lef/Tcf proteins can repress target genes in the absence of stabilized beta-catenin. By ablating Tcf3 function, we have uncovered an important requirement for a repressor function of Lef/Tcf proteins during early mouse development. Tcf3-/- embryos proceed through gastrulation to form mesoderm, but they develop expanded and often duplicated axial mesoderm structures, including nodes and notochords. These duplications are preceded by ectopic expression of Foxa2, an axial mesoderm gene involved in node specification, with a concomitant reduction in Lefty2, a marker for lateral mesoderm. By contrast, expression of a beta-catenin-dependent, Lef/Tcf reporter (TOPGal), is not ectopically activated but is faithfully maintained in the primitive streak. Taken together, these data reveal a unique requirement for Tcf3 repressor function in restricting induction of the anterior-posterior axis.     

Organization and annotation of the Xcat critical region: elimination of seven positional candidate genes

Xcat mice display X-linked congenital cataracts and are a mouse model for the human X-linked cataract disease Nance Horan syndrome (NHS). The genetic defect in Xcat mice and NHS patients is not known. We isolated and sequenced a BAC contig representing a portion of the Xcat critical region. We combined our sequencing data with the most recent mouse sequence assemblies from both Celera and public databases. The sequence of the 2.2-Mb Xcat critical region was then analyzed for potential Xcat candidate genes. The coding regions of the seven known genes within this area (Rai2, Rbbp7, Ctps2, Calb3, Grpr, Reps2, and Syap1) were sequenced in Xcat mice and no mutations were detected. The expression of Rai2 was quantitatively identical in wild-type and Xcat mutant eyes. These results indicate that the Xcat mutation is within a novel, undiscovered gene.     

Pigment conformation and pigment-protein interactions in the reconstituted Lhcb4 antenna protein

Resonance Raman spectra of the native Lhcb4 antenna protein are compared with those of a recombinant protein prepared by in vitro refolding of its polypeptide, over-expressed in Escherichia coli, with added pigments [Giuffra et al. (1996) Eur. J. Biochem. 238, 112-120]. The results indicate that the native pigment conformation is reproduced almost perfectly in the reconstituted protein, with only small differences which are attributed to a slight shift in the Soret absorption peak of two or more chlorophylls. This procedure therefore represents a model system for the investigation of site-directed mutant LHC proteins, which are otherwise very difficult to obtain.     

Plasma hsa-mir-19b is a potential LevoDopa therapy marker

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly, the diagnostic and prognostic of which is based mostly on clinical signs. LevoDopa replacement is the gold standard therapy for PD, as it ameliorates the motor symptoms. However, it does not affect the progression of the disease and its long-term use triggers severe complications. There are no bona fide biomarkers for monitoring the patients’ response to LevoDopa and predicting the efficacy of levodopa treatment. Here, we have combined qPCR microRNA array screening with analysis of validated miRs in naïve versus Levodopa-treated PD patients. We have identified plasma miR-19b as a possible biomarker for LevoDopa therapy and validated this result in human differentiated dopaminergic neurons exposed to LevoDopa. In silico analysis suggests that the LevoDopa-induced miR-19b regulates ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.     

Influence of sex, age and season on the feeding habits of the flatfish Solea senegalensis

Synopsis The Senegal sole Solea senegalensis is a commercially valuable fish and it is beginning to be cultured, in an extensive way, in fish farms in southern European countries. Little is known about its feeding habits, unlike other Solea species such as the common sole Solea solea. This paper studies the feeding habits of a wild population of Senegal sole. Differences according to sex, age and season were statistically analyzed. A total of 376 fish, aged between two and six years old, were studied over a single year. Twenty eight different families of prey were identified, belonging, in order of abundance, to crustaceans, polychaetes and molluscs. The Senegal sole trophic profile (preys items with a Simpson's dominance index 2) was: Glyceridae, Nephtydidae, Onuphidae, Apseudidae, Ampeliscidae and Upogebiidae. Feeding habits of Senegal sole were significantly influenced by sex, age and season, with crustaceans being the prey most affected.This paper is dedicated to the memory of Daniel Ray Ogilvie. who died 7 January 1995.