广西2017年免疫规划疫苗分配及管理策略

目的 分析广西壮族自治区(广西)2017年免疫规划疫苗分配状况,探讨免疫规划疫苗管理策略。方法 整理2017年广西各级免疫规划疫苗使用进度报表数据,对免疫规划疫苗分配情况进行统计学分析。结果 2017年共分配免疫规划疫苗2292.59万剂次,使用2187.26万剂次,各类疫苗损耗系数以市为单位达到国家要求;部分疫苗分配显示,广西各级分配疫苗基本平衡(SD<20),疫苗供应短缺和疫苗分配平衡呈负相关(Pearson=-0.984,P=0.016),单人份疫苗比多人份疫苗分配平衡性好;疫苗供应不足和多人份疫苗在一定程度上影响疫苗分配平衡性。结论 2017年广西免疫规划疫苗使用规范,广西各级分配疫苗基本平衡,但有个别地级市向下级分配疫苗不平衡。需从补充完善冷链设备、建设疫苗管理信息化系统、强化业务督导考核和人员培训等方面加强对免疫规划疫苗的分配管理工作。     

阿托伐他汀抑制血管内皮细胞氧化应激反应的研究

目的:以不同浓度的阿托伐他汀干预内皮细胞的氧化应激反应,借助8一Is叩和MDA这两个检测指标衡量阿托伐他汀的抗氧化能力。方法:设立对照组的同时分组给予不同浓度的阿托伐他汀干预,再以氧化型低密度脂蛋白处理人脐静脉内皮细胞,最后提取细胞培养上清液,分别以ELISA法和硫代巴比妥酸法检测8-Isop和MDA的含量。结果:阿托伐他汀对8-Isop和MDA的产生有影响,且有浓度依赖性的趋势;抑制8-Isop和抑制MDA的程度无显著性差异。结论:阿托伐他汀有一定的抗氧化应激能力,并呈剂量依赖性。     

香紫苏叶片表面微区元素成分分析研究

目的:对药用植物和香料植物香紫苏叶片表面结构进行观察,同时对叶片表面的元素种类和含量进行分析。方法:利用Quanta 200扫描电镜对香紫苏叶片表面进行观察,利用EDAX-9100能谱仪对选定区域进行元素种类和含量的线扫描和面扫描分析。结果:香紫苏叶片表面被覆大量表皮毛,且香紫苏叶片表皮毛中的C、O和K元素含量明显高于其他部位,其他元素分布则比较均匀。结论:电子探针可以快速对叶片表面特定区域以及特殊结构进行元素种类和含量分析。     

Remote sensing monitoring upon the grass production in China

Using MODIS remote sensing data and ground truth data, a thorough investigation was conducted to monitor the productivity of grasslands in China for the year 2005. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was first computed from the MODIS data. Then the data from the NDVI images were used to correlate with the grass yield data from the ground sampling campaigns. Six regional models were accordingly established from the correlation for estimation of grass production in the six main types of steppe in China. The main results from the estimation could be summarized as follows: (1) High grass productivity in 2005 was obtained in the following 3 regions: the grassland covering Hulunbuir, Xilinhaote, and the western Daxing'anling, the region including the eastern Qinghai, the northwestern Sichuan and the mid-southern Gansu, and the northwestern Xinjiang region. (2) Total hay output from the grasslands in China amounted to 294213.86 thousand tons in 2005 with an average yield of 829.67 kg/hm2. (3) The following 7 provinces were the largest grass producers in China: Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Tibet, Heilongjiang and Gansu. For example, Inner Mongolia produced 60370.82 thousand tons of hay in 2005, and hence became the No. 1 grass producer of China. (4) Among the steppe types, the following 5 had the largest grass production: Alpine meadow, Temperate steppe, Low-land meadow, Temperate meadow steppe and Montane meadow with total production accounting for 62.2% in China. (5) Grass production of the entire China in August 2005 remained at the same level as that in August 2004. However, the situations of major grassland provinces were different: grass production in both Qinghai and Gansu in 2005 increased to 9.02% and 3.63%, respectively, when compared with that in 2004. The grass production in Inner Mongolia decreased by 3%, while the production in Tibet, Xinjiang and Sichuan remains unchanged when compared with that in 2004. These results were very important for grassland administration, pasture grazing and grassland ecosystem studies in China.     

持续皮下胰岛素注射对2型糖尿病合并肺部感染患者的疗效分析

目的:分析持续皮下注射胰岛素对2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并肺部感染患者的临床疗效。方法:将我院2010年6月至2013年6月收治的86例2型糖尿病合并肺部感染患者随机分为2组,分别采用胰岛素泵持续皮下注射(治疗组)和多次皮下注射胰岛素(对照组),观察患者血糖指标、血糖达标时间、低血糖发生率及肺部感染治愈率情况。结果:治疗后,两组患者的血糖均得到控制,治疗组的血糖指标变化、血糖达标时间及住院时间均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。治疗组的低血糖发生率明显低于对照组,而肺部感染治愈率显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:胰岛素泵持续皮下胰岛素注射在治疗2型糖尿病合并肺部感染患者中使用,血糖达标迅速,降低低血糖发生率,缩短住院时间,提高感染治愈率,临床效果好。     

