呼气末正压通气对骨肿瘤患者呼吸功能及血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨呼气末正压通气(Positive end expiratory pressure,PEEP)对全麻状态下行骨肿瘤手术的患者血流动力学的影响。方法:选取2013年1月至2014年1月在我院接受手术治疗的骨肿瘤患者30例,随机分成对照组(PEEP 0 cm H2O,n=15)和研究组(PEEP 8 cm H2O,n=15)。所有患者行常规麻醉诱导后机械通气。观察并比较两组患者不同时间点的气道峰压(Ppeak)、气道平台压(Ppla)、Pa O2和Pa CO2等呼吸功能指标,以及心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)和中心静脉压(CVP)等血流动力学指标的变化。结果:两组组内比较,Pa O2值下降(P0.05);研究组Ppeak和Ppla显著增加(P0.01),对照组无显著差异(P0.05)。与对照组相比较,研究组患者相同时间点的Pa O2值、Ppeak及Ppla明显增加,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组组内比较,HR、MAP及CVP值的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比较,研究组患者相同时间点的CVP值上升,HR和MAP值下降,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:PEEP通气对全麻下骨肿瘤手术患者的呼吸功能具有改善作用,且加用PEEP对患者血流动力学参数的影响不明显,可在临床推广应用。     

茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂碳水化合物代谢相关的滞育关联基因差异表达分析

为明确糖代谢相关途径在茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂Lysiphlebustestaceipes蛹滞育过程中的作用,揭示滞育调控的分子机制,本试验利用转录组测序技术,对滞育组与非滞育组的茶足柄瘤蚜茧蜂蛹进行转录组测序,并结合生物信息学方法对糖代谢相关途径中的差异表达基因进行了筛选与分析.GO注释到的与碳水化合物代谢条目相关的差异基因共...     

EGF家族研究进展

自１９６２年Ｃｏｈｅｎ报道发现ＥＧＦ以来,３０多年的时间里已经先后发现了ＥＧＦ、ＴＧＦ－α、ＨＢ－ＥＧＦ、ＡＲ（ａｍｐｈｉｒｅｇｕｌｉｎ）、ＢＴＣ（ｂｅｔａｃｅｌｕｌｉｎ）、ＮＧＲ（ｎｅｕｒｏｒｅｇｕｌｉｎ）、ＨＲＧ（ｈｅｒｅｇｕｌｉｎ）与ＥＰＲ（ｅ...     

从噬菌体文库中筛选与表皮生长因子结合的多肽(英)

与许多疾病相关的血管生成作用是由一些血管生成因子介导的,其中就包括表皮生长因子.在肿瘤生长、关节炎等疾病中,表皮生长因子参与了其中的血管生成作用,拮抗表皮生长因子介导的血管生成就有可能对与其相关的疾病起到治疗作用,因此,表皮生长因子的拮抗剂可能具有重要的临床价值.拮抗表皮生长因子的作用可以通过许多途径,其中之一就是找到能与表皮生长因子结合并能干预其与受体结合的分子,因而表皮生长因子可作为药物靶分子.从噬菌体文库中筛选药物靶分子的拮抗剂和激动剂已被证明是一种有效的方法.以表皮生长因子作为药物靶分子,从多肽噬菌体文库中筛选与表皮生长因子结合的噬菌体多肽,这些潜在的表皮生长因子拮抗剂先导分子经过优化可能具有重要的临床价值.     

