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Sébastien Besseau Franziska Kellner Arnaud Lanoue Antje M.K. Thamm Vonny Salim Bernd Schneider Fernando Geu-Flores René H?fer Grégory Guirimand Anthony Guihur Audrey Oudin Ga?lle Glevarec Emilien Foureau Nicolas Papon Marc Clastre Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc’h Benoit St-Pierre Danièle Werck-Reichhart Vincent Burlat Vincenzo De Luca Sarah E. O’Connor Vincent Courdavault 《Plant physiology》2013,163(4):1792-1803
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Laura Scillitani Gaëlle Darmon Andrea Monaco Giampaolo Cocca Enrico Sturaro Luca Rossi Maurizio Ramanzin 《The Journal of wildlife management》2013,77(4):761-769
The adaptation of translocated organisms to a new environment in the first years after their release is crucial in translocation programs because it may affect survival and reproductive success. Therefore, identifying the factors determining resource selection by the relocated animals is essential to improve the planning and the outcome of such programs. Using data collected in 2006–2009 in the framework of a restocking program, we studied the temporal variation of habitat selection in 14 translocated Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) during the year of their release and the following 3 years. We hypothesized a progressive adaptation of the translocated individuals, highlighted by a gradual decrease in the dissimilarities between translocated and resident individuals in ecological characteristics and social behavior. We tested the differences in habitat selection and home range size between the translocated and resident individuals and compared the spatial overlap between the groups. As expected, the dissimilarities decreased annually. The translocated and resident ibex almost immediately selected the same habitat resources, but the translocated individuals required 3 years to become fully socially assimilated. Our results indicated that habitat selection by gregarious species in a new environment is primarily driven by specific ecological requirements and that sociality plays a significant role. The translocated individuals tended to colonize areas already occupied by residents, either to fulfill social requirements and/or because the location of resident individuals may indicate high-quality habitat. This pattern of behavior must be considered in the planning of translocation programs because habitat selection can affect the outcomes of the programs. © 2013 The Wildlife Society. 相似文献
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Sabina Gerber Christian Lizak Ga?lle Michaud Monika Bucher Tamis Darbre Markus Aebi Jean-Louis Reymond Kaspar P. Locher 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2013,288(13):8849-8861
N-Linked glycosylation is an essential post-translational protein modification in the eukaryotic cell. The initial transfer of an oligosaccharide from a lipid carrier onto asparagine residues within a consensus sequon is catalyzed by oligosaccharyltransferase (OST). The first X-ray structure of a complete bacterial OST enzyme, Campylobacter lari PglB, was recently determined. To understand the mechanism of PglB, we have quantified sequon binding and glycosylation turnover in vitro using purified enzyme and fluorescently labeled, synthetic peptide substrates. Using fluorescence anisotropy, we determined a dissociation constant of 1.0 μm and a strict requirement for divalent metal ions for consensus (DQNAT) sequon binding. Using in-gel fluorescence detection, we quantified exceedingly low glycosylation rates that remained undetected using in vivo assays. We found that an alanine in the −2 sequon position, converting the bacterial sequon to a eukaryotic one, resulted in strongly lowered sequon binding, with in vitro turnover reduced 50,000-fold. A threonine is preferred over serine in the +2 sequon position, reflected by a 4-fold higher affinity and a 1.2-fold higher glycosylation rate. The interaction of the +2 sequon position with PglB is modulated by isoleucine 572. Our study demonstrates an intricate interplay of peptide and metal binding as the first step of protein N-glycosylation. 相似文献
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Gaëtan Galman 《法国昆虫学会纪事》2013,49(1-2):229-240
Les espèces seychelloises du genre Cratopus Schoenherr 1823 sont révisées, et quatre nouveaux taxons sont décrits. Espèce de grande taille (16–19 mm), C. roberti n. sp. possède dix stries élytrales, des fémurs antérieurs portant de petits denticules, y compris sur la dent, et un revêtement squamuleux vert métallique, avec une bande blanche le long de la base et des côtés des élytres, ainsi que sur les côtés du prothorax. Long de 8–10 mm, C. venustus n. sp. se reconnait à ses téguments noirs et brillants, sa vestiture réduite bleu-vert métallique, ses douze stries élytrales de forts points, ainsi qu’à ses interstries 8 et 9 caréniformes. C. griseovestitus northislandensis n. ssp. diffère de la forme nominative C. griseovestitus griseovestitus Linell 1887 par ses téguments coriacés et sa vestiture métallique du dessus dense, à reflets cuivre doré ou verts, et non gris blanchâtre ou bleuâtre. C. griseovestitus fregata n. ssp. diffère de son côté de la forme nominative par ses téguments bruns plus ou moins foncés, saupoudrés de poils et de squamules très petits. Les synonymies de C. parcesquamosus Fairmaire 1893 et de C. abbotti Linell 1907 avec C. aurostriatus Fairmaire 1892 sont confirmées, et enfin un tableau de détermination des espèces seychelloises du genre est donné. Les Cratopus des Seychelles se divisent en un ensemble de trois espèces du groupe de griseovestitus, à large répartition, habitant les côtes et les îles coralliennes basses et probablement d’arrivée récente, et un ensemble de six espèces limitées aux îles granitiques, où cinq d’entre elles ont une distribution limitée à l’intérieur d’une île ou deux. Elles sont certainement de souche beaucoup plus ancienne. Les Cratopus des Seychelles sont folivores à l’état adulte, et souvent polyphages. Une liste de leurs plantes-hôtes connues est donnée. 相似文献
46.
