青枯病生防菌ANTI-8098A菌株发酵过程氨基酸变化动态的研究

青枯病生防菌ANTI- 80 98A发酵过程的氨基酸测定结果表明 :ANTI - 80 98A的氨基酸代谢消耗发生在 0～ 2 4h ,消耗了 87.0 7%的总氨基酸 ;代谢累积发生在 2 4～ 4 8h ,4 8h的总氨基酸为 0h的 1 .6 7倍。在 1 7种测定的氨基酸中 ,1 6种氨基酸都表现出与总氨基酸类似的变化趋势 ,丝氨酸在 32h有最大值 ;根据含量大小可分为 3类 ,根据变异系数大小也可分为 3类 ,其中谷氨酸含量 ,丝氨酸变异系数最大。氨基酸种类特性的聚类分析结果表明 :当λ =1 7.5 0时 ,氨基酸变化可分为 4大类。发酵时间的聚类分析结果表明 :当λ=2 5 .36时 ,可分为 3大类 ,与总氨基酸的变化相关     

研究: 载脂蛋白E拟肽EpK对apoE-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化的影响

前期设计合成了一种模拟人载脂蛋白E(apoE)结构域的小分子多肽EpK,体外实验证实该拟肽具有抑制巨噬细胞炎症及增强高密度脂蛋白(HDL)介导细胞胆固醇外流的作用．本文拟借助慢病毒体系分泌性表达EpK,研究EpK在体对apoE基因敲除(apoE^-/-)小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块的影响．将11月龄雌性apoE^-/-小鼠18只,随机分两组,分别经眼球后静脉丛注射pWPI慢病毒(Lv-GFP对照组)和含EpK的重组慢病毒(Lv-EpK组)．小鼠普食喂养,间隔采血监测血脂状态,检测血浆对氧磷酯酶(PON1)活性,病毒注射18周后小鼠安乐死,从主动脉根部连续冰冻切片及主动脉胸腹段纵剖面(en face)进行油红O染色分析斑块面积,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测小鼠肝脏相关基因的mRNA表达水平,蛋白质印迹检测血浆中apoA-Ⅰ、PON1及血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)水平．结果显示：慢病毒感染小鼠可成功在血循环中检测到EpK,与Lv-GFP对照组比较,Lv-EpK组apoE^-/-小鼠的血脂及脂蛋白分布、apoA-Ⅰ水平、PON1活性无明显改变,但EpK组小鼠的主动脉斑块面积较对照组显著减少(主动脉根部斑块面积(0.87±0.07) mm² vs (1.03±0.08) mm²,P < 0.05;主动脉胸腹段斑块占管腔比42.0% vs 55.8%,P < 0.01)．EpK可显著降低血中SAA水平,并抑制肝脏炎症因子TNF?琢和IL-6的表达．结果说明,EpK拟肽具有减退apoE^-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块的作用,其机制可能与其发挥的抗炎作用有关．     

紫杉醇产生菌HU1353的鉴定

通过对紫杉醇产生菌HU1 35 3群体形态的观察 ,以及个体形态包括菌丝、分生孢子梗、分生孢子、产孢细胞、是否具喙等特征的研究 ,确定了HU1 35 3的分类地位 ,为链格孢属一新种 ,命名为红豆杉链格孢。     

Suppression by fucoidan of liver fibrogenesis via the TGF-β/Smad pathway in protecting against oxidative stress

Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from various types of brown seaweed, possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties. We investigated the protective effect of fucoidan on dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrogenesis in rats and its mechanism. Liver fibrosis was induced by injecting DMN (10 mg/kg, 3 times per week, I.P.) for 4 weeks, and fucoidan was simultaneously administered (100 mg/kg, 3 times per week, P.O.). The anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of fucoidan were observed by relative mediators. Fucoidan improved liver fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β(1))/Smad3 and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), and increasing the expression of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Fucoidan also significantly decreased the accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and collagen. These results suggest that fucoidan had an anti-fibrotic effect, which was exerted by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad pathway, as well as anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.     