美洲鲥应激后皮质醇激素和血液生化指标的变化

比较了美洲鲥(Alosa sapidissima)1龄幼鱼因环境改变和运输引起的血清皮质醇激素浓度和血液生化指标变化。结果表明,美洲鲥转入较小容器中后血清皮质醇含量迅速增加到对照组[(2.05±1.48)ng/ml,n=10]的10倍左右。运输2 h后美洲鲥血清皮质醇激素含量[(41.97±17.92)ng/ml,n=9]比运输前显著上升20倍左右。2 h运输后总蛋白、白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、Ca2 比对照组极显著增加(P<0.01),白球比和乙酸胆碱酯酶、血糖、K 显著增加(P<0.05),谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶无显著变化(P>0.05),Cl-显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。血液指标明显变化表明,美洲鲥运输应激后,心脏和肝脏等组织一定程度受损,可能导致了较高的死亡率。     

Studies on the Relationships Between Moricandia and Brassica Species

Moricandia is the only genus with C3-C4 species within the family of Cruciferae. To provide the basic information of transferring C3-C4 and other important characteristics from Moricandia to Brassica crops, the relationships between Moricandia and Brassica species were studied based on crossability and RFLP fingerprinting. The crossability was very low between the two genera in the experiment. There was no hybrid seed obtained between M. arvensis and B. rapa though 8 000 flowers were crossed. 2 989 cross-pollinated ovaries were cultured and also no hybrid embryo was developed. However, four intergeneric hybrid shoots were generated from 105 cultured ovaries in the combination of M. arvensis x B. napus. The nucleus DNA polymorphism of restriction loci was detected with 23 genic DNA clones of B. napus for the samples of B. napus, B. rapa and B. oleracea, M. arvensis and M. nit, ns. A high homology was found between Moricandia and Brassica species. The similarity between M. nitens and B. rapa was even greater than that between B. rapa and B. napus. The close relationships between Moricandia species and Brassica crops, especially European B. rapa, were also detected with 4 beta mitochondria probes. The intensive homology between Moricandia C3-C4 species and Brassica crops evaluated with the RFLP markers revealed the possibility of transferring some important genes from the C3-C4 species to the domesticated species by sexual hybridization or protoplast fusion followed by recombination of homoeologous chromosomes.     

绵羊产羔性状主效基因检测研究

以绵羊BMP15基因和BMPR-IB基因为候选基因,以湖羊、中国美利奴单胎品系、中国美利奴肉用和毛用多胎品系为研究对象,采用PCR-RFLP方法对候选基因进行单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点检测和基因型分析,同时研究基因对绵羊产羔数的影响。对BMP15基因进行SNP检测,结果未发现多态性位点;对BMPR-IB基因进行多态性检测,结果发现了一个A746 G SNP位点。依据A746 G SNP位点进行基因型分析,结果在各品种（系）羊中发现了3种基因型,即BB、B+和++。等位基因型频率在各品种（系）间差异极显著（P<0.001）,在湖羊中以BB基因型为主,在中国美利奴单胎品系中以++基因型为主, 而在中国美利奴肉用和毛用多胎品系中以B+基因型为主。BMPR-IB A746G位点的变异明显影响绵羊的产羔数,与++基因型母羊相比, BB和B+基因型母羊产羔数明显较多。研究结果同时表明,利用BMPR-IB基因型可以很好的预测母羊的产羔数。研究获得的这些结果强烈表明BMPR-IB为影响绵羊的产羔数的主效基因,可以用于对绵羊产羔数的选择。Abstract: The current study was designed to detect SNPs within BMP15 and BMPR-IB gene and investigate the effect of the genes on sheep litter size. Four sheep lines, HU-Yang, Chinese M erino monotocous, Chinese Merino multiparous for wool production and Chinese Merino multiparous for mutton production, were used in this study. Litter sizes were recorded for each ewe in the four lines. Primers for BMP15 and BMPR-IB gene were designed from database sheep sequence and polymorphisms were detected by PCR-RFLP method. The results showed that there was no polymorphism with BMP15 gene among the four lines, and there was an A / G SNP with BMPR-IB gene at base 746 among the four lines. Three types of genotype (BB, B+ and ++), based on A / G locus, were found within each line. The frequencies of genotypes were significantly different among the lines (P<0.001), with BB genotype primarily existing in HU-Yang, ++ genotype in Chinese Merino monotocous line, and B+ genotype in Chinnese Merino multiparous lines. The A / G mutation influence significantly the sheep litter sizes, and the BB and B+ ewes had significant higher litter sizes than ++ ewes. The results of present study showed simultaneously that the genotype of BMPR-IB was a perfect predictor of the sheep litter sizes. These results intensively indicated that BMPR-IB is a major gene to affect litter size in sheep, and could be used as the molecular genetic marker to select litter size in sheep.     

