Enhanced Rate Capability of Ion‐Accessible Ti3C2Tx‐NbN Hybrid Electrodes

Although 2D Ti₃C₂T_x is a good candidate for supercapacitors, the restacking of nanosheets hinders the ion transport significantly at high scan rates, especially under practical mass loading (>10 mg cm^?2) and thickness (tens of microns). Here, Ti₃C₂T_x‐NbN hybrid film is designed by self‐assembling Ti₃C₂T_x with 2D arrays of NbN nanocrystals. Working as an interlayer spacer of Ti₃C₂T_x, NbN facilitates the ion penetration through its 2D porous structure; even at extremely high scan rates. The hybrid film shows a thickness‐independent rate performance (almost the same rate capabilities from 2 to 20 000 mV s^?1) for 3 and 50 µm thick electrodes. Even a 109 µm thick Ti₃C₂T_x‐NbN electrode shows a better rate performance than 25 µm thick pure Ti₃C₂T_x electrodes. This method may pave a way to controlling ion transport in electrodes composed of 2D conductive materials, which have potential applications in high‐rate energy storage and beyond.     

Phosphorus alleviation of nitrogen‐suppressed methane sink in global grasslands

Grassland ecosystems account for more than 10% of the global CH₄ sink in soils. A 4‐year field experiment found that addition of P alone did not affect CH₄ uptake and experimental addition of N alone significantly suppressed CH₄ uptake, whereas concurrent N and P additions suppressed CH₄ uptake to a lesser degree. A meta‐analysis including 382 data points in global grasslands corroborated these findings. Global extrapolation with an empirical modelling approach estimated that contemporary N addition suppresses CH₄ sink in global grassland by 11.4% and concurrent N and P deposition alleviates this suppression to 5.8%. The P alleviation of N‐suppressed CH₄ sink is primarily attributed to substrate competition, defined as the competition between ammonium and CH₄ for the methane mono‐oxygenase enzyme. The N and P impacts on CH₄ uptake indicate that projected increases in N and P depositions might substantially affect CH₄ uptake and alter the global CH₄ cycle.     

PKCβ/NF-κB pathway in diabetic atrial remodeling

Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry - Atrial remodeling in diabetes is partially attributed to NF-κB/TGF-β signal transduction pathway activation. We examined whether the...     

外源水杨酸对NaCl胁迫下白榆幼苗光合作用及离子分配的影响

以1年生白榆幼苗为研究对象,设置0、0.5、1.0和2.0 mmol·L^-1水杨酸(SA)与0、50、100和150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理组合,考察盐胁迫下白榆幼苗生物量、光合色素含量、光合作用参数及根叶离子含量、分配、运输的情况,探讨外源SA对NaCl胁迫下白榆幼苗耐盐生理特征的影响。结果表明:(1)NaCl胁迫显著抑制了白榆幼苗的生长、光合色素含量及光合能力,并破坏了白榆体内离子平衡。(2)喷施外源SA使盐胁迫下白榆幼苗的干重和根冠比均不同程度升高,0.5和2.0 mmol·L^-1 SA不同程度提高了50和100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理组幼苗叶片光合色素含量。(3)0.5 mmol·L^-1 SA显著提升了50 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理组白榆幼苗的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr),1.0和2.0 mmol·L^-1 SA对150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理组幼苗净光合速率改善效果较好,外源SA对100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理组幼苗的光合作用参数无显著影响。(4)NaCl胁迫下,外源SA处理的白榆幼苗叶和根Na^+含量及Na^+/K^+、Na^+/Ca^2+和Na^+/Mg^2+显著降低,离子选择运输系数SK,Na、SCa,Na和SMg,Na升高,从而促进了幼苗K^+、Ca^2+和Mg^2+由根向叶片的转运;隶属函数分析发现对白榆幼苗叶和根中离子含量改善效果最好的SA浓度分别为1.0和2.0 mmol·L^-1。因此,适宜浓度的外源水杨酸能够有效改善NaCl胁迫下白榆幼苗的光合能力,有效调节白榆幼苗体内离子状态,从而增强白榆对NaCl胁迫的抗性。     

非结构蛋白在非洲猪瘟病毒感染中作用

非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染引起的一种急性、出血性猪传染病,给疫情发生国家(地区)的养猪业造成重大经济损失.ASFV为双股DNA病毒,基因组含有150～167个开放阅读框(ORFs),可编码150～200种蛋白质,其中非结构蛋白有100余种.ASFV编码的酶、转录因子、调节宿主细胞功能蛋白和病毒免疫逃逸相关蛋白等作为重要的非结构蛋白,在病毒核苷酸代谢、DNA复制、修复、转录、蛋白修饰以及病毒与宿主细胞相互作用等过程中发挥重要作用,但仍有许多非结构蛋白的功能尚不明晰.因此,本文综述了 ASFV非结构蛋白在病毒感染中的作用,以期为ASFV非结构蛋白的进一步研究提供参考.     

杧果蔗糖合成酶MiSS基因的克隆与表达分析

为克隆杧果(Mangifera indica L.)蔗糖合成酶基因序列,预测其编码蛋白特性,阐明其在果实发育过程中的表达规律和作用.本研究采用同源克隆法和RACE技术克隆了1个编码蔗糖合成酶基因的全长cDNA,命名为MiSS,其cDNA全长2110 bp,开放阅读框为1455 bp,编码484个氨基酸,相对分子量为55.3 kD,理论等电点为6.08.系统进化分析显示,MiSS基因编码的氨基酸序列与温州蜜柑(Citrus unshiu)、荔枝(Litchi chinensis)、龙眼(Dimocarpus longan)氨基酸序列一致性为90％～93％.RT-qPCR分析显示,MiSS基因表达量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且果实发育各时期果皮内MiSS基因表达量均显著高于果肉,综合分析MiSS基因可能与淀粉的合成密切相关.本研究为进一步了解MiSS基因在杧果蔗糖代谢过程中的作用以及从分子角度阐明植物生长调节剂对杧果蔗糖代谢的影响机理奠定了理论和技术基础.     

Analysis of methylparaben in cosmetics based on a chemiluminescence H2O2−NaIO4−CNQDs system

In this article, a simple, effective chemiluminescence (CL) method for the detection of methylparaben (MP) in cosmetic samples was developed based on an IO₄^?–H₂O₂–carbon nitrogen quantum dots (CNQDs) system without a separation process. The results indicated that the redox reaction between periodate and hydrogen peroxide released hydroxide radicals and superoxide radical anions in the presence of bicarbonate. These two radicals were responsible for the formation of excited luminophor CNQD* with a maximum wavelength at 480 nm. Due to the competitive reaction with hydroxide radicals, CL intensity was markedly diminished in the presence of MP. The relative standard deviation in the intraday assay was below 5.5% (n = 9), and the detection limit was as low as 0.50 μmol/L. The proposed method allowed for the successful, selective determination of MP in cosmetics.