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41.
42.
阿根廷前科迪勒拉区寒武─奥陶系地层发育。中晚奥陶世时,前科迪勒拉东部与中部山区为浅水陆棚相,西部山区为斜坡─盆地相。牙形刺的分布主要与平静的暖水大洋有关。寒武纪仅发现晚寒武世Proconodontus带,此期间有一次海侵事件。在奥陶纪发现了牙形刺并可识别出四次海侵事件三次海退事件和二次缺氧事件。 相似文献
43.
Andrea P. Castillo‐Monroy Matthew A. Bowker Fernando T. Maestre Susana Rodríguez‐Echeverría Isabel Martinez Claudia E. Barraza‐Zepeda Cristina Escolar 《植被学杂志》2011,22(1):165-174
Questions: To what degree do biological soil crusts (BSCs), which are regulators of the soil surface boundary, influence associated microbial communities? Are these associations important to ecosystem functioning in a Mediterranean semi‐arid environment? Location: Gypsum outcrops near Belmonte del Tajo, Central Spain. Methods: We sampled a total of 45 (50 cm × 50 cm) plots, where we estimated the cover of every lichen and BSC‐forming lichen species. We also collected soil samples to estimate bacterial species richness and abundance, and to assess different surrogates of ecosystem functioning. We used path analysis to evaluate the relationships between the richness/abundance of above‐ and below‐ground species and ecosystem functioning. Results: We found that the greatest direct effect upon the ecosystem function matrix was that of the biological soil crust (BSC) richness matrix. A few bacterial species were sensitive to the lichen community, with a disproportionate effect of Collema crispum and Toninia sedifolia compared to their low abundance and frequency. The lichens Fulgensia subbracteata and Toninia spp. also had negative effects on bacteria, while Diploschistes diacapsis consistently affected sensitive bacteria, sometimes positively. Despite these results, very few of the BSC effects on ecosystem function could be ascribed to changes within the bacterial community. Conclusion: Our results suggest the primary importance of the richness of BSC‐forming lichens as drivers of small‐scale changes in ecosystem functioning. This study provides valuable insights on semi‐arid ecosystems where plant cover is spatially discontinuous and ecosystem function in plant interspaces is regulated largely by BSCs. 相似文献
44.
Shanti Souriant Luciana Balboa Maeva Dupont Karine Pingris Denise Kviatcovsky Céline Cougoule Claire Lastrucci Aicha Bah Romain Gasser Renaud Poincloux Brigitte Raynaud-Messina Talal Al Saati Sandra Inwentarz Susana Poggi Eduardo Jose Moraña Pablo González-Montaner Marcelo Corti Bernard Lagane Christel Vérollet 《Cell reports》2019,26(13):3586-3599.e7
45.
Hydrological extremes modulate nutrient dynamics in mediterranean climate streams across different spatial scales 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We studied benthic macroinvertebrate communities upstream and downstream of five small reservoirs (surface release in autumn–winters) (north Spain) to assess the effect of flow regulation on structural and functional characteristics of stream ecosystems. We based our approach on the use of structural metrics (density, biomass, richness and diversity) in combination with two functional diversity indices based on biological and ecological traits: FDPG index, related to species richness, and FDQ, which incorporates evenness across taxa. Although water physicochemical parameters were unaffected by the reservoirs during the study period (autumn–winter), macroinvertebrate metrics were lower below the dams, with detritivores (shredders and collector-gatherers) being the most affected. The alder leaf breakdown rate estimated by the litter-bag technique was related to the density, biomass, richness, diversity and FDPG index of shredders, compromising the ecosystem functioning. The most plausible origin for the observed differences in macroinvertebrate metrics between upstream and downstream reaches was the change of the flow regime caused by the impoundments at downstream sites, leading to droughts in summer in those naturally permanently flowing streams. The observed functional diversity loss might reduce the chances of the community to override natural or man-induced fluctuations in their environment with possible repercussions on important ecosystem functions and services. 相似文献
46.
Gayana S Amirthalingam Sara Howard Susana Alvarez Angel R de Lera Nobue Itasaki 《BMC developmental biology》2009,9(1):17-18
Background
While the body axis is largely patterned along the anterior-posterior (A-P) axis during gastrulation, the central nervous system (CNS) shows dynamic changes in the expression pattern of Hox genes during neurulation, suggesting that the CNS refines the A-P pattern continuously after neural tube formation. This study aims at clarifying the role of somites in up-regulating Hoxb4 expression to eventually establish its final pattern and how the neural tube develops a competence to respond to extrinsic signals. 相似文献47.
