朝鲜潮虫属一新种(甲壳纲:等足目)

记述采自江苏省连云港市花果山的等足目气肢虫科朝鲜潮虫属一新种,即花果山朝鲜潮虫Ｋｏｒｅｏｎｉｓｃｕｓ ｈｕａｇｕｏｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｔａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｇｕｉ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,并讨论其与相似种莱氏朝鲜潮虫Ｋｏｒｅｏｎｉｓｃｕｓ ｒａｃｏｖｉｔｚａｉ（Ａｒｃａｎｇｅｌｉ,１９２７）的区别。     

白Pian体细胞胚悬浮培养的动力学研究

白(ＰｉｃｅａｍｅｙｅｒｉＲｅｈｄ.ｅｔＷｉｌｓ.)是我国特有的云杉属树种,在林业生产和环境绿化中均具有重要地位。其体细胞胚胎发生的研究,一方面可用于优良种质的大规模快速繁殖,为植树造林和园林绿化提供优质苗木;另一方面可作为遗传转化的再生系统,进行树种遗传...     

雌核发育银鲫与两性生殖彩鲫卵壳蛋白组分的比较分析及其受精前后的变化

以雌核发育银鲫和两性生殖彩鲫的成熟卵为材料,分离卵壳,经处理得到卵壳可溶性蛋白组分。SDS－PAGE梯度凝胶电泳分析在雌核发育银鲫中揭示出3条较明显的差异蛋白带。同时,采用相同处理方法对受精前后卵壳蛋白组分进行比较分析后发现,这些差异蛋白带在受精后发生了变化,其带纹表现为减弱或消失,表明这些差异蛋白可能与受精过程相关。 Abstracts:Egg chorions were isolated from unfertilized and fertilized eggs of gynogenetic silver crucian carp and gonochoristic color crucian carp by homogenization and further purification techniques.Then,soluble proteins were extracted from the isolated egg chorions,and were analyzed by gradient SDS-PAGE.Three differential protein bands were revealed between the gynogenetic silver crucian carp and gonochoristic color crucian carp.Furthermore,these differential proteins were demonstrated to undergo obvious changes during fertilization.It was suggested that these differential proteins should be related to the special fertilization process in gynogenetic silver crucian carp.     

鱼类的干扰素系统和干扰素系统基因的鉴定

干扰素(Interferon,IFN)是最早发现的一种细胞因子.虽然有些组织和细胞能检测到IFN的组成型表达,但在正常情况下,生物机体一般只在受到病毒和细菌感染,或用Poly I:C、促细胞分裂素等诱导剂人工诱导时分泌IFN.IFN系统是脊椎动物抵抗病毒入侵的第一道屏障,能在病毒感染后几小时内就迅速起作用,而特异性免疫抗体必须在几天或几周之后才由淋巴细胞产生.       

粳稻孕穗期耐冷性NILs的形态评价和分子验证

2004年在海拔1916m昆明两种冷害（水温19.5±0.7℃,低田温冷泉水温17.8±1.1℃)、阿子营冷害(海拔2150m,水温18.2±0.22℃)条件下对5个亲本及其25个近等基因系进行耐冷性鉴定,用Statistica对17个农艺性状进行形态聚类和SSR分子标记聚类分析。结果表明：(1)已培育的穗期耐冷性NILs与轮回亲本十和田的形态极为相似,但与耐冷性相关的性状(穗颈长、实粒数、结实率、花药长和花药体积)有明显的差异;(2)从78个SSR标记筛选出了7个标记在十和田和NILs间存在多态性, 其中RM7452标记与耐冷基因连锁,各个近等基因系间遗传背景相似,但与十和田耐冷性差异大,证明了这些NILs是水稻穗期耐冷基因精细定位和克隆的理想材料。     

