不同海拔梯度高寒草地地下生物量与环境因子的关系

以新疆天山南坡的巴音布鲁克高寒草地为对象, 研究了不同海拔梯度高寒草地地下生物量的变化及其与环境因子的关系.结果表明: 随着海拔的升高, 高寒草原、高寒草原化草甸和高寒草甸的地下生物量逐渐增大, 二者呈极显著正相关( P<0.01 ).地下生物量从表层至底层逐渐递减,呈“T”形分布.高寒草原、高寒草原化草甸和高寒草甸0～10 cm土层的地下生物量分别占总地下生物量的68.1%、84.1%和86.7%.地下生物量与大气温度呈极显著负相关, 与相对湿度和土壤含水量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01 ), 而与有机质、速效氮和pH等无显著相关.     

取食雄蜂蛹粉对龟纹瓢虫和异色瓢虫卵黄发生的影响

本文比较了龟纹瓢虫Proylea japonica和异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis取食蚜虫和取食雄蜂蛹粉时的卵黄发生情况.当取食雄蜂蛹粉时,体内卵黄蛋白出现迟,积累速度慢,产卵前期长.但用保幼激素类似物ZR512点滴处理后则能达到与食蚜对照相当的水平.ZR512对取食雄蜂蛹粉瓢虫的作用显著大于取食岈虫者.进一步的研究表明,ZR512能促进这两种瓢虫取食雄蜂蛹粉,但对成虫的体重没有明显的影响.因此推论,雄蜂蛹粉基本能够满足这两种瓢虫生殖的营养需要,但对其内分泌有一定的影响,使瓢虫处于类似生殖滞育的状态.本文根据不同食物条件对卵黄蛋白发生的影响不同,建议用卵黄蛋白的量作为生理指标,以快速初步筛选和评估人工饲料.     

Arbuscular mycorrhizas in a valley-type savanna in southwest China

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) status of 67 plant species in a savanna community in the hot, dry valley of Jinsha River, southwest China was surveyed. It was found that about 95% of the plant species formed AM and 5% possibly formed AM. The composition of AM fungi (AMF) in the rhizosphere soils was also investigated. The AMF spore density ranged from 5 to 6,400 per 100 g soil, with an average of 1,530, and these spores/sporocarps were identified as belonging to six genera. Fungi belonging to the genera Glomus and Acaulospora were the dominant AMF. High densities of AMF spores in the rhizosphere soils, and the intensive colonization of the plant roots, indicated that plants grown in this valley-type savanna may be highly dependent on AM.     

Changes in germinability,lipid peroxidation,and antioxidant enzyme activities in pear stock (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pyrus betulaefolia</Emphasis> Bge.) seeds during room- and low-temperature storage

The aim of this study was to determine if loss of germinability in Pyrus betulaefolia seeds stored at 4°C and at room temperature is associated with a loss of membrane lipid peroxidation or changes in antioxidant enzyme activities. The results indicated that germination percentage clearly decreased when seeds were stored at room temperature rather than at 4°C from 6 to 12 months. Room-temperature storage of the pear stock seed for 12 months decreased germination to 15.52%, but germination percentage was not changed when seed was stored at 4°C for 12 months. MDA, a marker for membrane lipid peroxidation, increased significantly under room-temperature storage conditions. Antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, and CAT) activities were a good indicator of germination percentage in pear stock seeds. Antioxidant enzyme activities of pear stock seeds at 4°C were higher than antioxidant enzyme activities in seeds stored at room temperature from 6 to 12 months. Antioxidant enzyme activities of the pear stock seed decreased markedly under conditions of room-temperature storage from 6 to 12 months. The results of this study showed that long-term room-temperature storage was detrimental for maintaining the vigor of P. betulaefolia seeds. The mechanisms responsible for this outcome are a higher level of membrane lipid peroxidation and a lower level of activity of antioxidant enzymes.     

胃血管球瘤1例及文献复习

目的:探讨胃血管球瘤的病理学特点及临床表现。方法:对1例胃血管球瘤进行组织学表现、免疫组化染色观察及文献复习。结果:组织学特点:肿瘤细胞围绕薄壁血管呈实性排列,大小一致,圆形或多角形,胞质丰富红染或透亮,界限清楚。免疫组化特点:肿瘤细胞表达SMA(++)、Vimentin(+++)。结论:胃血管球瘤是胃一种少见的肿瘤,易误诊为胃肠间质瘤、平滑肌瘤及类癌,可以通过免疫组化染色及形态学观察进行鉴别诊断。     

猪的骨骼肌生长发育研究进展

瘦肉率对生猪产业来说是一个极其重要的经济指标,而这一指标完全取决于骨骼肌的生长发育。因此,猪骨骼肌生长发育机理的研究是十分必要的。然而,在早期由于各种因素的限制,猪骨骼肌单个基因的研究一直进展缓慢;相反,以小鼠为模型,其骨骼肌单基因的功能研究却取得了较大进展。在这一时期,影响肌决定和肌分化的基因,如MRFs家族和MEF2家族相继被发现,这些基因在猪的肌肉发育中也发挥着同样的作用。然而,这些结果并不能很好地揭示骨骼肌发育过程中复杂的基因间互作关系。随着近年来芯片和测序技术的不断发展,更多人试图从整个转录谱的水平来阐述猪肌肉发育的分子机理,并且也取得了较大的进展。为了对猪骨骼肌生长发育有一个更为清晰的认识,该文将以目前猪骨骼肌生长发育研究结果为基础,同时结合模式动物小鼠骨骼肌单基因的研究成果,对猪的骨骼肌生长发育分子调控机理进行详细的阐述。     

高压力对限制性内切酶活性的影响

以质粒ｐＳＰＯＲＴ１为底物研究了高压力对Ⅱ型限制性内切酶ＨｉｎｄⅢ和ＸｂａⅠ反应的影响。高压力未引起两酶底物碱基特异性的改变,但二者反应活力均随压力升高而逐渐下降,ＸｂａⅠ对高压力更敏感。引起ＨｉｎｄⅢ和ＸｂａⅠ限制性内切酶活性完全丧失的压力分别为２００和１８０ＭＰａ,半失活压力分别为１３０和７５ＭＰａ。     

牛抗菌肽Bac7-Bac5融合基因在大肠杆菌中的过表达，纯化及抑菌活性

牛抗菌肽Bac7和Bac5是一种线性阳离子小分子多肽,在机体天然免疫和获得性免疫中都发挥着重要作用。本研究根据Gen bank中公布的牛抗菌肽bac7和bac5成熟肽基因序列,人工合成了融合基因Bac7-Bac5片段,克隆于原核表达载体pET32(a+)中构建了重组表达载体（pET-B7-B5）,将其转化于E coli BL21(DE3) 中实现了重组蛋白B7-B5（rB7-B5）的过表达,表达的rB7-B5以包涵体形式存在,rB7-B5表达量约占细菌总蛋白的36.6％,分子量大小为33kD,与预测大小相符。以经Ni亲和层析柱纯化和多步透析法复性的rB7-B5,对猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌和耐药性大肠杆菌具有很好的抑菌活性,本研究为新型抗菌制剂的研制和开发奠定了基础。