48.
Marcela A. Garabalino Elisa M. Heber Andrea Monti Hughes Sara J. González Ana J. Molinari Emiliano C. C. Pozzi Susana Nievas Maria E. Itoiz Romina F. Aromando David W. Nigg William Bauer Verónica A. Trivillin Amanda E. Schwint 《Radiation and environmental biophysics》2013,52(3):351-361
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on selective accumulation of 10B carriers in tumor followed by neutron irradiation. We previously proved the therapeutic success of BNCT mediated by the boron compounds boronophenylalanine and sodium decahydrodecaborate (GB-10) in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model. Based on the clinical relevance of the boron carrier sodium borocaptate (BSH) and the knowledge that the most effective way to optimize BNCT is to improve tumor boron targeting, the specific aim of this study was to perform biodistribution studies of BSH in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model and evaluate the feasibility of BNCT mediated by BSH at nuclear reactor RA-3. The general aim of these studies is to contribute to the knowledge of BNCT radiobiology and optimize BNCT for head and neck cancer. Sodium borocaptate (50 mg 10B/kg) was administered to tumor-bearing hamsters. Groups of 3–5 animals were killed humanely at nine time-points, 3–12 h post-administration. Samples of blood, tumor, precancerous pouch tissue, normal pouch tissue and other clinically relevant normal tissues were processed for boron measurement by optic emission spectroscopy. Tumor boron concentration peaked to therapeutically useful boron concentration values of 24–35 ppm. The boron concentration ratio tumor/normal pouch tissue ranged from 1.1 to 1.8. Pharmacokinetic curves showed that the optimum interval between BSH administration and neutron irradiation was 7–11 h. It is concluded that BNCT mediated by BSH at nuclear reactor RA-3 would be feasible. 相似文献
49.
The effect of temperature, pH, water potential and sources of nitrogen and carbon on the biocontrol agent Penicillium oxalicum
were studied in vitro. The fungus is xerotolerant, mesophillic and has a wide pH tolerance. The parameters evaluated (germination,
germ tube length, growth rate and sporulation) showed different sensitivities to the environmental factors. Peptone and free
amino acids gave the highest growth rates and high levels of sporulation. Xylose, mannose and fructose gave the highest growth
rates and mannose induced strong sporulation. The effect of nutrients (mannose + arginine) and water potential was also studied
in vivo. The xerotolerant character of the fungus was confirmed. From this study we consider Penicillium oxalicum ecologically
competent to perform effectively as a biocontrol agent in the soil environment.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
50.
Erika Maldonado-Rodríguez Marisa Hernndez-Barrales Adrin Reyes-Lpez Susana Godina-Gonzlez Perla I. Gallegos-Flores Edgar L. Esparza-Ibarra Irma E. Gonzlez-Curiel Jesús Aguayo-Rojas Adrin Lpez-Saucedo Gretel Mendoza-Almanza Jorge L. Ayala-Lujn 《Current issues in molecular biology》2022,44(8):3648
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Multiple extrinsic and intrinsic factors are associated with this disease’s development. Various research groups worldwide have reported the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in samples of malignant breast tumors. Although its role in mammary carcinogenesis is not fully understood, it is known that the HPV genome, once inserted into host cells, has oncogenic capabilities. The present study aimed to detect the presence of HPV DNA in 116 breast tissue biopsies and classify them according to their histology. It was found that 50.9% of the breast biopsies analyzed were malignant neoplasms, of which 74.6% were histologically classified as infiltrating ductal carcinoma. In biopsies with non-malignant breast disease, fibroadenoma was the most common benign neoplasm (39.1%). Detection of HPV DNA was performed through nested PCR using the external primer MY09/11 and the internal primer GP5+/6+. A hybridization assay genotyped HPV. HPV DNA was identified in 20.3% (12/59) of malignant neoplasms and 35% non-malignant breast disease (16/46). It was also detected in 27.3% (3/11) of breast tissue biopsies without alteration. However, there are no statistically significant differences between these groups and the existence of HPV DNA (p = 0.2521). Its presence was more frequent in non-malignant alterations than in malignant neoplasias. The most frequent genotypes in the HPV-positive samples were low-risk (LR) HPV-42 followed by high-risk (HR) HPV-31. 相似文献