Sébastien Tisné Yann Serrand Liên Bach Elodie Gilbault Rachid Ben Ameur Hervé Balasse Roger Voisin David Bouchez Mylène Durand‐Tardif Philippe Guerche Gaël Chareyron Jérôme Da Rugna Christine Camilleri Olivier Loudet 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2013,74(3):534-544
Increased phenotyping accuracy and throughput are necessary to improve our understanding of quantitative variation and to be able to deconstruct complex traits such as those involved in growth responses to the environment. Still, only a few facilities are known to handle individual plants of small stature for non‐destructive, real‐time phenotype acquisition from plants grown in precisely adjusted and variable experimental conditions. Here, we describe Phenoscope, a high‐throughput phenotyping platform that has the unique feature of continuously rotating 735 individual pots over a table. It automatically adjusts watering and is equipped with a zenithal imaging system to monitor rosette size and expansion rate during the vegetative stage, with automatic image analysis allowing manual correction. When applied to Arabidopsis thaliana, we show that rotating the pots strongly reduced micro‐environmental disparity: heterogeneity in evaporation was cut by a factor of 2.5 and the number of replicates needed to detect a specific mild genotypic effect was reduced by a factor of 3. In addition, by controlling a large proportion of the micro‐environmental variance, other tangible sources of variance become noticeable. Overall, Phenoscope makes it possible to perform large‐scale experiments that would not be possible or reproducible by hand. When applied to a typical quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping experiment, we show that mapping power is more limited by genetic complexity than phenotyping accuracy. This will help to draw a more general picture as to how genetic diversity shapes phenotypic variation. 相似文献
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Using event-related fMRI in a sample of 42 healthy participants, we compared the cerebral activity maps obtained when classifying spoken sentences based on the mental content of the main character (belief, deception or empathy) or on the emotional tonality of the sentence (happiness, anger or sadness). To control for the effects of different syntactic constructions (such as embedded clauses in belief sentences), we subtracted from each map the BOLD activations obtained during plausibility judgments on structurally matching sentences, devoid of emotions or ToM. The obtained theory of mind (ToM) and emotional speech comprehension networks overlapped in the bilateral temporo-parietal junction, posterior cingulate cortex, right anterior temporal lobe, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and in the left inferior frontal sulcus. These regions form a ToM network, which contributes to the emotional component of spoken sentence comprehension. Compared with the ToM task, in which the sentences were enounced on a neutral tone, the emotional sentence classification task, in which the sentences were play-acted, was associated with a greater activity in the bilateral superior temporal sulcus, in line with the presence of emotional prosody. Besides, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex was more active during emotional than ToM sentence processing. This region may link mental state representations with verbal and prosodic emotional cues. Compared with emotional sentence classification, ToM was associated with greater activity in the caudate nucleus, paracingulate cortex, and superior frontal and parietal regions, in line with behavioral data showing that ToM sentence comprehension was a more demanding task. 相似文献
50.
Jacques Amar Céline Lange Ga?lle Payros Celine Garret Chantal Chabo Olivier Lantieri Michael Courtney Michel Marre Marie Aline Charles Beverley Balkau Rémy Burcelin D.E.S.I.R. Study Group 《PloS one》2013,8(1)