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991.
992.
Lars R. Jensen Lillian Garrett Sabine M. Hölter Birgit Rathkolb Ildikó Rácz Thure Adler Cornelia Prehn Wolfgang Hans Jan Rozman Lore Becker Juan Antonio Aguilar-Pimentel Oliver Puk Kristin Moreth Monika Dopatka Diego J. Walther Viola von Bohlen und Halbach Matthias Rath Martin Delatycki Andreas W. Kuss 《生物化学与生物物理学报:疾病的分子基础》2019,1865(9):2083-2093
Mutations in the X chromosomal tRNA 2′?O?methyltransferase FTSJ1 cause intellectual disability (ID). Although the gene is ubiquitously expressed affected individuals present no consistent clinical features beyond ID. In order to study the pathological mechanism involved in the aetiology of FTSJ1 deficiency-related cognitive impairment, we generated and characterized an Ftsj1 deficient mouse line based on the gene trapped stem cell line RRD143. Apart from an impaired learning capacity these mice presented with several statistically significantly altered features related to behaviour, pain sensing, bone and energy metabolism, the immune and the hormone system as well as gene expression. These findings show that Ftsj1 deficiency in mammals is not phenotypically restricted to the brain but affects various organ systems. Re-examination of ID patients with FTSJ1 mutations from two previously reported families showed that several features observed in the mouse model were recapitulated in some of the patients. Though the clinical spectrum related to Ftsj1 deficiency in mouse and man is variable, we suggest that an increased pain threshold may be more common in patients with FTSJ1 deficiency. Our findings demonstrate novel roles for Ftsj1 in maintaining proper cellular and tissue functions in a mammalian organism. 相似文献
993.
994.
Linda Ongaro Marilia O. Scliar Rodrigo Flores Alessandro Raveane Davide Marnetto Stefania Sarno Guido A. Gnecchi-Ruscone Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme Etienne Patin Pongsakorn Wangkumhang Garrett Hellenthal Miguel Gonzalez-Santos Roy J. King Anastasia Kouvatsi Oleg Balanovsky Elena Balanovska Lubov Atramentova Shahlo Turdikulova Francesco Montinaro 《Current biology : CB》2019,29(23):3974-3986.e4
995.
Game Dynamics with Learning and Evolution of Universal Grammar 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mitchener WG 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》2007,69(3):1093-1118
We investigate a model of language evolution, based on population game dynamics with learning. First, we examine the case
of two genetic variants of universal grammar (UG), the heart of the human language faculty, assuming each admits two possible
grammars. The dynamics are driven by a communication game. We prove using dynamical systems techniques that if the payoff
matrix obeys certain constraints, then the two UGs are stable against invasion by each other, that is, they are evolutionarily
stable. Then, we prove a similar theorem for an arbitrary number of disjoint UGs. In both theorems, the constraints are independent
of the learning process. Intuitively, if a mutation in UG results in grammars that are incompatible with the established languages,
then the mutation will die out because mutants will be unable to communicate and therefore unable to realize any potential
benefit of the mutation. An example for which these theorems do not apply shows that compatible mutations may or may not be
able to invade, depending on the population's history and the learning process. These results suggest that the genetic history
of language is constrained by the need for compatibility and that mutations in the language faculty may have died out or taken
over due more to historical accident than to any straightforward notion of relative fitness.
MSC 1991: 37N25 · 92D15 · 91F20 相似文献
996.
Tchkonia T Lenburg M Thomou T Giorgadze N Frampton G Pirtskhalava T Cartwright A Cartwright M Flanagan J Karagiannides I Gerry N Forse RA Tchoukalova Y Jensen MD Pothoulakis C Kirkland JL 《American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism》2007,292(1):E298-E307
Anatomically separate fat depots differ in size, function, and contribution to pathological states, such as the metabolic syndrome. We isolated preadipocytes from different human fat depots to determine whether the basis for this variation is partly attributable to differences in inherent properties of fat cell progenitors. We found that genome-wide expression profiles of primary preadipocytes cultured in parallel from abdominal subcutaneous, mesenteric, and omental fat depots were distinct. Interestingly, visceral fat was not homogeneous. Preadipocytes from one of the two main visceral depots, mesenteric fat, had an expression profile closer to that of subcutaneous than omental preadipocytes, the other main visceral depot. Expression of genes that regulate early development, including homeotic genes, differed extensively among undifferentiated preadipocytes isolated from different fat depots. These profiles were confirmed by real-time PCR analysis of preadipocytes from additional lean and obese male and female subjects. We made preadipocyte strains from single abdominal subcutaneous and omental preadipocytes by expressing telomerase. Depot-specific developmental gene expression profiles persisted for 40 population doublings in these strains. Thus, human fat cell progenitors from different regions are effectively distinct, consistent with different fat depots being separate mini-organs. 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
Identification of Omi/HtrA2 as a mitochondrial apoptotic serine protease that disrupts inhibitor of apoptosis protein-caspase interaction 总被引:37,自引:0,他引:37
Hegde R Srinivasula SM Zhang Z Wassell R Mukattash R Cilenti L DuBois G Lazebnik Y Zervos AS Fernandes-Alnemri T Alnemri ES 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2002,277(1):432-438
To identify human proteins that bind to the Smac and caspase-9 binding pocket on the baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) repeat 3 (BIR3) domain of human XIAP, we used BIR3 as an affinity reagent, followed by elution with the BIR3 binding peptide AVPIA, microsequencing, and mass spectrometry. The mature serine protease Omi (also known as HtrA2) was identified as a mitochondrial direct BIR3-binding protein and a caspase activator. Like mature Smac (also known as Diablo), mature Omi contains a conserved IAP-binding motif (AVPS) at its N terminus, which is exposed after processing of its N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence upon import into the mitochondria. Mature Omi is released together with mature Smac from the mitochondria into the cytosol upon disruption of the outer mitochondrial membrane during apoptosis. Finally, mature Omi can induce apoptosis in human cells in a caspase-independent manner through its protease activity and in a caspase-dependent manner via its ability to disrupt caspase-IAP interaction. Our results provide clear evidence for the involvement of a mitochondrial serine protease in the apoptotic pathway, emphasizing the critical role of the mitochondria in cell death. 相似文献
1000.