绵羊18号染色体微卫星多态性与后臀发育关系的研究

根据绵羊18号染色体遗传连锁图谱及相关报道, 选择了可能与Callipyge基因连锁和有关的10个高度多态微卫星基因座(ILSTS54、TGLA337、 HH47、TGLA122、BP33、OB2、BM3413、MCM38、MCMA26和CSSM18), 分别对Dorset和Suffolk两个肉羊群体的遗传特性进行了分析。研究发现, 同一微卫星基因座在Suffolk与Dorset群体间的群体遗传参数以及对同一性状的影响情况明显不同。Dorset群体中, 等位基因个数为8~16个, 杂合度为0.8370~0.9252, 多态信息含量为0.8221~0.9167; 而在Suffolk群体中相应参数分别为5~10, 0.7603~0.8913与0.7176~0.8809。对10个微卫星基因座进行臀宽的最小二乘分析, 结果表明: 在Dorset群体中, 微卫星基因座BM3413、MCMA26和CSSM18对臀宽有显著影响(P<0.05), 其余7个微卫星对后臀宽度的影响均未达到显著水平(P>0.05); Suffolk群体中微卫星基因座TGLA122、BM3413、MCM38和CSSM18对绵羊臀宽存在显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或0.01), 其余6个微卫星基因座对臀宽的影响均未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。研究表明, 导致新疆肉羊群体后臀肌过度发育可能是其他基因或QTL的作用。     

泽兰实蝇雌成虫的寄主选择行为

【背景】泽兰实蝇是紫茎泽兰的专性寄生天敌,已成为控制紫茎泽兰的重要因子。泽兰实蝇的寄主选择力对其控制紫茎泽兰至关重要,但相关报道还很少。【方法】采用"Y"形嗅觉仪在实验室内测定泽兰实蝇雌成虫对寄主植物——紫茎泽兰及其他植物的选择行为,以及紫茎泽兰受重金属胁迫后泽兰实蝇对其选择的变化。【结果】不同日龄的泽兰实蝇雌成虫对紫茎泽兰的选择性不具有显著差异;交配与否对雌成虫的寄主选择没有显著影响;雌成虫对紫茎泽兰的选择显著高于黄蒿、水葫芦和蓝花鼠尾草等非寄主植物;雌成虫对花期及机械损伤的紫茎泽兰选择更显著;紫茎泽兰经重金属镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)和锌(Zn)单一及复合处理后,泽兰实蝇雌成虫对其选择性显著降低。【结论与意义】泽兰实蝇雌成虫的寄主选择性随植物种类、寄主植物(紫茎泽兰)的生育期、健康状况及重金属胁迫而变化,这有助于更好地利用泽兰实蝇控制紫茎泽兰。     

How the Plant Temperature Links to the Air Temperature in the Desert Plant Artemisia ordosica

Plant temperature (Tp) is an important indicator of plant health. To determine the dynamics of plant temperature and self-cooling ability of the plant, we measured Tp in Artemisia ordosica in July, in the Mu Us Desert of Northwest China. Related factors were also monitored to investigate their effects on Tp, including environmental factors, such as air temperature (Ta), relative humidity, wind speed; and physiological factors, such as leaf water potential, sap flow, and water content. The results indicate that: 1) Tp generally changes in conjunction with Ta mainly, and varies with height and among the plant organs. Tp in the young branches is most constant, while it is the most sensitive in the leaves. 2) Correlations between Tp and environmental factors show that Tp is affected mainly by Ta. 3) The self-cooling ability of the plant was effective by midday, with Tp being lower than Ta. 4) Increasing sap flow and leaf water potential showed that transpiration formed part of the mechanism that supported self-cooling. Increased in water conductance and specific heat at midday may be additional factors that contribute to plant cooling ability. Therefore, our results confirmed plant self-cooling ability. The response to high temperatures is regulated by both transpiration speed and an increase in stem water conductance. This study provides quantitative data for plant management in terms of temperature control. Moreover, our findings will assist species selection with taking plant temperature as an index.     

稻田水生昆虫的采样技术方法与应用

稻田水生昆虫在稻田生态系统功能实现中发挥着重要的作用。本文基于作者对稻田生态系统中水生昆虫多样性研究,系统地介绍了稻田水生昆虫的生态位分布、定量研究与定性研究的采集技术方法与流程,为更好地开展稻田水生昆虫研究提供技术支撑。