利用定点突变法研究精氨酸脱亚胺酶活性的影响机制

精氨酸脱亚胺酶(ADI)是一种针对精氨酸缺陷型癌症(如:肝癌、黑素瘤)的新药,目前处于临床三期试验。文中通过定点突变技术分析了精氨酸脱亚胺酶的特定氨基酸位点对酶活力的影响机制。针对已报道的关键氨基酸残基A128、H404、I410,采用QuikChange法进行定点突变,获得ADI突变株M1(A128T)、M2(H404R)、M3(I410L)和M4(A128T/H404R)。将突变株在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中进行重组表达,并对纯化获得的突变蛋白进行酶学性质研究。结果表明,突变位点A128T和H404R对ADI最适pH的提高,生理中性(pH 7.4)条件下的酶活力和稳定性的提高,以及Km值的降低均具有显著的作用。研究结果为阐明ADI的酶活力影响机制和蛋白质的理性改造提供了一定的依据。     

沉默信息调节因子2同源蛋白1通过Akt/PKB通路抑制人退变椎间盘髓核细胞凋亡

沉默信息调节因子2同源蛋白1(silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1, SIRT1/sirtuin 1)是组蛋白去乙酰化酶,参与表观遗传修饰调节,促进多种细胞的生存,但目前对椎间盘髓核细胞的作用未见研究．为了阐明临床不同来源的椎间盘髓核手术标本SIRT1的表达变化,用免疫组化、定量RT-PCR、Western blot方法对中老年腰椎间盘突出症病人及青壮年腰椎骨折病人术中髓核标本进行研究,表明老年人髓核SIRT1的mRNA及蛋白质水平均显著低于青壮年的髓核．同时,用resveratrol(SIRT1激动剂)、烟碱(SIRT1抑制剂)、SIRT1-siRNA对培养的退变髓核细胞进行处理或转染后,用流式细胞仪检测凋亡率变化,结果表明resveratrol能显著促进退变髓核细胞生存,相反,当烟碱或SIRT1-siRNA转染后则显著促进髓核细胞凋亡．为了进一步分析SIRT1抑制退变髓核细胞凋亡的分子机制,应用Western blot及抑制剂方法研究表明,当SIRT1-siRNA转染髓核细胞后能降低磷酸化Akt蛋白的表达,而白藜芦醇处理则促进磷酸化Akt蛋白的表达,当用LY294002(PI3K抑制剂)或Akt-siRNA转染后显著抑制髓核细胞的生存率．研究结果表明,SIRT1通过Akt通路能显著抑制髓核细胞凋亡,为深入揭示退变性椎间盘疾病的病理生理及生物治疗提供新的思路和靶点．     

一株产L-谷氨酸氧化酶的链霉菌分离鉴定及酶学性质分析

采用4-氨基安替吡啉/苯酚显色反应,从土壤中分离出产酶菌株Str-6.通过菌株形态、培养特征和生理生化试验、16S rDNA序列分析,初步将其鉴定为山丘链霉菌.其初步酶学性质研究表明,该菌株所产L-谷氨酸氧化酶为胞外酶,28℃培养36 h时产酶酶活达到0.023 1 U/mg蛋白,对L-谷氨酸具有较强的底物专一性.酶作用最佳反应pH为6.0,反应温度为35℃.在pH6.0-7.0和温度35-40℃下具有较好的稳定性.     

An alternative clamp loading pathway via the T4 clamp loader gp44/62-DNA complex

In bacteriophage T4, a clamp loading pathway that utilizes the T4 clamp loader (gp44/62) and ATP hydrolysis initially to form a complex with the clamp (gp45) has been demonstrated, followed by interaction with DNA and closing of the clamp. However, the recent observation that gp45 exists as an opened form in solution raises the possibility of other pathways for clamp loading. In this study, an alternative clamp loading sequence is evaluated in which gp44/62 first recognizes the DNA substrate and then sequesters the clamp from solution and loads it onto DNA. This pathway differs in terms of the initial formation of a gp44/62-DNA complex that is capable of loading gp45. In this work, we demonstrate ATP-dependent DNA binding by gp44/62. Among various DNA structures that were tested, gp44/62 binds specifically to primer-template DNA but not to single-stranded DNA or blunt-end duplex DNA. By tracing the dynamic clamp closing with pre-steady-state FRET measurements, we show that the clamp loader-DNA complex is functional in clamp loading. Furthermore, pre-steady-state ATP hydrolysis experiments suggest that 1 equiv of ATP is hydrolyzed when gp44/62 binds to DNA, and additional ATP hydrolysis is associated with the completion of the clamp loading process. We also investigated the detailed kinetics of binding of MANT-nucleotide to gp44/62 through stopped-flow FRET and demonstrated a conformational change as the result of ATP, but not ADP binding. The collective kinetic data allowed us to propose and evaluate a sequence of steps describing this alternative pathway for clamp loading and holoenzyme formation.     

Determination of the enantiomeric excess of an M3 antagonist drug substance by chemometric analysis of the IR spectra of different guest-host complexes

A novel approach for the potential on-line determination of the enantiomeric excess (ee) of an M3 antagonist drug substance combining attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, guest-host complexes, and chemometric data analysis is described. Chiral recognition through a formation of diastereomeric complexes was measured by ATR-IR. Small changes on the IR spectra reflect the interaction between the guest (M3) and host (chiral selector). These changes are measured as a function of M3 enantiomer excess. The standard error of prediction is 1.3 ee%. The prediction results based on the IR method were in good agreement with the gravimetric method. The robustness of the calibration model was evaluated by varying the concentration of the chiral selector, the pH of the solution, and the organic solvents. The stability of the calibration model was also demonstrated through measuring different sets of samples on different days.