努利虫疠霉感染桃蚜过程的扫描电镜观察

利用扫描电镜观察了努利虫疠霉Pandora nouryi (Remaudière & Hennebert) Humber初生分生孢子接种桃蚜Myzus persicae (Sulzer)后孢子萌发、入侵以及菌体突破虫体的整个侵染过程。结果表明：附着于虫体表面的初生分生孢子在3～5 h后即有60%以上的萌发率,萌发的孢子形成芽管或产生球形或棍棒状的附着胞;12 h后大部分孢子均已萌发,并成功入侵寄主虫体;接种60 h后,呈掌状分枝的假根首先从桃蚜胸部的腹面突破虫体长出体外,明显区别于新蚜虫疠霉Pandora neoaphidis (Remaudière & Hennebert) Humber假根突破虫体的位置;假囊状体不多见,且仅分布于蚜虫身体两侧,这可在一定程度上解释努利虫疠霉产孢对湿度条件要求较高的生物学现象。     

三品系小型猪35个微卫星基因座的遗传学研究

利用35个微卫星基因座对中国三个品系的小型猪（贵州小型香猪、广西巴马小型猪、版纳小耳猪近交系）进行了遗传检测。计算出三个小型猪品系个体样本在35个微卫星基因座的纯合率,并对其进行t检验。计算出各品系的平均杂合度,多态信息含量（PIC）及品系间的遗传距离,并进行了系统聚类。结果表明三个品系的小型猪其基因纯合率均较高,其中版纳小耳猪近交系的基因纯合率最高;PIC和平均杂合度均较低;贵州小型香猪和广西巴马小型猪亲缘关系较近,并均与版纳小耳猪近交系的亲缘关系略远。 Abstract：The polymorphism of 35 microsatellites in the three miniature pig breeds in China(Guizhou miniature pig, Guangxi Bama miniature pig, Banna miniature pig inbred) was analysed. Rates of homozygote for 35 microsatellite loci in three miniature pig breeds were calculated,and t-test for them were performed. Mean heterozygosity and polymorphism information content(PIC) were calculated for all breeds, and genetic distances between these breeds were estimated. The dendrograms were obtained based on genetic distances. The results suggest that rates of homozygote in the three breeds are all high, and that is the highest in Banna miniature pig inbred. The results also suggest that polymorphism information content and mean heterozygosity in all the three breeds are low, and the genetic relationship between Guizhou miniature pig and Guangxi Bama miniature pig is closer than their relationship with Banna miniature pig inbred.     

中红侧沟茧蜂雌蜂输卵管萼中病毒样纤丝的特征和功能

中红侧沟茧蜂Microplitis mediator雌蜂输卵管萼中有一种病毒样纤丝（virus-like filaments, VLFs）。在蜂卵从卵巢管通过输卵管萼产出的过程中,VLF包裹在蜂卵的表面,随蜂卵进入寄主体内。透射电镜显示,VLF中心是电子致密物质,外有单层膜包被,直径约35 nm。负染技术表明,VLF是具有左螺旋结构的纤丝,负染时的直径约25 nm。不含VLF的蜂卵进入3龄初寄主后,全部被寄主血细胞包囊;含有VLF的蜂卵进入同样的寄主后,88.2%受到保护。VLF对蜂卵的保护作用在不同发育期的寄主中不同,在3龄初的粘虫体内,平均有64.7%的初产卵不被包囊,而在4龄初的粘虫体内,只有9.5%的初产卵受到保护。这一结果说明,VLF只能为蜂卵提供部分的保护作用,需配合其它寄生蜂因子（萼液、蜂毒等）共同作用于寄主的免疫系统。