植物数量性状遗传体系检测中回交或自交家系重复试验数据的分析方法

为提高主基因+多基因混合遗传分析的精度,降低试验误差,采用重复内分组随机区组设计,对低遗传力性状的B1:2和B2:2或F2:3家系平均数资料进行遗传分析.通过AIC准则和适合性检验比较无主基因(A-0)、1对主基因(A)、2对主基因(B)、多基因(C)、1对主基因+多基因(D)和2对主基因+多基因(E)模型以鉴定其遗传模式.采用IECM算法估计混合模型参数.通过油菜HSTC14×宁油7号初花期F2:3家系平均数资料阐明该方法。 abstract:To improve the precision in the genetic analysis of quantitative traits,the B1:2 and 132:2,or F2:3 families in a randomized blocks design were used to identify the mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model while error variance was estimated from the analysis of variance.Five kinds of genetic models were established,including:one-major-gene model,two-major-gene model,polygene model,mixed one-major-gene plus polygene model,and mixed two-major-gene plus polygene model.The AIC value and a set of tests of goodness-of-fit were used to identify the most fitted model among the possible ones.The iterated ECM (IECM) algorithm was used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters in sample likelihood function.An example of the genetic analysis of days from planting to flowering of a rape cross was used to illuminate the above procedure.     

The Hsp90 inhibitor radicicol interacts with the ATP-binding pocket of bacterial sensor kinase PhoQ

Sensor kinases in the bacterial two-component system share a unique ATP-binding Bergerat fold with the GHL (gyrase, Hsp90, and MutL) family of proteins. We demonstrated that selected GHL inhibitors bind to the catalytic domain of sensor kinase PhoQ (PhoQcat) using NMR chemical shift perturbation experiments. Using crystallographic approaches, we show that radicicol (an Hsp90 inhibitor) binds and interacts specifically with residues in the ATP-binding pocket of PhoQ. The interaction between radicicol and PhoQcat demonstrates significant similarities as well as differences compared to AMPPNP (a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog) bound to PhoQcat and radicicol bound to Hsp90. Our results suggest that GHL inhibitors may be useful lead compounds for developing sensor kinase inhibitors.     

大豆雄性不育系与其保持系不同器官蛋白质比较

采用双向凝胶电泳技术对大豆质核互作雄性不育系NJCMS2A及其保持系NJCMS2B的种子、叶片和花药等不同器官蛋白质进行比较分析.结果显示,不育系NJCMS2A与其保持系NJCMS2B的花药2-DE图谱间存在较多差异表达蛋白点,种子2-DE图谱间仅有少量差异表达蛋白点,而叶片2-DE图谱间基本没有差异表达蛋白点.结果表明,不育基因表达具有时空性和器官特异性,与育性有关的蛋白主要在花药中表达.     

鞍山西郊水源地地下水水动态初步研究

运用时间序列分析方法,选取月抽水量及月观测静水位,建立时间序列模型。对鞍山市西郊水源地地下水水位进行了拟合,与实测数据相吻合,并进行了预报．     

玉米种质对黄曲霉菌抗性的鉴定

以145个玉米自交系作为试验材料,对其籽粒人工接种黄曲霉菌(Aspergillus flavus),根据籽粒的发病情况进行抗性鉴定。结果表明:(1)各玉米自交系对黄曲霉菌的抗性有极显著的差异,在145个自交系中,高抗的8份,中抗的72份,中感的57份,高感的8份;(2)对黄曲霉菌有较高抗性的自交系大多数来自于我国的南方地区;(3)通过辐射处理,对于提高抗性可能有较好的效果;(4)爆裂玉米具有较好的抗性;(5)不同致病菌株接种,抗性反应有差异。     

Biosynthesis regulation of natamycin production from Streptomyces natalensis HDMNTE-01 enhanced by response surface methodology