濒危植物明党参个体年龄非破坏性估测模型研究

探索了一种利用地上部性状以非破坏性途径估测濒危植物明党参（Changium smyrnioides Wolff)个体年龄的模型方法．首先利用根体积(Vt)与根体积年增长量(△V)的相关性,建立模型推断个体的年龄(t);进一步利用地上最大带柄叶长(L)和根体积(Vt)的相关性来估测个体年龄(t)该方法在种群年龄结构分析中十分有效,另外通过这些模型还可以初步判断出明党参根体积增长速度的转折点,因而具有重要的生物学意义．本方法对于植物生理生态学和种群生态学,特别对于难以估计年龄和不能大量破坏的多年生濒危植物的种群生态学研究具有重要意义。     

突触后致密物基因与孤独症

孤独症是一种病因不明的广泛性发育障碍疾病,它是孤独症谱系障碍的代表疾病,发病年龄早,大多在3岁以内起病,以社会交往障碍,言语交流障碍,动作行为的重复刻板和兴趣范围狭窄为三大临床核心症状。孤独症发病率呈逐年增高趋势,我国患者量已超过一百万。但是迄今为止仍没有特异的方法与手段对孤独症进行彻底有效地诊治,为社会和家庭带来了沉重的负担,因此,其发病机制是迫切需要研究的难题。目前国际上公认为遗传因素在孤独症的发病中起着重要作用,但对于致病基因的确定仍不明确。突触后致密物(PSD)在中枢神经系统神经递质和信息的传递过程中起重要作用,影响学习记忆及认知相关功能,而孤独症患者存在认知相关功能损伤的表现,二者可能存在一定的联系。本文对PSD基因功能以及与孤独症关系的研究加以综述,希望有助于孤独症的病因学研究,以期早日改善该病的诊疗及预防。     

Elevated CO2 changes the interactions between nematode and tomato genotypes differing in the JA pathway

Interactions between the root‐knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and three isogenic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) genotypes were examined when plants were grown under ambient (370 ppm) and elevated (750 ppm) CO₂. We tested the hypothesis that, defence‐recessive genotypes tend to allocate ‘extra’ carbon (relative to nitrogen) to growth under elevated CO₂, whereas defence‐dominated genotypes allocate extra carbon to defence, and thereby increases the defence against nematodes. For all three genotypes, elevated CO₂ increased height, biomass, and root and leaf total non‐structural carbohydrates (TNC):N ratio, and decreased amino acids and proteins in leaves. The activity of anti‐oxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) was enhanced by nematode infection in defence‐recessive genotypes. Furthermore, elevated CO₂ and nematode infection did not qualitatively change the volatile organic compounds (VOC) emitted from plants. Elevated CO₂ increased the VOC emission rate only for defence‐dominated genotypes that were not infected with nematodes. Elevated CO₂ increased the number of nematode‐induced galls on defence‐dominated genotypes but not on wild‐types or defence‐recessive genotypes roots. Our results suggest that CO₂ enrichment may not only increase plant C : N ratio but can disrupt the allocation of plant resources between growth and defence in some genetically modified plants and thereby reduce their resistance to nematodes.     

基于Sentinel-2A影像干旱区棉花叶片SPAD数字制图

植被叶片叶绿素是农业遥感反演的重要参数,叶绿素含量的变化与植被生长环境的胁迫程度、生理变化密切相关,故将植被叶绿素进行实时、动态监测对农业生产极为重要。然而,传统经验模型及叶绿素精准测量存在困难。基于高分辨率的Sentinel-2A数据,在机器学习框架下,利用光谱信息、最适光谱指数和基于PROSAIL辐射传输模型的生物协变量构建3种建模方案(方案1:光谱信息和最适光谱指数联合,方案2:光谱信息和物理模型生物协变量联合,方案3:光谱信息、最适光谱指数和物理模型生物协变量联合)。最终基于优选出的建模方案进行棉花叶片叶绿素相对含量的空间数字制图。结果表明:(1)红边波段参与的最适光谱指数比值植被指数(RVI)与棉花叶片SPAD值相关性最高r=0.767,P^**=0.195;(2)将构建的17个变量进行重要性分析可知,构建的最适光谱指数比值植被指数(RVI)与物理模型生物协变量LAI-Cab对估算模型的精度贡献率较大;(3)建模方案构建植被指数时红边波段被确定为最优波段,在增加精度方面起到决定性作用;通过模型评价标准来分析3种方案可知,预测精度大小顺序为模型方案3>...     

医学生学习激情现状及影响因素的研究

目的:测量医学生学习激情现状,探索相关人口学变量差异及影响因素作用机制.方法:通过网络问卷对1793名在校医学生进行问卷调查,回收有效问卷1218份,应用SPSS22.0软件对数据进行统计处理.结果:测量对象的学习激情处于中等偏上水平(4.37± 0.91);学习激情平均得分在性别(F=9.097,P＜0.05)、生源...