Natamycin has been widely applied in medical treatments and food protection widely due to its effective inhibition to the growth of yeast and mold. As polyene macrolide antibiotic, the biosynthesis pathway of natamycin is relatively clear. To regulate the biosynthesis of natamycin, additions of precursors affecting cell growth and natamycin production were investigated. The results showed that 0.003% (w/v) potassium ferrocyanide and sodium propionate: n-butanol at a ratio of 4:1 was added into the broth at 0 and 24?hr, respectively, and they contributed to yield natamycin, reaching 1.62?g?L^?1 (174.6% higher than control). Furthermore, response surface methodology was undertaken to enhance natamycin production by Streptomyces natalensis HDMNTE-01 (a wild strain). The optimum conditions determined were: glucose 3.97%; soya peptone 2%; yeast extract 0.5%; original pH 7.0; inoculum volume 6%; growth in a 250-mL flask containing 24.68?mL of medium; shaken (220?rpm) at 28°C for 4 days. Under the optimized conditions, the yield was 2.81?g?L^?1 natamycin in 5-L fermentor when the fermentation was processed.     

大兴安岭地区笃斯越橘基生枝条矿质养分特性

以大兴安岭地区3种主要立地类型的笃斯越橘为试验材料,通过分析由灌丛基部萌生的1~2年生(S1)、3年生(S2)、4年生(S3)、5年生(S4)、趋于衰老的多年生(S5)枝条叶片和茎部,以及衰老枝条(S6)的N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn含量分布规律及其与新梢生长的关系,明确矿质元素在笃斯越橘不同年龄基生枝上叶片及茎部的分布特性,探索矿质营养与笃斯越橘树体生长发育及衰老更新的关系。结果表明:(1)6种元素在不同年龄枝条分布呈现不同的规律,其中,N、P、K随基生枝条年龄增加大致呈下降趋势,叶片和茎部分别在S5、S6时期降到最小值;Ca在衰老枝条上含量最高,Mg元素在S1时期叶片上分布较高;Mn在不同年龄基生枝中波动较小,水湿地、山地类型叶片Mn元素随枝龄增加而提高,茎部则先增后减,在S5时期分布最高;N、P、K、Ca、Mg含量表现为叶片明显高于茎部,而塔头草甸类型茎部Mn略高于叶片,且茎部Mn含量高达2 000mg·kg~(-1)。(2)笃斯越橘的新梢生长量与叶片K、Mg以及茎部N、K、Mg含量呈极显著正相关关系,与叶片Ca、Mn以及茎部Ca含量呈显著或极显著负相关关系。(3)典型相关分析结果显示,影响笃斯越橘新梢生长量的矿质元素因子因基生枝条年龄而异;S1时期主要与叶片Mg含量有关,S2~S4阶段受茎部K、Ca、Mg影响最大,S5时期主要受叶片Ca含量影响。(4)笃斯越橘的衰老可能与Ca积累有关。     

Double hexamer disruption and biochemical activities of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum MCM

Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum MCM (mtMCM) is a helicase required for DNA replication. Previous electron microscopy studies have shown mtMCM in several oligomeric forms. However, biochemical studies suggest that mtMCM is a dodecamer, likely a double hexamer (dHex). The crystal structure of the N-terminal fragment of mtMCM reveals a stable dHex architecture. To further confirm that the dHex is not an artifact of crystal packing of two hexamers, we investigated the relevance of the dHex by disrupting the hexamer-hexamer interactions seen in the crystal structure via site-directed mutagenesis and examining various biochemical activities of the mutants in vitro. Using a combination of biochemical and structural assays, we demonstrated that changing arginine to alanine at amino acid position 161 or the insertion of a six-aminoacid peptide at the hexamer-hexamer interface disrupted dHex formation and produced stable single hexamers (sHex). Furthermore, we showed that the sHex mutants retained wild-type level of ATPase and DNA binding activities but had decreased helicase activity when compared with the wild type dHex protein. These biochemical properties of mtMCM are reminiscent of those of SV40 large T antigen, suggesting that the dHex form of mtMCM may be the active helicase for DNA unwinding during the bidirectional DNA replication.